{"total":689,"limit":25,"offset":675,"prev_offset":650,"next_offset":null,"page_size":25,"this_page":28,"num_this_page":14,"prev_api":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/search/?fulltext=Manzanar concentration camp&limit=25&offset=650","next_api":"","objects":[{"id":"239","model":"narrator","index":"0 675/{'value': 689, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/239/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/239/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/thikoji.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/thikoji.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/239/interviews/"},"display_name":"Hikoji Takeuchi","bio":"Nisei male. Born December 18, 1921, in Los Angeles, California. Parents owned and operated a restaurant. Father passed away prior to the onset of World War II, so mother was responsible for preparing the family to move to camp. Removed to Manzanar concentration camp, California, and in 1942, was shot by a military police officer while picking up scrap lumber. Renounced U.S. citizenship and expatriated to Japan where he worked for six years before returning to California."},{"id":"572","model":"narrator","index":"1 676/{'value': 689, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/572/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/572/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yrichard_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yrichard_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/572/interviews/"},"display_name":"Richard E. Yamashiro","bio":"Nisei male. Born February 13, 1929, in Seattle, Washington. Grew up in Hollywood, California, and was living there when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor in 1941. Removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. Parents signed \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire\" and the family was transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California, then designated as a segregation center. From Tule Lake, expatriated to Japan and moved there with family. Eventually came back to the U.S., joined the Military Intelligence Service, and returned to Japan for military service."},{"id":"652","model":"narrator","index":"2 677/{'value': 689, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/652/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/652/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hgrace_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hgrace_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/652/interviews/"},"display_name":"Grace Hata","bio":"Nisei female. Born December 5, 1930, in Gardena, California. Grew up in Gardena where parents ran a restaurant. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, father was arrested and taken away by the FBI. During mass removal, family was sent to the Manzanar concentration camp, California, and reunited with father. Following the Leave Clearance questionnaire in 1943, family transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California, and then repatriated to Japan. Grace lived and worked in Japan for a year and a half before returning to California, finishing school, and becoming a nurse."},{"id":"616","model":"narrator","index":"3 678/{'value': 689, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/616/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/616/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mkiyo_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mkiyo_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/616/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kiyo Maruyama","bio":"Nisei male. Born August 28, 1920, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in the Glendale area, where father ran a gardening business. Was in college at UC Berkeley when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. Left camp to work in Chicago. Drafted into the army and served with the Military Intelligence Service in Japan. Returned to California and started an accounting firm. Became involved in many community organizations in Los Angeles."},{"id":"552","model":"narrator","index":"4 679/{'value': 689, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/552/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/552/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mjohn.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mjohn.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/552/interviews/"},"display_name":"John Kats Marumoto","bio":"Nisei male. Born June 24, 1927, in Terminal Island, California. Grew up on Terminal Island, where father was a fisherman. Lived in Japan for a short time in 1941. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, moved to Compton after the Japanese Americans were excluded from Terminal Island. Removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, worked on a fishing boat in Mexico. Drafted into the military in the 1950s and served in Japan. After the war, returned to California."},{"id":"381","model":"narrator","index":"5 680/{'value': 689, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/381/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/381/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nhenry_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nhenry_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/381/interviews/"},"display_name":"Henry Nishi","bio":"Nisei male. Born March 20, 1919, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in several cities in California, where father owned and operated several nurseries and a landscaping business. Attended University of California at Davis prior to World War II. During the war, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California, where, along with a group of friends, established a nursery business. Served in the Military Intelligence Service in Japan before returning to Los Angeles."},{"id":"18","model":"narrator","index":"6 681/{'value': 689, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/18/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/18/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/haiko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/haiko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/18/interviews/"},"display_name":"Aiko Herzig-Yoshinaga","bio":"Nisei female. Born August 5, 1924, in Sacramento, California. Grew up in Sacramento and Los Angeles. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California, and transferred to the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Washington representative and researcher for National Council for Japanese American Redress (NCJAR) and primary archival researcher for the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC), and the three coram nobis cases. Consultant to the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History exhibition. \"A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the United States Constitution\"; and consultant for the Justice Department's Office of Redress Administration."},{"id":"484","model":"narrator","index":"7 682/{'value': 689, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/484/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/484/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mjim.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mjim.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/484/interviews/"},"display_name":"Jim Matsuoka","bio":"Nisei male. Born July 27, 1935, in Los Angeles, Califonia. Grew up in Los Angeles' Little Tokyo neighborhood prior to World War II. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed with family to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, returned to Los Angeles and attended school. Became involved in gang activity in L.A. in the 1950s. Served in the military from 1958 to 1960. Active in community social service organizations in Little Tokyo, and was one of the integral players in the redress movement."},{"id":"277","model":"narrator","index":"8 683/{'value': 689, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/277/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/277/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/otakayo.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/otakayo.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/277/interviews/"},"display_name":"Rose Matsui Ochi","bio":"Nisei female. Born December 15, 1938, in Los Angeles, California. As a child, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Rohwer concentration camp, Arkansas. Following World War II, became a teacher and then went to law school. In 1974, worked for Los Angeles Mayor Bradley as a legislative research coordinator and eventually executive assistant to the mayor, heading up the Criminal Justice office. Served as the pro-bono lawyer for the Manzanar Committee and was instrumental in the site's establishment and development."},{"id":"506","model":"narrator","index":"9 684/{'value': 689, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/506/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/506/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kbruce.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kbruce.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/506/interviews/"},"display_name":"Bruce T. Kaji","bio":"Nisei male. Born May 9, 1926, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in Los Angeles and was in high school when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. During the war, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. Left camp to attend Morningside College in Sioux City, Iowa, then was inducted into the army. Joined the Military Intelligence Service and served in Japan during the U.S. occupation as an interpreter for the war crimes trials. Returned to Los Angeles and established Merit Savings Bank, later becoming involved in the redevelopment of Little Tokyo. Mr. Kaji is one of the key founders of the Japanese American National Museum in Los Angeles."},{"id":"414","model":"narrator","index":"10 685/{'value': 689, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/414/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/414/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/scedrick.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/scedrick.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/414/interviews/"},"display_name":"Cedrick M. Shimo","bio":"Nisei male. Born October 1, 1919, in Heber, California, in the Imperial Valley. Grew up in Boyle Heights. Received draft notice one day after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, and joined the Military Intelligence Service. After being denied furlough to visit his mother in Manzanar concentration camp, refused to serve overseas with his unit. Was placed in the 1800 Engineering Battalion, made up of Japanese, German and Italian Americans considered \"suspect\" by the U.S. government. After World War II, became the vice president of the export division for Honda, dedicating much of his time to promoting better trade relations between the U.S. and Japan."},{"id":"898","model":"narrator","index":"11 686/{'value': 689, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/898/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/898/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-450_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-450_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/898/interviews/"},"display_name":"Alan Nishio","bio":"Sansei male. Born August 9, 1945, at the Manzanar concentration camp, California, where his parents were incarcerated during World War II. Grew up in the Venice area of California, and became increasingly politically active while attending the University of California, Berkeley, during the Free Speech Movement during the late 1960s. Earned a master's degree at the University of Southern California, then helped to found the UCLA Asian American Studies Center. Became an administrator at California State University, Long Beach, eventually advancing to the position of Associate Vice President, Student Services. Became a community activist in Los Angeles and helped to form several important community organizations such as the Little Tokyo People's Rights Organization and the Little Tokyo Service Center."},{"id":"105","model":"narrator","index":"12 687/{'value': 689, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/105/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/105/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/wwalt.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/wwalt.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/105/interviews/"},"display_name":"Walt Woodward","bio":"White male. Born February 25, 1910, in Seattle, Washington. Co-publisher (with his wife Milly) and editor of the newspaper, The Bainbridge Review, from 1935-1963. During World War II, The Bainbridge Review was the sole newspaper on the West Coast to continuously speak out against the mass removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, primarily through Woodward's editorials. He also published a weekly article about life in camp written by various Bainbridge Islanders incarcerated at Manzanar and Minidoka concentration camps, allowing the Japanese Americans to continue to have a voice in the Bainbridge Island community. In 1998 was honored by his newspapering peers with the Washington Newspaper Publishers Association, Freedom's Light award in recognition of unwavering practice of the First Amendment."},{"id":"123","model":"narrator","index":"13 688/{'value': 689, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/123/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/123/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/bpaul.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/bpaul.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/123/interviews/"},"display_name":"Paul Bannai","bio":"Nisei male. Born July 4, 1920, in Delta, Colorado. Grew up in small mining and farming towns in Colorado, Utah and Arizona, until his family moved to Boyle Heights in the Los Angeles, California area. After graduating from high school, he tested discrimination and employment practices and eventually succeeded in obtaining a job at a bank. During World War II, his family was held in Manzanar concentration camp, California. Mr. Bannai joined the 442nd Regimental Combat Team, and was later transferred to the U.S. Military Intelligence Service. He served in New Guinea and elsewhere overseas, was an interpreter for the Allied Translator and Interpreter Service (ATIS), and interpreted at the surrender of Japanese forces at ceremonies in Indonesia. Married and eventually resettled in Gardena, California, where he worked in the floral industry before founding the Bannai Realty and Insurance Company. An extremely active community and civic volunteer, Mr. Bannai joined the Elks Club as well as many veterans' and other organizations. He was elected to the Gardena city council in 1972, and in 1973 was elected to the California State Legislature. In 1980, Mr. Bannai became the executive director of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC). In 1981, he was appointed chief director of the Memorial Affairs Department of the Veterans Administration by President Ronald Reagan."}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Manzanar concentration camp","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}