{"total":6909,"limit":25,"offset":6850,"prev_offset":6825,"next_offset":6875,"page_size":25,"this_page":275,"num_this_page":25,"prev_api":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/search/?fulltext=Nisei&limit=25&offset=6825","next_api":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/search/?fulltext=Nisei&limit=25&offset=6875","objects":[{"id":"415","model":"narrator","index":"0 6850/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/415/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/415/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/sfrank.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/sfrank.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/415/interviews/"},"display_name":"Frank Sumida","bio":"Nisei male. Born August 10, 1925, in Chicago, Illinois. Grew up primarily in Los Angeles, California, where parents ran a restaurant. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, where he participating in running an organized gambling operation. Moved briefly to Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming, before being sent to Tule Lake, California, after signing the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire.\" Transferred to the Santa Fe Department of Justice internment camp, New Mexico. Upon wishes of parents, renounced U.S. citizenship and expatriated to Japan. Worked for the military government during the U.S. occupation of Japan. Eventually regained U.S. citizenship and returned to the United States."},{"id":"425","model":"narrator","index":"1 6851/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/425/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/425/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ysumiko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ysumiko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/425/interviews/"},"display_name":"Sumiko M. Yamamoto","bio":"Nisei female. Born May 12, 1925, in Spreckels, California. Moved frequently with family as a child, eventually settling in Gilroy, California. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to the Salinas Assembly Center, California, and the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. Following father's desire to repatriate to Japan, transferred to Tule Lake concentration camp, California, when it was designated a segregation center. Joined, the Joshidan, a subgroup of the Hoshidan, a pro-Japanese group in Tule Lake. Expatriated to Japan with family, and worked for the U.S. military government in Fukuoka. Remained in Japan until the 1970s, eventually regaining U.S. citizenship and moving to Sacramento, California."},{"id":"455","model":"narrator","index":"2 6852/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/455/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/455/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hfred_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hfred_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/455/interviews/"},"display_name":"Fred Y. Hoshiyama","bio":"Nisei male. Born December 7, 1914, in Livingston, California, where parents helped to establish a farming community called the Yamato Colony. Lost father at a young age, and moved to San Francisco, California, before World War II, and attended Berkeley. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, was removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. While in camp, worked to organize YMCA programs for Japanese American youths. Left camp early to attend Springfield College in Massachusetts. Began a lifelong career with the YMCA, notably developing NYPUM (National Youth Program Using Mini-Bikes), a program aimed at engaging high-risk youth in productive activities."},{"id":"486","model":"narrator","index":"3 6853/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/486/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/486/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/osusumu.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/osusumu.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/486/interviews/"},"display_name":"Susumu Oshima","bio":"Nisei male. Born August 15, 1926, in Kainaliu-Kona, Hawaii. Grew up in Kona, where parents established a successful dry goods store, barber shop, and taxi service. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, father was immediately arrested by the FBI and held in the Kilauea Military Camp on the Big Island of Hawaii. During the war, father was transferred to Fort Sill internment camp, Oklahoma, where he was shot and killed by a camp guard. Susumu was drafted into the military in 1945, and he served as an interpreter in the Philippines and Japan. After the war, returned to Kona and resumed running the family's store."},{"id":"506","model":"narrator","index":"4 6854/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/506/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/506/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kbruce.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kbruce.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/506/interviews/"},"display_name":"Bruce T. Kaji","bio":"Nisei male. Born May 9, 1926, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in Los Angeles and was in high school when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. During the war, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. Left camp to attend Morningside College in Sioux City, Iowa, then was inducted into the army. Joined the Military Intelligence Service and served in Japan during the U.S. occupation as an interpreter for the war crimes trials. Returned to Los Angeles and established Merit Savings Bank, later becoming involved in the redevelopment of Little Tokyo. Mr. Kaji is one of the key founders of the Japanese American National Museum in Los Angeles."},{"id":"557","model":"narrator","index":"5 6855/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/557/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/557/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tpaul_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tpaul_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/557/interviews/"},"display_name":"Paul Takagi","bio":"Nisei male. Born May 3, 1923, in Auburn, California. Grew up in the Sacramento Valley, where parents ran a farm. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. Worked as a hospital orderly in camp. Forced to sit with a young man who had been shot during the \"Manzanar Riot,\" and quit job as an orderly as a result of this incident. Served in the Military Intelligence Service. Left camp and attended the University of Illinois for a time, then moved to Berkeley to complete school. While a professor at Berkeley, published numerous findings, including studies regarding police use of deadly force."},{"id":"567","model":"narrator","index":"6 6856/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/567/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/567/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ymorgan.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ymorgan.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/567/interviews/"},"display_name":"K. Morgan Yamanaka","bio":"Nisei male. Born April 14, 1924, in San Francisco, California. Went to Japan with family at a very young age before returning to San Francisco. During World War II, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. Answered \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire\" and transferred to Tule Lake concentration camp, California. While in Tule Lake, was placed with brother and father in the stockade for several months. Renounced U.S. citizenship, but did not expatriate to Japan. Left camp and lived in New York briefly before eventually returning to San Francisco, becoming a professor at San Francisco State University."},{"id":"594","model":"narrator","index":"7 6857/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/594/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/594/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/iart_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/iart_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/594/interviews/"},"display_name":"Art Ishida","bio":"Nisei male. Born June 2, 1921, in Fresno, California. Grew up in the Gardena area of Los Angeles, California, before moving to Japan with parents in 1929 and returning to California in the 1930s. During World War II, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Gave a qualified answer on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire and was transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Moved briefly to the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho, before being released from camp and living in Chicago, Illinois. Drafted into the military and served in Korea as an interpreter for the Military Intelligence Service. Eventually returned to California."},{"id":"665","model":"narrator","index":"8 6858/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/665/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/665/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/uyoshihiro.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/uyoshihiro.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/665/interviews/"},"display_name":"Yoshihiro Uchida","bio":"Nisei male. Born April 1, 1920, in Calexico, California. Grew up in the Orange County area. Drafted into the army during World War II, while family was removed to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. Father and brothers were all transferred to Department of Justice camps, and eventually went to Japan. After military service, Mr. Uchida returned to California and lived in San Jose. He earned his black belt in judo as a teenager, and after the war, was head of the judo program at San Jose State for over sixty years. Was instrumental in helping judo become nationally recognized in the U.S. as well as an official Olympic sport."},{"id":"952","model":"narrator","index":"9 6859/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/952/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/952/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-chi-1-1a_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-chi-1-1a_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/952/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kikuno Goi","bio":"Kibei Nisei couple. Kikuno was born in the United States, then moved to Japan with her family after her father passed away. In the lead up to World War II, her uncle sent Kikuno and her brother back to the United States, where they were raised in foster care in northern California. During World War II, Kikuno was sent with missionaries to the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Mitsuo was born in the United States and then sent to live with an uncle in Japan. He returned to the U.S. before World War II, then was sent to the Amache concentration camp, Colorado. The couple met in Chicago after the war."},{"id":"953","model":"narrator","index":"10 6860/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/953/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/953/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-chi-1-1b_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-chi-1-1b_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/953/interviews/"},"display_name":"Mitsuo Goi","bio":"Kibei Nisei couple. Kikuno was born in the United States, then moved to Japan with her family after her father passed away. In the lead up to World War II, her uncle sent Kikuno and her brother back to the United States, where they were raised in foster care in northern California. During World War II, Kikuno was sent with missionaries to the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Mitsuo was born in the United States and then sent to live with an uncle in Japan. He returned to the U.S. before World War II, then was sent to the Amache concentration camp, Colorado. The couple met in Chicago after the war."},{"id":"979","model":"narrator","index":"11 6861/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/979/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/979/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-ajah-1-3_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-ajah-1-3_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/979/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kenji Tomita","bio":"Nisei male. Born August 25, 1924, in Alameda, California. Grew up in Alameda, where father ran a food wholesaling business. Was in high school when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. Left Topaz on student leave to attend the University of Cincinnati. Drafted into the military in 1944, and served with the Military Intelligence Service in Japan. After discharge, returned to the Bay Area, graduated from college with a business degree, and worked for the Department of Public Health. Longtime volunteer with the Japanese American Services of the East Bay."},{"id":"13","model":"narrator","index":"12 6862/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/13/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/13/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hjunkoh.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hjunkoh.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/13/interviews/"},"display_name":"Junkoh Harui","bio":"Nisei male. Born June 23, 1933, in Bainbridge Island, Washington. His family built and operated Bainbridge Gardens, 27 acres of meticulously landscaped property, with a nursery, grocery store and gas station. At the onset of World War II, family moved to Moses Lake to avoid being incarcerated where they farmed and lived amidst a fairly hostile larger community. Following the war, they returned to Bainbridge Island to find most of their business and property ruined from neglect and pilfering. His parents worked to rebuild it, while Mr. Harui began his own floral shop and landscape business. Eventually, Mr. Harui returned to Bainbridge Gardens and helped restore it to a thriving nursery and testimony to his family's perseverance."},{"id":"141","model":"narrator","index":"13 6863/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/141/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/141/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/uharry.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/uharry.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/141/interviews/"},"display_name":"Harry Ueno","bio":"Nisei male. Born April 14, 1907, in Pauilo, Hawaii. Lived in Japan from 1915 to 1923, and settled on the mainland upon his return to the United States. Was married in 1930, and was removed along with family to Manzanar concentration camp, California, during World War II. While in Manzanar, organized the Mess Hall Workers Union. Accused of beating up a suspected government informant and was placed in jail, sparking the so-called \"Manzanar Riot.\" Was moved to various jails and the Citizen Isolation Centers Leupp, Arizona, and Moab, Utah, before being reunited with his family in Tule Lake Segregation Center. After release from camp, moved to the Santa Clara Valley, raised three children, and became a farmer."},{"id":"211","model":"narrator","index":"14 6864/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/211/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/211/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ygeorge_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ygeorge_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/211/interviews/"},"display_name":"George Yamada","bio":"Nisei male. Born November 16, 1923, in Spokane, Washington. Spent childhood in downtown Spokane where parents ran the World Hotel. Father also worked as a mail handler for the Great Northern Railroad. Attended Lewis and Clark High School and Washington State University. During the war remembers seeing train cars pass through Spokane with Japanese Americans headed to Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. Drafted into the army in 1944 and served at the Military Intelligence Service Language School in Fort Snelling, Minnesota and Presidio, California. After World War II, worked as a chick sexer in upstate New York and surrounding region for thirty years. Returned to Spokane in the mid-1970s and pursued a career in real estate."},{"id":"322","model":"narrator","index":"15 6865/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/322/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/322/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/eroy.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/eroy.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/322/interviews/"},"display_name":"Roy Ebihara","bio":"Nisei male. Born January 11, 1934, in Clovis, New Mexico, where father worked for the Santa Fe Railroad. On January 19, 1942, officials rounded up all of the Japanese Americans in Clovis and removed them from the town without warning in the middle of the night in response to an angry mob of townspeople who were threatening the Japanese Americans. They were taken to an unused former CCC camp, Old Raton Ranch, where they were held under guard until the end of 1942. Mr. Ebihara and his family were then transferred to the Topaz concentration camp, Utah, and then resettled in Cleveland, Ohio. Remained in Ohio and established a successful optometry practice."},{"id":"429","model":"narrator","index":"16 6866/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/429/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/429/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tjim.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tjim.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/429/interviews/"},"display_name":"Jim M. Tanimoto","bio":"Nisei male. Born June 3, 1923, in Marysville, California. Grew up in Marysville, California, eventually moving to Gridley, California. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, removed with family to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Refused to sign the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire,\" and was removed with most other young men in Tule Lake's Block 42 to a former CCC camp in Tulelake, California. Still refused to sign the questionnaire, but was returned to Tule Lake after WRA officials concluded he had been influenced by older group members. Family was released early and returned to their home in Gridley in February of 1944. After the war, became a successful farmer growing kiwi fruit in Gridley."},{"id":"887","model":"narrator","index":"17 6867/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/887/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/887/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/asakaye.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/asakaye.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/887/interviews/"},"display_name":"Sakaye Aratani","bio":"Nisei female. Born December 11, 1919, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in Gardena, where parents ran a chicken farm. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, moved temporarily to live with family in Reedley, California, then was removed to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. While on a visit to a different camp, Sakaye met her future husband, George Aratani, and they married in Minneapolis, Minnesota, while George was serving in the Military Intelligence Service. After leaving camp, Sakaye and George returned to Los Angeles and raised a family. Sakaye was a founding member of the Montebello Japanese Women's Club, and was also one of the first women to serve on the board of the Sumitomo Bank of California."},{"id":"982","model":"narrator","index":"18 6868/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/982/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/982/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-493_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-493_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/982/interviews/"},"display_name":"Hannah Hirabayashi","bio":"Nisei-Sansei female. Born 1938 in Seattle, Washington. Grew up in the town of Christopher, now part of Auburn, Washington, where parents ran a grocery store. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, father was arrested by the FBI and sent to the Fort Missoula internment camp, Montana. The rest of the family went to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, then volunteered to help set up the Tule Lake concentration camp, California, then transferred to the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. After leaving camp, lived for a short time in Spokane, Washington, before moving to Seattle. Grew up in Seattle, attending Catholic school and eventually becoming a teacher in the Catholic school system."},{"id":"92","model":"narrator","index":"19 6869/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/92/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/92/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/trudy.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/trudy.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/92/interviews/"},"display_name":"Rudy Tokiwa","bio":"Nisei male. Born July 7, 1925, near San Jose. Grew up in Salinas, California, until he went to Japan at the age of thirteen. Studied in Japan until about 1939. Incarcerated at the Salinas Assembly Center, California, and Poston concentration camp, Arizona. Volunteered out of camp to serve in the U.S. military. Fought in Europe as a battalion runner for the all-Japanese American 442nd Regimental Combat Team. Single-handedly captured a group of German officers, fought in the famous \"Battle of the Lost Battalion,\" and was present at the liberation of Bruyeres. Was recruited to lobby Congress for passage of the 1988 Civil Liberties Act as a representative for Nikkei veterans, and proved invaluable in garnering support among particularly resistant members of Congress."},{"id":"139","model":"narrator","index":"20 6870/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/139/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/139/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/khiroshi.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/khiroshi.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/139/interviews/"},"display_name":"Hiroshi Kashiwagi","bio":"Nisei male. Born November 8, 1922, in Sacramento, California. Spent childhood and adolescence in Loomis, California, before spending senior year in high school in Los Angeles, California. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to Marysville Assembly Center, California, and then to Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Resisted the draft and renounced U.S. citizenship, remaining with family in Tule Lake when it was designated a \"segregation center.\" Left camp to attend college in California. Working with Wayne Collins after World War II, was able to get U.S. citizenship reinstated in the 1950s. Worked for the San Francisco public library post-World War II. A playwright and actor, Mr. Kashiwagi has performed in many stage productions and has written several plays, including Laughter and False Teeth and Betrayed."},{"id":"149","model":"narrator","index":"21 6871/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/149/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/149/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/sart.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/sart.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/149/interviews/"},"display_name":"Art Shibayama","bio":"Nisei male. Born June 6, 1930, in Callao, Peru. Grew up in Peru, raised by both parents and grandparents. During World War II, taken with parents to the United States on a U.S. troop transport ship. Lived in the Crystal City internment camp, Texas, until family moved to work at Seabrook, New Jersey, a produce work company camp. Drafted into the army in the 1950s, even though considered an illegal alien, and served in Germany. Raised a family in Chicago, Illinois, and San Jose, California after military discharge. In recent years, attended several pilgrimages to Tule Lake concentration camp, California, as well as reunions of Japanese Peruvians. Involved in the Campaign for Justice, an effort to obtain redress for Japanese Latin Americans."},{"id":"155","model":"narrator","index":"22 6872/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/155/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/155/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kdave.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kdave.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/155/interviews/"},"display_name":"Dave Kawamoto","bio":"Nisei male. Born December 16, 1916, in Cupertino, California. Attended San Jose State College, where he was an NCAA wrestling champion. Immediately after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, tried to enlist in the U.S. Air Corps, but was refused on account of his Japanese ancestry. Was one semester short of earning a business degree when he was removed with his family to the Pomona Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. Was one of the Heart Mountain resisters of conscience, and stood trial in Cheyenne, Wyoming, for resisting the draft in 1944. After World War II, went into civil service and a fruit-selling business. Mr. Kawamoto passed away in 1993, and was posthumously awarded his business degree from San Jose State."},{"id":"172","model":"narrator","index":"23 6873/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/172/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/172/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/krichard.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/krichard.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/172/interviews/"},"display_name":"Richard Kosaki","bio":"Nisei male. Born September 14, 1924, in Waikiki, Hawaii. Attended McKinley High School, where he was student body president, just prior to the bombing of Pearl Harbor in 1941. Served as a language instructor for the U.S. Military Intelligence Service during World War II, and was stationed in Japan during the U.S. occupation. Earned PhD in the 1950s before taking a position at the University of Hawaii at Manoa as an assistant professor. Worked in Washington, D.C., on Lyndon Johnson's presidential campaign. Was instrumental in establishing Hawaii's system of community colleges, notably the Hawaii Tokai International College. Dr. Kosaki is currently the Chancellor Emeritus of the University of Hawaii at Manoa, and is a senior consultant for the Japanese American National Museum's International Nikkei Research Project."},{"id":"178","model":"narrator","index":"24 6874/{'value': 6909, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/178/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/178/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/atom.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/atom.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/178/interviews/"},"display_name":"Tom Akashi","bio":"Nisei male. Born June 7, 1929, in Merced, California. Grew up in Mount Eden, California, and was removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Incarcerated at the Topaz concentration camp in Utah, then moved to Tule Lake concentration camp after family volunteered to move to Japan. While at Tule Lake, joined a pro-Japan organization created by father, the Sokoku Kenkyu Seinen Dan, (Young Men's Association for the Study of the Motherland). Renounced U.S. citizenship and expatriated to Japan with parents and siblings in 1945. Lived and worked in Japan until 1948, when returned to the United States. Author of Betrayed Trust: The Story of a Deported Issei and His American-Born Family During WWII, published in 2004."}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Nisei","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}