(This interview was conducted as part of a project to capture stories of the Japanese American community of Spokane, Washington. Densho worked in collaboration with the Northwest Museum of Arts and Culture.)","extent":"04:21:24","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-190","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":215,"namepart":"Fred Shiosaki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Spokane, Washington","creation":"April 26 & 27, 2006","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Fred Shiosaki narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-sfred-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-320","model":"entity","index":"3 2478/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-320/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-320/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-iyutaka-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-iyutaka-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Yutaka Inokuchi Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born August 25, 1924, in Waipahu, Hawaii. Grew up on the Waipahu sugar plantation where parents worked. Was attending Mid-Pacific Institute in Honolulu when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Father was picked up by the FBI and eventually interned in the Honouliuli POW camp. Mr. Inokuchi got a job in the Honouliuli camp where he could visit his father. After the war, worked for the Honolulu Board of Water Supply.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:00:29","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-320","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":550,"namepart":"Yutaka Inokuchi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Honolulu, Hawaii","creation":"March 3, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yutaka Inokuchi narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-iyutaka-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-165","model":"entity","index":"4 2479/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-165/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-165/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-khiroshi-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-khiroshi-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Hiroshi Kashiwagi Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born November 8, 1922, in Sacramento, California. Spent childhood and adolescence in Loomis, California, before spending senior year in high school in Los Angeles, California. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to Marysville Assembly Center, California, and then to Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Resisted the draft and renounced U.S. citizenship, remaining with family in Tule Lake when it was designated a \"segregation center.\" Left camp to attend college in California. Working with Wayne Collins after World War II, was able to get U.S. citizenship reinstated in the 1950s. Worked for the San Francisco public library post-World War II. A playwright and actor, Mr. Kashiwagi has performed in many stage productions and has written several plays, including Laughter and False Teeth and Betrayed.","extent":"03:28:22","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-165","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":139,"namepart":"Hiroshi Kashiwagi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Steve Colgrove"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zs3m","namepart":"Kashiwagi, Hiroshi Ned"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Klamath Falls, Oregon","creation":"July 3, 2004","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hiroshi Kashiwagi narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nSteve Colgrove videographer Kashiwagi, Hiroshi Ned 88922nr015zs3m","download_large":"denshovh-khiroshi-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1002-4","model":"entity","index":"5 2480/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1002-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1002-4/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-khiroshi-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-khiroshi-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Hiroshi Kashiwagi Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born November 8, 1922, in Sacramento, California. Spent childhood and adolescence in Loomis, California, before spending senior year in high school in Los Angeles, California. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to Marysville Assembly Center, California, and then to Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Resisted the draft and renounced U.S. citizenship, remaining with family in Tule Lake when it was designated a \"segregation center.\" Left camp to attend college in California. Working with Wayne Collins after World War II, was able to get U.S. citizenship reinstated in the 1950s. Worked for the San Francisco public library post-World War II. A playwright and actor, Mr. Kashiwagi has performed in many stage productions and has written several plays, including Laughter and False Teeth and Betrayed.","extent":"01:34:06","links_children":"ddr-densho-1002-4","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":139,"namepart":"Hiroshi Kashiwagi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Chizu Omori"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Emiko Omori"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Emiko Omori and Witt Mons"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zs3m","namepart":"Kashiwagi, Hiroshi Ned"}],"contributor":"Emiko and Chizuko Omori Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"October 1, 1992","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hiroshi Kashiwagi narrator \nChizu Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori and Witt Mons videographer Kashiwagi, Hiroshi Ned 88922nr015zs3m","download_large":"denshovh-khiroshi-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-1-333","model":"entity","index":"6 2481/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-1-333/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-1-333/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-1/ddr-one-1-333-mezzanine-f6bad59c54-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-1/ddr-one-1-333-mezzanine-f6bad59c54-a.jpg"},"title":"Buddhist Convention","description":"Black and white photographic negative of large crowd of Buddhists gathered outside Collin's Field House in Seattle, Washington for a Buddhist convention. Reverends seated in front row from left to right: Reverend Seiji Kobara from Seattle, Reverend Shoko Masunaga, Reverend Akira Jotetsu Ono, Reverend Tatsuya Ichikawa, Reverend Bishop Kenryu Tsuji, Reverend Eiyu Terao from Spokane, Reverend Zenkai Okayama from Portland, unidentified, and Reverend Sunya Pratt from Tacoma. Crowd: far left first row: Mr. Kimura, far left third row: Nobi Yamasaki, and Ted Taniguchi, far left fifth row second in: Terumitsu Kanno, front row right side from right to left: unidentified, Mrs. Kazuya Toyoji, Yasashi Ichikawa, Yasuko Ota, and Yasashi Ichikawa; second row right side second from the right: Yasuko Ota, Joyce (Toshi) Nakamura, and Jack Matsui.","extent":"2.5W x 2.5H","links_children":"ddr-one-1-333","creators":[{"role":"photographer","namepart":"Hirahara, Frank"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Oregon -- Portland","id":"289"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"},{"term":"Community activities -- Conventions and conferences","id":"299"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Japanese American identity","id":"47"},{"term":"Religion and churches -- Buddhism","id":"395"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- \"Resettlement\"","id":"104"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- Returning home","id":"106"}],"format":"img","contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon; Portland, Oregon","rights":"cc","genre":"photograph","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"02/29/1952-03/02/1952","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hirahara, Frank photographer","download_large":"ddr-one-1-333-mezzanine-f6bad59c54-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-356-208","model":"entity","index":"7 2482/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-356-208/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-356-208/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-356/ddr-densho-356-208-mezzanine-221e50e929-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-356/ddr-densho-356-208-mezzanine-221e50e929-a.jpg"},"title":"Envelope to K. Domoto with letters to Wakako Domoto from Toichi Domoto and Peter Milan","description":"Envelope addressed to Mr. K. Domoto (Kanetaro) postmarked Osaka, Japan 24.12.15 on the front and postmarked Oakland, California 1/14/1916 on the back. Stored inside the envelope were two letters to Wakako \"Wak\" Domoto. The first letter is from Peter Milan dated 1/28/1944, and discusses locating Domoto family items, Kaneji's hunt on the East Coast for a job and home, Frank Nonaka's business (which Peter Milan also looked after), the negative support for Japanese Americans possible return to the Bay Area, and his work. Letter two is from Toichi \"Niich\" Domoto dated 1/16/1944. The letter discusses locating Domoto family items at their home in California, business at work, sending along photographs of their father, updated addresses for mutual contacts, and family updates.","extent":"envelope: 9.25W x 4.125H; letter: 8.5W x 11H; letter 2: 8W x 10.5H","links_children":"ddr-densho-356-208","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Milan, Peter"},{"role":"author","namepart":"Domoto, Toichi"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Support from the non-Japanese American community","id":"80"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Milan, Peter"},{"namepart":"Domoto, Toichi"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"California","creation":"1/16/1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Milan, Peter author \nDomoto, Toichi author Milan, Peter \nDomoto, Toichi","download_large":"ddr-densho-356-208-mezzanine-221e50e929-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-jamsj-1-130","model":"entity","index":"8 2483/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-jamsj-1-130/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-jamsj-1-130/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-jamsj-1/ddr-jamsj-1-130-mezzanine-78d109c722-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-jamsj-1/ddr-jamsj-1-130-mezzanine-78d109c722-a.jpg"},"title":"Some of the Delegates From San Jose- Nob, Harry, Fred, John, Yone, Kay, Herman, Sat, Myer, Harry, Akira, Kis, Tsugio, Mr. & Mrs. Massey, Geprge, Ben, Chet, Switch, Tubby, and Jack","description":"San Jose delegates attending Seventh Annual California Landscape Gardener's Convention held in Southern California.","extent":"5W X 7H","links_children":"ddr-jamsj-1-130","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"San Jose Landscape Gardeners Association"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities","id":"15"},{"term":"Community activities -- Conventions and conferences","id":"299"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"San Jose Landscape Gardeners Association (SJLGA)"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of San Jose","rights":"cc","genre":"photograph","creation":"1-Nov-63","status":"completed","search_hidden":"San Jose Landscape Gardeners Association author San Jose Landscape Gardeners Association (SJLGA)","download_large":"ddr-jamsj-1-130-mezzanine-78d109c722-a.jpg"},{"id":"121","model":"narrator","index":"9 2484/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/121/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/121/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/itsuguo.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/itsuguo.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/121/interviews/"},"display_name":"Tsuguo \"Ike\" Ikeda","bio":"Nisei male. Born August 15, 1924, in Portland, Oregon. Incarcerated at the North Portland Assembly Center and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Kept a diary beginning December, 1941, and through incarceration. Beginning as a teenager, was exceptionally active as a volunteer leader, first within a Japanese American church in Portland, later in camp with Federated Christian Church, school and service clubs, and throughout life.\r\n Graduated from Hunt High School and left Minidoka on indefinite work leave. Drafted in 1944; graduated from United States Military Intelligence Service Language School. After discharge, returned to Portland, Oregon, and graduated from college in 1949. One of the earliest Nisei to obtain Master of Social Work degree from University of Washington, 1951. Married, 1951, and had four children.\r\n Incarceration led him to resolve to work for social justice. In 1953, was one of the first Nisei hired as executive director of a nonprofit organization in the United States (outside the Japanese American community), and served at the Atlantic Street Center in Seattle for 33 years, leading its transformation from settlement house to social service agency. Worked to reduce racial discrimination. Promoted multi-racial, cross-cultural cooperation, equal opportunity and affirmative action in community, church, nonprofit, government and other arenas. Mentors and advises community members, including sharing a set of principles he developed based on values from his cultural heritage. Mr. Ikeda is the recipient of numerous awards, recognitions of service and honors for his professional and volunteer contributions to society."},{"id":"112","model":"narrator","index":"10 2485/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/112/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/112/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/blorraine.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/blorraine.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/112/interviews/"},"display_name":"Lorraine Bannai","bio":"Sansei female. Born 1955 in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in Gardena, California, surrounded by a large Japanese American community. Influenced by father's role in community and politics, and mother's emphasis on education. Attended University of California, Santa Barbara where she became increasingly aware of Japanese American history, issues of ethnic identity and racial inequality. Attended the University of San Francisco School of Law where she honed her commitment to political and social activism. Only a few years out of law school, she joined a team of lawyers working to reopen the Supreme Court's 1944 decision in Korematsu v. United States. Convicted of violating the exclusion order during World War II, Mr. Korematsu's case went all the way to the Supreme Court where the exclusion and incarceration of Japanese Americans was upheld as constitutional, based on the government's argument of \"military necessity.\" Through a petition for writ of error coram nobis (establishing that the case was premised on errors of fact withheld from the judge and the defense by the prosecution), the legal team reopened the case, provided evidence that the factual underpinnings to the exclusion orders were fraudulent, and successfully had the Korematsu conviction vacated, as well as a handful of other similar convictions. In this interview, Ms. Bannai discusses the coram nobis legal team, the support for the effort among the Japanese American community, and personal lessons gained from being a part of this effort."},{"id":"ddr-njpa-4-909","model":"entity","index":"11 2486/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-njpa-4-909/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-njpa-4-909/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-njpa-4/ddr-njpa-4-909-master-99f8b0bd09-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-njpa-4/ddr-njpa-4-909-master-99f8b0bd09-a.jpg"},"title":"Ikkaku Matsuzawa seated at a table with other men","description":"Caption on reverse [translation]: \"(Tokyo) May 31, 1937. The Oriental Athletic Society Extraordinary General Meeting will be held on June 3rd. However, the request for a postponement of the first championship series, planned to held next year, by the Philippines is causing a problem of whether it will be canceled or delayed and has made the meeting difficult. Therefore, the Japan Athletic Society's Oriental Committee planned to discover the Philippines' true opinion and attitude before attending the meeting. At 11:30 a.m. on the 30th, the committee secretary and committee member Matsuzawa visited the representative of the Philippines at Imperial Hotel and had a friendly talk with him over dinner. The picture shows 1, The meeting at Imperial Hotel (second from the right is Dr. [?], with Mr. Matsuzawa).\"","extent":"3W x 1.75H","links_children":"ddr-njpa-4-909","format":"img","language":["jpn"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Matsuzawa, Ikkaku"}],"contributor":"Hawaii Times Photo Archives Foundation","rights":"pcc","genre":"photograph","creation":"May-37","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Matsuzawa, Ikkaku","download_large":"ddr-njpa-4-909-master-99f8b0bd09-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-2-102","model":"entity","index":"12 2487/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-102/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-2-102/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-102-mezzanine-2d270fd653-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-102-mezzanine-2d270fd653-a.jpg"},"title":"Report of the informal meeting of the stockade internees and the Co-ordinating Committee of the Tule Lake Center","description":"Provides minutes of meeting requested by stockade incarcerees, listing the incarcerees, Co-ordinating Committee members, and others in attendance and presenting paraphrased text, identifying speakers by name. Topics addressed include incarcerees' difficulties in talking honestly; their understanding of conditions in the camp outside of the stockade; the work of the Co-ordinating Committee and of the Negotiating Committee; previous meetings; psychological impacts of long-time incarceration; and pleas for release of some individuals considered unfairly imprisoned in the stockade. This document is the same as the other one sharing its title (sjs_sch_0068), except for the handwritten text \"Mr. Mahart\" at the top of the first page. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0097","extent":"5 pages, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-2-102","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Akitsuki, Byron"},{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Co-ordinating Committee [1608-A]"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- War Relocation Authority (WRA)","id":"403"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Conflicts, intimidation, and violence","id":"162"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence","id":"94"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"San Jose State University Department of Special Collections and Archives","rights":"pcc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Newell, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"2/5/1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Akitsuki, Byron author \nCo-ordinating Committee [1608-A] publisher","download_large":"ddr-csujad-2-102-mezzanine-2d270fd653-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-10","model":"entity","index":"13 2488/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-10/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-10/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-10-mezzanine-66fe02b61a-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-10-mezzanine-66fe02b61a-a.jpg"},"title":"My future","description":"Term Paper by Hitoshi Yasuda for period 5 Social Problems class taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. Hitoshi opens by discussing the uncertainty he faces in his future, and the characteristics necessary to be successful. Before the war, he had hoped to go to college and get technical training in a specialized field. After the evacuation, he struggled with motivation, but has settled into a routine school during the week and a job on Saturday and Sunday for spending money. He concludes with the necessary steps to be successful in the future. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9010. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0010","extent":"10 pages, 10.5 x 8 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-10","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Yasuda, Hitoshi"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yasuda, Hitoshi author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-10-mezzanine-66fe02b61a-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-14","model":"entity","index":"14 2489/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-14/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-14/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-14-mezzanine-dd8c5cb00c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-14-mezzanine-dd8c5cb00c-a.jpg"},"title":"Future","description":"Term paper by Yoshio Kusayanagi for Social Problems class taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. Yoshio presents a very idealistic view of the needs for good individuals to overcome evil and injustice in the world. He highlights the need for everyone to do their part to win the war, by working their utmost, and producing the necessary components for a successful war. He mentions the consumerism of America versus the single-minded focus of Germany in preparing for war. If the war is lost, he says the future is over. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9014. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0014","extent":"8 pages, 10.5 x 8 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-14","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Kusayanagi, Yoshio"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kusayanagi, Yoshio author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-14-mezzanine-dd8c5cb00c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-21","model":"entity","index":"15 2490/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-21/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-21/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-21-mezzanine-d8412e99aa-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-21-mezzanine-d8412e99aa-a.jpg"},"title":"School assignment","description":"Assignment by Midori Kunitomi (first name missing due to torn upper right corner, determined via class roster) for Social Problems class taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. Kunitomi describes the United States as a melting pot of the world, where everyone has a equal chance and racial difference is not important. The first people came to America to live where they could do as they pleased and created a country where people have a say in their own future. However, racial prejudice on minorities exists, but this is not done by all. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9021. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0021","extent":"1 page, 10.5 x 8 inches, handwritten, damaged","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-21","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Kunitomi, Midori"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"},{"term":"Race and racism","id":"36"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1943-02","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kunitomi, Midori author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-21-mezzanine-d8412e99aa-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-13","model":"entity","index":"16 2491/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-13/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-13/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-13-mezzanine-0f154a8589-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-13-mezzanine-0f154a8589-a.jpg"},"title":"Term paper","description":"Term paper by Grace Yuhashi for period 5 Social Problems class taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. Grace has always wanted to become a secretary. She discusses the important qualities necessary to be successful including working well with their employer. She identifies the need to attend business school in order to fulfill her dream. However, when the war broke out, she realized she would need to fight racial prejudice to gain a good position. She no longer plans her future as completely, but hopes to go to Junior College. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9013. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0013","extent":"5 pages, 10.5 x 8 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-13","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Yuhashi, Grace"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yuhashi, Grace author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-13-mezzanine-0f154a8589-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-181","model":"entity","index":"17 2492/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-181/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-181/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-181-mezzanine-944c470672-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-181-mezzanine-944c470672-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Masao Okine to Dottie [Dorothy] Okine, May 10, 1946","description":"A letter from Masao Okine to his sister, Dorothy Okine. He writes from Tokyo, Japan, where he is stationed as a U.S. Army soldier. He asks Dorothy to send him cigarettes, candies, and gum. He sent the letter to her on April 23, 1946, however, it returned to Masao. He adds the notes, explaining why the letter was returned to him. It appears that Masao mailed the letter to Masao's wife, May Okine, in Chicago, Illinois, and she forwarded it to Dorothy Okine, addressing Mr. Seiichi Okine. The arrival date of the letter, May 27, 1946, is recorded on the backside of the envelope. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: oki_02_26_001","extent":"1 page, 7.25 x 5.5 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-181","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Okine, Masao"}],"topics":[{"term":"Japan -- Post-World War II","id":"165"},{"term":"Military service -- Postwar occupation of Japan","id":"199"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Military Intelligence Service","id":"91"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Tokyo, Japan","creation":"1946-04-23; 1946-05-10;","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Okine, Masao author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-181-mezzanine-944c470672-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-njpa-1-759","model":"entity","index":"18 2493/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-njpa-1-759/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-njpa-1-759/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-njpa-1/ddr-njpa-1-759-mezzanine-4384e609f0-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-njpa-1/ddr-njpa-1-759-mezzanine-4384e609f0-a.jpg"},"title":"Helen Keller and Polly Thomson meeting with Senjuro Hayashi in Japan","description":"Caption on reverse [translation]: \"Ms. Helen Keller has Discussion with Prime Minister Hayashi with her 'Heart's Eye.' (Tokyo) April 17, 1937. Helen Keller, the 'saint of three burdens,' visited the foreign ministry, home ministry, and imperial household ministry on the morning of the 17th. Accompanied by her secretary Ms. Thomson, Iwahashi Takeo, and others, she visited Prime Minister and Minister of Education Hayashi at 10:40 a.m. at the prime minister's residence. After exchanging a firm handshake with the minister, who was waiting in his office, Ms. Keller, making use of her 'heart's eye' in the place of her unseeing eyes, had a moving discussion with him for about 20 minutes through three-layered interpreting via Ms. Thomson's hands and English and Mr. Iwahashi's English. Photograph: 1. Ms. Keller visiting Prime Minister Hayashi.\"","extent":"6W x 3H","links_children":"ddr-njpa-1-759","format":"img","language":["jpn"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Keller, Helen"},{"namepart":"Thomson, Polly"},{"namepart":"Hayashi, Senjuro"}],"contributor":"Hawai'i Times Photo Archives Foundation","rights":"pcc","genre":"photograph","location":"Tokyo, Japan","creation":"Apr. 1937","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Keller, Helen \nThomson, Polly \nHayashi, Senjuro","download_large":"ddr-njpa-1-759-mezzanine-4384e609f0-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-493-7","model":"entity","index":"19 2494/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-493-7/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-493-7/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-493/ddr-densho-493-7-mezzanine-392317344b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-493/ddr-densho-493-7-mezzanine-392317344b-a.jpg"},"title":"Supreme Court of Washington ruling on James Faucett's estate","description":"Ruling of the Supreme Court of Washington, in which the majority states that \"Clearly, Mr. Faucett was not mentally and physically capable August 16, 1927, of making a will\" and concludes that \"The judgment is reversed and the cause remanded with directions to set the will aside.\" Majority opinion authored by Judge Millard, signed by judges Mitchell, Fullerton, Beals, Main, and Holcomb. Also included is a minority dissent authored by Judge Tolman and signed by Judge Parker. \"It is a well known fact that the most honest witness, when his sympathies are aroused and when aided by even a slight tincture of race prejudice, is prone to exaggerate. If allowance be made for these human failings, it is at once apparent that the evidence does not preponderate against the findings of the trial court.\"","extent":"8.5W x 13H","links_children":"ddr-densho-493-7","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Supreme Court of Washington"}],"topics":[{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Law and legislation -- Alien land laws","id":"516"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Law and legislation -- Legal cases","id":"341"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Faucett, James E."},{"nr_id":"88922/nr014f286","namepart":"Itabashi, Buichiro \"Johnny\""},{"namepart":"Hodge, Emma Adeline"},{"namepart":"Stewart, Nancy Hunter"},{"namepart":"Morissey, Emma"},{"namepart":"Pickett, May"},{"namepart":"Webb, Agnes Marie"},{"namepart":"Donahoe, Walter A."},{"nr_id":"88922/nr003dg1g","namepart":"Itabashi, Tomio"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr015z81x","namepart":"Nishimura, Frances (Itabashi)"},{"namepart":"Beeler, Adam"},{"namepart":"Dobrin, Edward G."},{"namepart":"Bogle, Bogle & Gates"},{"namepart":"Reed, John F."},{"namepart":"Thompson, R.H."},{"namepart":"Neely, Aaron S."},{"namepart":"Merritt, Frank D."},{"namepart":"Sicade, Henry"},{"namepart":"Caples, John"},{"namepart":"Gorman, J.P."},{"namepart":"McDonald, W.W."},{"namepart":"Evans, Timothy"},{"namepart":"Fukuhara, H.K."},{"namepart":"Pitman, Margaret"},{"namepart":"McNary, Anna \"Annie\""},{"namepart":"Joslyn, J.P."},{"namepart":"Burson, William E."},{"namepart":"Endres, Michael"},{"namepart":"Hoffman, C.B."},{"namepart":"Brandt, W.H."},{"namepart":"Merritt, Frank D."},{"namepart":"Wilt, Frank T."},{"namepart":"Nicholson, D.A."}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"January 9, 1931","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Supreme Court of Washington author Faucett, James E. \nItabashi, Buichiro \"Johnny\" 88922nr014f286\nHodge, Emma Adeline \nStewart, Nancy Hunter \nMorissey, Emma \nPickett, May \nWebb, Agnes Marie \nDonahoe, Walter A. \nItabashi, Tomio 88922nr003dg1g\nNishimura, Frances (Itabashi) 88922nr015z81x\nBeeler, Adam \nDobrin, Edward G. \nBogle, Bogle & Gates \nReed, John F. \nThompson, R.H. \nNeely, Aaron S. \nMerritt, Frank D. \nSicade, Henry \nCaples, John \nGorman, J.P. \nMcDonald, W.W. \nEvans, Timothy \nFukuhara, H.K. \nPitman, Margaret \nMcNary, Anna \"Annie\" \nJoslyn, J.P. \nBurson, William E. \nEndres, Michael \nHoffman, C.B. \nBrandt, W.H. \nMerritt, Frank D. \nWilt, Frank T. \nNicholson, D.A.","download_large":"ddr-densho-493-7-mezzanine-392317344b-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-151-347","model":"entity","index":"20 2495/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-151-347/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-151-347/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-347-mezzanine-cf6d095078-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-347-mezzanine-cf6d095078-a.jpg"},"title":"Japanese Americans waiting in mess hall line","description":"Original caption: San Bruno, California. \"Supper time\" Meal times are the big events of the day at assembly centers. This is a line-up of evacuees waiting for the \"B\" shift at 5:45 pm. They carry with them their own dishes and cutlery in bags to protect them from the dust. They, themselves, individually wash their own dishes after each meal because dish washing facilities in the mess halls proved inadequate. Most of the residents prefer this second shift because sometimes they get second helpings, but the shifts are rotated each week. There are eighteen mess halls that togther accomodate 8,000 persons for three meals a day. All food is prepared and served by evacuees. The poster seen in the background advertises the candidacy of Mr. Suzuki for this precinct.","links_children":"ddr-densho-151-347","creators":[{"role":"photographer","namepart":"Lange, Dorothea"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"206"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"photograph","location":"Tanforan Assembly Center, California","facility":[{"term":"Tanforan","id":"15"}],"creation":"16-Jun-42","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Lange, Dorothea photographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-151-347-mezzanine-cf6d095078-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38-3","model":"entity","index":"21 2496/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-3-mezzanine-1a5261de31-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-3-mezzanine-1a5261de31-a.jpg"},"title":"George Naohara's handwritten annotation","description":"English translation of handwritten annotation from \"George Naohara photo album\" (csudh_nao_0001), page 5: When I went to the Manzanar camp in California, late Hiromu Sasaki took me to Maryknoll School, which was a Japanese language school located on Alameda Blvd, Los Angeles, California. I remember I packed my birth certificate, clothes, and other necessities into my suitcase. Because of the outbreak of the war, I was sent to the camp. I was convoyed from Maryknoll School to Union Station and directed to a train. I do not remember how many hours I was riding on the train. On the way, they gave me a large box. There was enough food for lunch, including oranges. The train arrived at the Manzanar camp. I saw military police from the train. I was instructed to stay in the train and wait until called. I was called. I received two blankets. The staff guided me to the assigned room. I do not remember how many people were there but maybe five to six people were Kibei young men. I was introduced to them and placed my luggage on my assigned cotton bed. On the first day, the wind grew strong. The windows in barracks were not covered with glass, and the sandy dust came in through the windows. I swept the floor to remove the dust. I saw an unfamiliar young man talking to someone outside. I learned that Dr. Shimizu was also incarcerated in the Manzanar camp. I entered a school in the camp, and later I learned that the school was operated by Dr. Shimizu. There were only Kibei young men in my room. They spoke in Japanese. I learned that they attended the Maryknoll School. Mr. Oshita was one of the Kibei young men and was sent from Marysville to the camp. Mr. Oshita and I were fluent in English and Japanese, and I remember we were asked to perform Kanichi and Omiya which was a play based on a love story written by Koyo Ozaki. I played a female role, Omiya, and Mr. Oshita acted Kanichi. The play was fun and people liked it very much. I went to work every day, climbing up a hill by truck and digging a 10 x 10 hole for trash. Two to three months later, I went to work for thinning sugar beets which paid one dollar per hour. My destination was Idaho. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: nao_01_005","extent":"1 page, 8 x 8.75 inches, handwritten; black and white","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38-3","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Kibei","id":"45"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- Work leave","id":"103"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"status":"completed","search_hidden":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014 author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-3-mezzanine-1a5261de31-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-12-24","model":"entity","index":"22 2497/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-12-24/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-12-24/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-12/ddr-csujad-12-24-mezzanine-9b535a3915-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-12/ddr-csujad-12-24-mezzanine-9b535a3915-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from R. R. Best, Project Director, and Lionel Perkins, Business Enterprises Adviser United States Department of the Interior War Relocation Authority to Mr. Ivan Williams Department of Justice, December 5, 1945","description":"This official correspondence confirms that Tsugitada Kanamori had worked at the Tule Lake incarceration camp for 6.5 months and had earned a total of $131.86 as of November 30, 1945. Issued by R.R. Best, Project Director and Lionel Perkins, Business Enterprises Adviser United States Department of the Interior War Relocation Authority. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: tsu_01_07_005","extent":"1 sheet, 11 x 8.5 inches, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-12-24","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Best, R.R."},{"role":"author","namepart":"Perkins, Lionel"},{"role":"author","namepart":"United States. War Relocation Authority"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Work and jobs","id":"76"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Newell, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"12/5/1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Best, R.R. author \nPerkins, Lionel author \nUnited States. War Relocation Authority author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-12-24-mezzanine-9b535a3915-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-njpa-4-831","model":"entity","index":"23 2498/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-njpa-4-831/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-njpa-4-831/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-njpa-4/ddr-njpa-4-831-master-fd6cb49f85-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-njpa-4/ddr-njpa-4-831-master-fd6cb49f85-a.jpg"},"title":"Otohiko Matsukata waving at Tokyo Station","description":"Caption on reverse [translation]: \"Japan-America goodwill mission representative Otohiko Matsukata arrived in America. To move past the diplomatic crisis of 1935-1936, Foreign Minister Hirota is preparing to mend friendship between Japan and America. As one part of this plan, the ambassador to America and others suggested Hirota send Otohiko Matsukata, who graduated from Harvard University with President Roosevelt and had a close relationship with the President, who still asks after him sometimes, to America. Kentaro Kaneko, who has power in American diplomatic circles, also urged the Foreign Minister [?] to send Matsukata to America. Matsukata, who has been lying low in Hayama for seven years since the economic panic of 1927, left for America on the 12th on the Esha-go, which departed from Yokohama Bay. The picture shows (1) Mr. Matsukata at Tokyo Station.\"","extent":"1.5W x 2H","links_children":"ddr-njpa-4-831","format":"img","language":["jpn"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Matsukata, Otohiko"}],"contributor":"Hawaii Times Photo Archives Foundation","rights":"pcc","genre":"photograph","location":"Tokyo, Japan","creation":"c. 1934","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Matsukata, Otohiko","download_large":"ddr-njpa-4-831-master-fd6cb49f85-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-3-71","model":"entity","index":"24 2499/{'value': 2577, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-3-71/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-3-71/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-3/ddr-one-3-71-master-f54fe8cbc6-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-3/ddr-one-3-71-master-f54fe8cbc6-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from James Albert \"Al\" Johnson to Miyuki \"Kay\" Kida","description":"Letter and envelope from James Albert \"Al\" Johnson to Miyuki \"Kay\" Kida in Nyssa, Oregon, dated February 9, 1944. Reassures Kay that George will not be drafted if he is \"a little lame\" when he visits the doctor. Advises Kay to go ahead with George's plan for early potatoes and perhaps late potatoes too. Sympathizes with Kay's long trip. Says that he heard from Mr. Reeves and that he thinks everything will be all right. Advises Kay to not take in Mrs. Pyatt as white people can not stay in the evacuation centers. Also tells her to be careful as Sarah \"Sade\" Pyatt's friends and family are trying to get her discharged from the hospital and sent to the Kida's home in Nyssa. Asks Kay to put George's name on the return address because his help is nosy.","extent":"1 envelope: 6.25 W x 3.125 H; 1 letter: 8 W x 10 H","links_children":"ddr-one-3-71","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Johnson, James Albert \"Al\""}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Oregon","id":"284"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington","id":"290"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- Work leave -- Permanent agricultural work leave","id":"420"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Draft resistance","id":"95"},{"term":"World War II -- Support from the non-Japanese American community","id":"80"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon; Portland, Oregon","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"White Salmon, Washington","creation":"2/9/1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Johnson, James Albert \"Al\" author","download_large":"ddr-one-3-71-master-f54fe8cbc6-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Mr.","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}