(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"00:08:23","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-28","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":168,"namepart":"Kenji Taguma"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Merced, California","creation":"August 29, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kenji Taguma narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-tkenji-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-njpa-2-1171","model":"entity","index":"12 112/{'value': 143, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-njpa-2-1171/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-njpa-2-1171/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-njpa-2/ddr-njpa-2-1171-mezzanine-ca04adfd70-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-njpa-2/ddr-njpa-2-1171-mezzanine-ca04adfd70-a.jpg"},"title":"Portrait and bio of Permanente Cement plant manager","description":"Text on reverse: \"TO: HAWAII TIMES (WITH PIC), June 27, 1960. James F. Smithson has been appointed manager of Permanente Cement Company's new $13,500,000 cement producing plant at Waianae, Oahu, Hawaii, it was announced today by J.M. Garoutte, operations vice president. For the past three years, Smithson has served as process engineer at Permanente's Northern California plant near San Jose. A chemical engineering graduate of the University of Washington, Smithson is a veteran of 12 years experience in the cement industry. ...\"","extent":"4.75W x 6.5H","links_children":"ddr-njpa-2-1171","format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Smithson, James F."},{"namepart":"Permanente Cement Company"}],"contributor":"Hawaii Times Photo Archives Foundation","rights":"pcc","genre":"photograph","creation":"27-Jun-60","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Smithson, James F. \nPermanente Cement Company","download_large":"ddr-njpa-2-1171-mezzanine-ca04adfd70-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-25-53","model":"entity","index":"13 113/{'value': 143, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-25-53/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-25-53/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-25/ddr-csujad-25-53-mezzanine-c6d2a522d4-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-25/ddr-csujad-25-53-mezzanine-c6d2a522d4-a.jpg"},"title":"Postcards","description":"A page from an album containing Japanese family photographs. Pasted on the page are four postcards. Captions on the postcards read: \"1700. Federal Building and Post Office, North Yakima, Wash.\"; \"Great Northern RY. Yards and Round House. Minot, N.D.\"; New Union Pacific Depot, North Platte, Neb.\"; and \"5628. --But? It's a Ketchikan Halibut!\" See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: jia_07_01_053","extent":"black and white","links_children":"ddr-csujad-25-53","topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington","id":"290"}],"format":"img","contributor":"Department of Special Research Collections, UC Santa Barbara Library","rights":"nocc","genre":"album","location":"Washington; North Dakota; Nebraska; Alaska","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-25-53-mezzanine-c6d2a522d4-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-25-8","model":"entity","index":"14 114/{'value': 143, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-25-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-25-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-25/ddr-csujad-25-8-mezzanine-781be00bb7-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-25/ddr-csujad-25-8-mezzanine-781be00bb7-a.jpg"},"title":"Japanese family","description":"A page from an album containing Japanese family photographs. Five photographs are pasted on the page. All photographs appear to be taken in Washington in the early 1900s. Include a house; mountains; a stream locomotive of Great Northern Railroad; and children and woman siting on railroad ties. Also include a portrait of Japanese woman in kimono. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: jia_07_01_008","extent":"black and white","links_children":"ddr-csujad-25-8","topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington","id":"290"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Children","id":"509"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Family","id":"46"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Women","id":"515"}],"format":"img","contributor":"Department of Special Research Collections, UC Santa Barbara Library","rights":"nocc","genre":"album","location":"[Washington]","creation":"1900-1939","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-25-8-mezzanine-781be00bb7-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-125-383","model":"entity","index":"15 115/{'value': 143, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-125-383/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-125-383/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-125/ddr-densho-125-383-mezzanine-1628534721-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-125/ddr-densho-125-383-mezzanine-1628534721-a.jpg"},"title":"Manzanar Free Press Relocation Supplement Vol. 1 No. 15 (July 28, 1945)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Receive Pamphlet on Schools\" (p. 1), \"2795 Evacuees Relocate to Northern California\" (p. 1), \"Four Evacuees Accepted in Santa Clara Union\" (p. 1), \"Two Special Cars Leave Heart Mountain Center Monthly for West Coast\" (p. 1), \"List of Benefits Given by Insurance Company\" (p. 2), \"Topaz Reserves Trains for Terminal Leaves\" (p. 2), \"Seek Longshoremen to Handle War Material\" (p. 3), \"'Nihonjin Party' Held in Seattle, Washington\" (p. 3), \"San Francisco AFL Union Seeks Japanese Workers\" (p. 4), \"Hayano's Tofu Factory Opens in Minneapolis\" (p. 4).","extent":"1402W x 1917H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-125-383","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications -- Manzanar Free Press","id":"204"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","location":"Manzanar concentration camp, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"July 28, 1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-125-383-mezzanine-1628534721-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-44-196","model":"entity","index":"16 116/{'value': 143, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-44-196/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-44-196/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-44/ddr-csujad-44-196-mezzanine-49aa5696a2-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-44/ddr-csujad-44-196-mezzanine-49aa5696a2-a.jpg"},"title":"Scrapbook of the Monterey Peninsula Japanese American Citizens League","description":"Scrapbook of the Monterey Peninsula Japanese American Citizens League. Consists primarily of newspaper clippings from the Monterey Peninsula Herald and Pacific Citizen, the bulk of which pertain to social activities and charity benefits organized by the JACL, as well as the chapter's involvement in various community events, such as the annual Fourth of July parade. Also included is a black and white photograph of the JACL San Francisco chapter, and a souvenir program from the 1941 Northern California District Convention, which was held in Monterey. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: csumb_ms15_0195","extent":"1 volume (58 pages), 14 x 11 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-44-196","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens' League. Monterey Peninsula Chapter"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Monterey Bay","rights":"nocc","genre":"album","location":"Monterey, California","creation":"1938-1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens' League. Monterey Peninsula Chapter author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-44-196-mezzanine-49aa5696a2-a.jpg"},{"id":"952","model":"narrator","index":"17 117/{'value': 143, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/952/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/952/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-chi-1-1a_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-chi-1-1a_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/952/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kikuno Goi","bio":"Kibei Nisei couple. Kikuno was born in the United States, then moved to Japan with her family after her father passed away. In the lead up to World War II, her uncle sent Kikuno and her brother back to the United States, where they were raised in foster care in northern California. During World War II, Kikuno was sent with missionaries to the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Mitsuo was born in the United States and then sent to live with an uncle in Japan. He returned to the U.S. before World War II, then was sent to the Amache concentration camp, Colorado. The couple met in Chicago after the war."},{"id":"953","model":"narrator","index":"18 118/{'value': 143, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/953/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/953/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-chi-1-1b_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-chi-1-1b_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/953/interviews/"},"display_name":"Mitsuo Goi","bio":"Kibei Nisei couple. Kikuno was born in the United States, then moved to Japan with her family after her father passed away. In the lead up to World War II, her uncle sent Kikuno and her brother back to the United States, where they were raised in foster care in northern California. During World War II, Kikuno was sent with missionaries to the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Mitsuo was born in the United States and then sent to live with an uncle in Japan. He returned to the U.S. before World War II, then was sent to the Amache concentration camp, Colorado. The couple met in Chicago after the war."},{"id":"ddr-pc-31-46","model":"entity","index":"19 119/{'value': 143, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-31-46/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-31-46/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-31/ddr-pc-31-46-mezzanine-0d4f768900-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-31/ddr-pc-31-46-mezzanine-0d4f768900-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 49, No. 20 (November 13, 1959)","description":"Selected article titles: \"1960-70 Planning procedure outlined\" (p. 1), \"Anti-Nisei bias practiced by Maryland Beach resorts hit\" (p. 1), \"Japan farm laborers applaud treatment received at Oxnard\" (p. 1), \"Northern Californians in tribute to Rep. Inouye, tells $100-plate diners of Nisei war record\" (p. 3), \"Japan anxious to meet Nisei congressman, 'Go for Broke' demonstration expected\" (p. 3), \"JACL participates in Bay Area confab on housing discrimination tomorrow\" (p. 4), \"JACL-Japan policy recommendations regarding films, visitors announced\" (p. 8), \"90% of returning Japanese farm laborers recall days in California with pleasure\" (p. 8).","extent":"11W x 17H","links_children":"ddr-pc-31-46","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Tateoka, Ida"},{"namepart":"Hayamizu, Bob"},{"namepart":"Yamamoto, Tokuo"},{"namepart":"Sakamoto, Shig"},{"namepart":"Murayama, Tamotsu"},{"namepart":"Inagaki, George"},{"namepart":"Nagatani, James K."},{"namepart":"Satow, Masao"},{"namepart":"Satoda, Yone"},{"namepart":"Sakurada, Smoky H."},{"namepart":"Asami, Nobu"},{"namepart":"Takagi, Fred"},{"namepart":"Mori, Henry"},{"namepart":"Wakamatsu, Shig"},{"namepart":"Hanamoto, Jack"},{"namepart":"Tashiro, Benjamin M."},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"November 13, 1959","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League publisher Tateoka, Ida \nHayamizu, Bob \nYamamoto, Tokuo \nSakamoto, Shig \nMurayama, Tamotsu \nInagaki, George \nNagatani, James K. \nSatow, Masao \nSatoda, Yone \nSakurada, Smoky H. \nAsami, Nobu \nTakagi, Fred \nMori, Henry \nWakamatsu, Shig \nHanamoto, Jack \nTashiro, Benjamin M. \nMasaoka, Mike","download_large":"ddr-pc-31-46-mezzanine-0d4f768900-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-ajah-6-238","model":"entity","index":"20 120/{'value': 143, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-ajah-6-238/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-ajah-6-238/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-ajah-6/ddr-ajah-6-238-mezzanine-acc6342c88-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-ajah-6/ddr-ajah-6-238-mezzanine-acc6342c88-a.jpg"},"title":"Two men sitting on steps","description":"Caption below photo: Unknown Issei man (at left) with Matao Koga. Koga immigrated from Japan and lived in San Francisco, CA. He married Shigeko Iwaihara, of Alameda, CA., in 1939. He worked as a Benshi, a man who showed silent movies. Benshi in Japan were as much of an attraction as the stars of the film, and could draw a crowd to the theater on their own name. Koga became a Bensho in Northern California after a Benshi with a great reputation, Chonmage Namiemon, returned to Japan in early 1939. Namiemon could be the man at left.","extent":"Unknown","links_children":"ddr-ajah-6-238","format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Koga, Matao"},{"namepart":"Namiemon, Chonmage"}],"contributor":"Alameda Japanese American History Project","rights":"cc","genre":"photograph","location":"California","creation":"c. 1930's","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Koga, Matao \nNamiemon, Chonmage","download_large":"ddr-ajah-6-238-mezzanine-acc6342c88-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-44-102","model":"entity","index":"21 121/{'value': 143, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-44-102/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-44-102/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-44/ddr-csujad-44-102-mezzanine-1f4c5a7342-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-44/ddr-csujad-44-102-mezzanine-1f4c5a7342-a.jpg"},"title":"General meeting of the Monterey Peninsula Japanese American Citizens League, February 17, 1938","description":"Minutes of the Monterey Peninsula Japanese American Citizens League meeting. Includes reports on profits from recent benefit shows, donations, and a request from the national headquarters that the Monterey Peninsula JACL reconsider its decision to drop out of the national chapter. Members vote in favor of remaining a part of the National Council and the Northern California District Council. Discussion topics include the cost of dues, JACL's participation in the Soap Box Derby, donating to the Japanese Association for use of their hall for JACL meetings, and revisions to the Monterey Peninsula JACL constitution. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: csumb_ms15_0101","extent":"3 pages, 11 x 8.5 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-44-102","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens' League. Monterey Peninsula Chapter"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Monterey Bay","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Monterey, California","creation":"13928","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens' League. Monterey Peninsula Chapter author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-44-102-mezzanine-1f4c5a7342-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-65","model":"entity","index":"22 122/{'value': 143, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-65/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-65/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-npaul-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-npaul-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Paul Nagano Interview","description":"Sansei male. Born, June 17, 1920, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in \"Little Tokyo,\" and the Boyle Heights area. During World War II, was removed to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. Became ordained as a Baptist minister while incarcerated, ministering to fellow camp inmates and leading ecumenical worship services in camp. Left Poston to attend Bethel Theological Seminary in St Paul, Minnesota. Following the war, resettled in Los Angeles and established the Japanese Baptist Church, later renamed to Evergreen Baptist Church. Appointed the first director of Japanese Evangelical Missionary Society. Spent eight years as pastor of the Makiki Church in Honolulu. Returned to the mainland and earned his doctorate degree (D. Rel.) from the School of Theology, Claremont, California, authoring a thesis on Japanese American identity, ethnic pluralism, and Christianity. Spent fifteen years as Pastor as Japanese Baptist Church in Seattle, Washington. Taught at the American Baptist Seminary of the West, Berkeley, California, and served as Director of the Council for Pacific Asian Theology, Oakland, California. Presently, Minister-at-Large-Northern California Japanese American Church Federation.","extent":"01:36:37","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-65","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":64,"namepart":"Paul Nagano"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Stephen Fugita"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Becky Fukuda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"John Pai"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zr2p","namepart":"Nagano, Paul Makoto"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"May 25, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Paul Nagano narrator \nStephen Fugita interviewer \nBecky Fukuda interviewer \nJohn Pai videographer Nagano, Paul Makoto 88922nr015zr2p","download_large":"denshovh-npaul-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"211","model":"narrator","index":"23 123/{'value': 143, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/211/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/211/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ygeorge_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ygeorge_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/211/interviews/"},"display_name":"George Yamada","bio":"Nisei male. Born November 16, 1923, in Spokane, Washington. Spent childhood in downtown Spokane where parents ran the World Hotel. Father also worked as a mail handler for the Great Northern Railroad. Attended Lewis and Clark High School and Washington State University. During the war remembers seeing train cars pass through Spokane with Japanese Americans headed to Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. Drafted into the army in 1944 and served at the Military Intelligence Service Language School in Fort Snelling, Minnesota and Presidio, California. After World War II, worked as a chick sexer in upstate New York and surrounding region for thirty years. Returned to Spokane in the mid-1970s and pursued a career in real estate."},{"id":"ddr-chi-1-1","model":"entity","index":"24 124/{'value': 143, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-chi-1-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-chi-1-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-chi-1/ddr-chi-1-1-1-mezzanine-87bc67df89-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-chi-1/ddr-chi-1-1-1-mezzanine-87bc67df89-a.jpg"},"title":"Kikuno Goi - Mitsuo Goi Interview","description":"Kibei Nisei couple. Kikuno was born in the United States, then moved to Japan with her family after her father passed away. In the lead up to World War II, her uncle sent Kikuno and her brother back to the United States, where they were raised in foster care in northern California. During World War II, Kikuno was sent with missionaries to the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Mitsuo was born in the United States and then sent to live with an uncle in Japan. He returned to the U.S. before World War II, then was sent to the Amache concentration camp, Colorado. The couple met in Chicago after the war.","extent":"0:48:12","links_children":"ddr-chi-1-1","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":952,"namepart":"Kikuno Goi"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":953,"namepart":"Mitsuo Goi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Anna Takada"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Japanese American Service Committee (JASC) and Chicago Japanese American Historical Society (CJAHS)","rights":"nocc","genre":"interview","creation":"July 2, 2017","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kikuno Goi narrator \nMitsuo Goi narrator \nAnna Takada interviewer","download_large":"ddr-chi-1-1-1-mezzanine-87bc67df89-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Northern California","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}