This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:03:20","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-21-7","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":163,"namepart":"Ben Kuroki"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":169,"namepart":"Shige Kuroki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","geography":[{"term":"Nebraska","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7007525\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Camarillio, California","creation":"January 31, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ben Kuroki narrator \nShige Kuroki narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-kben_g-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-475","model":"entity","index":"14 89/{'value': 120, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-475/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-475/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-475-1-mezzanine-e3d9dfe8e2-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-475-1-mezzanine-e3d9dfe8e2-a.jpg"},"title":"Hisaji Q. Sakai Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born February 28, 1925, in San Francisco, California. Grew up in San Francisco, where parents had a grocery store business. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, moved to Iowa to attend college and avoid the mass incarceration. Attended college in Nebraska and Michigan. Drafted into the Military Intelligence Service and served in Japan during the U.S. occupation. Returned to the San Francisco area and established a career as a radiologist.","extent":"2:23:25","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-475","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":921,"namepart":"Hisaji Q. Sakai"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Patricia Wakida"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Kealani Kitaura"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Walnut Creek, California","creation":"12-Apr-19","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hisaji Q. Sakai narrator \nPatricia Wakida interviewer \nKealani Kitaura videographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1000-475-1-mezzanine-e3d9dfe8e2-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-97-114","model":"entity","index":"15 90/{'value': 120, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-97-114/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-97-114/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-97/ddr-densho-97-114-mezzanine-68f6c5abc3-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-97/ddr-densho-97-114-mezzanine-68f6c5abc3-a.jpg"},"title":"Heart Mountain Sentinel Vol. II No. 6 (February 6, 1943)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Army, WRA Registration Starts\" (p. 1), \"Push 'Wholesale' Relocation Plan; Recruiting Team Slates Meetings\" (p. 1), \"Forward Step: An Editorial\" (p. 1), \"60 Evacuees Enjoying Fruits of Relocation in Nebraska\" (p. 2), \"Segregation of Manzanar Rioters Told\" (p. 2), \"Despite Imprisonment, Kanai Defends Democratic Ideals\" (p. 6), \"JACL Leader Volunteers for Service in Army\" (p. 6), \"Shortages Slow School Building\" (p. 6), \"15 Tots Sing in Off-Key as First Kindergarten Class Opens Here\" (p. 8).","extent":"1416W x 2049H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-97-114","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications -- Heart Mountain Sentinel","id":"175"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","location":"Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"February 6, 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-97-114-mezzanine-68f6c5abc3-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-468","model":"collection","index":"16 91/{'value': 120, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-468/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-468/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-468/ddr-densho-468-457-mezzanine-6ad8be6b50-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-468/ddr-densho-468-457-mezzanine-6ad8be6b50-a.jpg"},"title":"Joseph Ishikawa Collection","description":"The Joseph Ishikawa collection, c.1942-2012, consists of the personal papers of Joseph Bunichi Ishikawa. Contained are unfinished drafts of stories and poems, correspondence, photograph albums, newspaper clippings, essays, diary entries, and other documents pertaining to Ishikawa’s life before, during, and after World War II. Also included are correspondence and newspaper clippings relating to Ishikawa’s work on desegregating the Lincoln, Nebraska, municipal swimming pool as well as Ishikawa’s career as the director for the Des Moines Art Center, Sioux Falls Art Center, Theodore Lyman Art Center, and Kresge Art Museum.","extent":"2 scrapbooks, 1 box of papers and 1 folder of papers","links_children":"ddr-densho-468","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi"}],"language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","public":"1","rights":"cc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi author","download_large":"ddr-densho-468-457-mezzanine-6ad8be6b50-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-150-52","model":"entity","index":"17 92/{'value': 120, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-150-52/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-150-52/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-150/ddr-densho-150-52-mezzanine-aca5cb2533-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-150/ddr-densho-150-52-mezzanine-aca5cb2533-a.jpg"},"title":"Colorado Times Vol. 31, No. 4338 (July 19, 1945)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Intolerance-American Vintage: U.S. Army Publication -- Third Recon. Group Coverage Florence, Italy -- June 23, 1945\"; \"Anderson Scores Anti-Nisei Firms\"; \"Ten Japanese Aliens Returned to Hawaii\"; \"ACLU Renews Appeal to Navy to Lift Nisei Ban. Baldwin Contends Police Was by Field Officers\"; \"Tofu Factory Set Up in Minn.\"; \"'Relocated Evacuees Muse Sell 'Will to Relocate' to Those Still in Centers,' Says Myer\"; \"Lawyers Guild Attacks Kenny on Japanese Issue\"; \"Seattle Japanese Leaps to Death\"; \"Donahue New WRA Officer for Nebraska.\"","extent":"1484W x 2112H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-150-52","format":"doc","language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","creation":"July 19, 1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-150-52-mezzanine-aca5cb2533-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-468-121","model":"entity","index":"18 93/{'value': 120, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-468-121/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-468-121/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-468/ddr-densho-468-121-mezzanine-206f297b6f-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-468/ddr-densho-468-121-mezzanine-206f297b6f-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Joseph Conard to Joseph Ishikawa","description":"Request for WRA Form #26","extent":"8.5W x 11H","links_children":"ddr-densho-468-121","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Conard, Joseph W."},{"role":"author","namepart":"King, Trudy"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- Student leave","id":"102"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi"},{"namepart":"Conard, Joseph W."},{"namepart":"National Japanese American Student Relocation Council"},{"namepart":"University of Nebraska"},{"namepart":"King, Trudy"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Berkeley, California","facility":[{"term":"Granada (Amache)","id":"4"}],"creation":"September 23, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Conard, Joseph W. author \nKing, Trudy author Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi \nConard, Joseph W. \nNational Japanese American Student Relocation Council \nUniversity of Nebraska \nKing, Trudy","download_large":"ddr-densho-468-121-mezzanine-206f297b6f-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-148-43","model":"entity","index":"19 94/{'value': 120, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-148-43/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-148-43/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-148/ddr-densho-148-43-mezzanine-6c36135c6d-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-148/ddr-densho-148-43-mezzanine-6c36135c6d-a.jpg"},"title":"Rocky Shimpo Vol. 11, No. 110 (September 13, 1944)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Mexicans Want to Intern Them\"; \"Say No Place to Send 170 T.B. Patients\"; \"On the Other Hand\"; \"Realty Chief's View Hit by Newspaper\"; \"Express Shipment Permission is Granted\"; \"Supply of Attorneys Exhausted for Trial\"; \"Grinding Noise and Roaring 105's\"; \"Criticism Met and Solved in Nebraska\"; \"Over Two Hundred New Recruits Arrive\"; \"Fulbright Wants All Evacuees to Leave\"; \"Four Tuleans are Sentenced\"; \"Want Ads\"; \"'You Can't Legislate Social Equality'\"; \"Kansas Evacuees Hold Gathering; 83 There\"; \"Negation of Idea Hit by Justice Murphy.\"","extent":"1530W x 2096H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-148-43","format":"doc","language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","creation":"September 13, 1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-148-43-mezzanine-6c36135c6d-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-468-236","model":"entity","index":"20 95/{'value': 120, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-468-236/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-468-236/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-468/ddr-densho-468-236-mezzanine-e89d857ed9-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-468/ddr-densho-468-236-mezzanine-e89d857ed9-a.jpg"},"title":"Draft: The University as Tastemaker","description":"Typed draft of essay on the role of university galleries and museums in the proliferation and trade of art (later printed in The Palette 1957-1958 issue)","extent":"8.5W x 11H","links_children":"ddr-densho-468-236","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi"}],"topics":[{"term":"Arts and literature -- Literary arts -- Nonfiction","id":"244"},{"term":"Arts and literature -- Visual arts -- Painting","id":"265"},{"term":"Arts and literature -- Visual arts -- Sculpture","id":"269"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi"},{"namepart":"ARTS Magazine"},{"namepart":"Kramer, Hilton"},{"namepart":"Art News"},{"namepart":"Art In America"},{"namepart":"Kazin, Alfred"},{"namepart":"Bell, Clive"},{"namepart":"Illinois Biennial"},{"namepart":"University of Nebraska"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"manuscript","creation":"May 1957- February 1958","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi author Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi \nARTS Magazine \nKramer, Hilton \nArt News \nArt In America \nKazin, Alfred \nBell, Clive \nIllinois Biennial \nUniversity of Nebraska","download_large":"ddr-densho-468-236-mezzanine-e89d857ed9-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-21","model":"entity","index":"21 96/{'value': 120, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-21/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-21/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kben_g-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kben_g-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Ben Kuroki - Shige Kuroki Interview","description":"Ben Kuroki, Nisei male. Born May 16, 1917, in Hershey, Nebraska. Admitted to the Army Air Corps and flew thirty missions in Europe in a B-24 as a tailgunner and top turret gunner. Earned two Distinguished Flying Crosses and was acclaimed as the first Nisei war hero. Spoke at Heart Mountain, Wyoming, and two other camps in order to help encourage draft recruitment. Subpoenaed as a witness in the conspiracy trial of Heart Mountain's Fair Play Committee leaders. Later became the only Nisei to service in active combat with the Air Corps in the Pacific Theater, and flew twenty-eight additional missions over Japan. After World War II, became the first Japanese American editor of a general newspaper in Nebraska, and later edited newspapers in suburban Michigan and Southern California.
(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"01:22:47","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-21","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":163,"namepart":"Ben Kuroki"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":169,"namepart":"Shige Kuroki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Camarillio, California","creation":"January 31, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ben Kuroki narrator \nShige Kuroki narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-kben_g-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-148-131","model":"entity","index":"22 97/{'value': 120, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-148-131/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-148-131/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-148/ddr-densho-148-131-mezzanine-ccb70fc422-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-148/ddr-densho-148-131-mezzanine-ccb70fc422-a.jpg"},"title":"Rocky Shimpo Vol. 12, No. 42 (April 6, 1945)","description":"Selected article titles: \"List Japanese American Soldier War Casualties\"; \"On the Other Hand\"; \"Pin-Up Girls to be Judged by Soldiers\"; \"Tear Down Nipponese Flag in Los Angeles\"; \"Nisei Nurse Fulfills Wish to Join Army U.S.\"; \"Resettlement Aide Named on East Coast\"; \"Answer: Plain Kindness for Returning Niseis\"; \"Make Strong Appeal to Common Sense in Book\"; \"Want Ads Today\"; \"Two Kinds of Resettlement Stories. Resettler in Los Angeles Turns Table on Erratic Writer of Threatening Letters\"; \"Nebraska Community Explains Ouster Move as One Designed to Prevent Migration\"; \"Administrators are Being Trained\"; \"Turns Down Proposal.\"","extent":"1650W x 2190H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-148-131","format":"doc","language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","creation":"April 6, 1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-148-131-mezzanine-ccb70fc422-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-150-8","model":"entity","index":"23 98/{'value': 120, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-150-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-150-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-150/ddr-densho-150-8-mezzanine-576843f304-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-150/ddr-densho-150-8-mezzanine-576843f304-a.jpg"},"title":"Colorado Times Vol. 31, No. 4295 (April 10, 1945)","description":"Selected article titles: \"WRA Agents Berated at Mass Meet in Shelton, Nebraska. Shelton Residents Oppose Japanese Colony\"; \"Nisei on Iwo Jima\"; \"Nisei Girl Helps Yanks on Okinawa\"; \"Flood of Japanese to West Coast Feared\"; \"The Christian Century: Canada Threatens Its Nisei Citizens\"; \"Cornelians to Meet Thursday, April 12\"; \"Nisei Spearhead Drive on Italian Front\"; \"WRA Will Lend Furnishings to West Coast Hostels\"; \"Boycott Returning Japanese. Washington Groups Instill Fear in the Nisei\"; \"Cleveland Nisei Donate $90 to Red Cross Drive\"; \"237 Nisei Attend 'Get Acquainted' Meet in Detroit, Michigan.\"","extent":"1512W x 2148H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-150-8","format":"doc","language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","creation":"April 10, 1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-150-8-mezzanine-576843f304-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-156-269","model":"entity","index":"24 99/{'value': 120, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-156-269/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-156-269/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-156/ddr-densho-156-269-mezzanine-e3acd98ee7-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-156/ddr-densho-156-269-mezzanine-e3acd98ee7-a.jpg"},"title":"Daily Press Review, Vol. VI, No. 5","description":"Article titles: \"Mexican Workers Arrive on Coast\"; \"969 Jap Evacuees Labor on Colorado and Nebraska Crops\"; \"FBI Searches 20,000 Homes\"; \"Marriage Was Invalid\"; \"Japanese Sentenced for Leaving Assembly Center\"; \"Jap Captives Ask to Join U.S. Airforce\"; \"Pro Nazis Deserve to Lose U.S. Citizenship\"; \"Mayor Stewart Raps Sale of Milk to Japs\"; \"Farm Labor Shortage Magnified by Demand for Harvest Workers\"; \"Store Closing at Aid Picking\"; \"Contests Won by Japanese\"; \"Status of Italian Aliens Here May be Settled Monday\"; \"Letters to Editors\"; \"Relocation Ranch\"; \"Navy Wants 'Phi Betes' to Study Japanese\"; \"Italy's Bondage.\"","extent":"2348W x 3080H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-156-269","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","creation":"October 16, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-156-269-mezzanine-e3acd98ee7-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Nebraska","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}