(As a teenager prior to World War II, began keeping scrapbooks with newspaper articles and memorabilia, a lifetime habit.)","extent":"01:13:49","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-124","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":121,"namepart":"Tsuguo \"Ike\" Ikeda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zs1n","namepart":"Ikeda, Tsuguo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"October 6, 2000","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tsuguo \"Ike\" Ikeda narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Ikeda, Tsuguo 88922nr015zs1n","download_large":"denshovh-itsuguo-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-29-55-1","model":"segment","index":"1 2101/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-29-55-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-29-55-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-29/ddr-csujad-29-55-1-mezzanine-30e1871bdc-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-29/ddr-csujad-29-55-1-mezzanine-30e1871bdc-a.jpg"},"title":"An Oral History with Norman Y. Mineta - Segment 1","description":"Japanese American congressman, representing the Thirteenth Congressional District of California, born and raised in San Jose, California, discusses his early life, graduation from the University of California, Berkeley, and receiving a commission and serving in the armed forces from 1953-1956. Recalls the removal, \"relocation,\" and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp, Wyoming, from 1942-1943; his family's move to the Chicago area for father's employment; and the return to the West Coast. This oral history was conducted for the Japanese American Oral History Project, Oral History Program, CSU Fullerton; interview was conducted by Duff Griffith. Audio is found in item: csufccop_jaoh_0009. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: 1328_F01","extent":"0:45:42","links_children":"ddr-csujad-29-55-1","creators":[{"role":"narrator","id":320,"namepart":"Norman Mineta"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Griffith, Duff"},{"role":"publisher","namepart":"California State University, Fullerton. Center for Oral and Public History"}],"topics":[{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Politics","id":"235"},{"term":"Education -- Higher education","id":"34"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Wyoming","id":"508"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- San Jose","id":"274"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Illinois -- Chicago","id":"279"},{"term":"Military service -- Post-World War II service","id":"297"},{"term":"Reflections on the past","id":"118"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"},{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\")","id":"57"},{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers","id":"61"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship","id":"1"},{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath","id":"48"},{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\") -- Preparation","id":"189"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Living conditions","id":"67"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Food","id":"68"},{"term":"World War II -- Japanese American Citizens League activities","id":"400"},{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- Conflicts, intimidation, and violence","id":"404"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Politics","id":"235"},{"term":"Race and racism","id":"36"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"Reflections on the past","id":"118"},{"term":"Reflections on the past","id":"118"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- Work leave","id":"103"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp","id":"101"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil liberties -- Internal Security Act, 1950","id":"473"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"CSU Fullerton Center for Oral and Public History","rights":"nocc","genre":"interview","location":"San Jose, California","creation":"2/10/1975","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Norman Mineta narrator \nGriffith, Duff interviewer \nCalifornia State University, Fullerton. Center for Oral and Public History publisher","download_large":"ddr-csujad-29-55-1-mezzanine-30e1871bdc-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1024-17","model":"entity","index":"2 2102/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1024-17/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1024-17/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1024/ddr-densho-1024-17-mezzanine-8f213b2ab6-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1024/ddr-densho-1024-17-mezzanine-8f213b2ab6-a.jpg"},"title":"Japanese Relocation","description":"Narr. by Milton S. Eisenhower, director of the War Relocation Authority. An historical record of the transfer of Japanese residents from the Pacific Coast to the American Interior as carried out the the U.S. Army and the War Relocation Authority. 100,000 people of Japanese ancestry, two-thirds of them American citizens. Special attention given to possibility of sabotage & espionage.\\n\"Japanese themselves cheerfully handled the enormous paperwork involved.\" Alludes to the auctioning of personal property by government agencies and businessmen, saying that it \"often involved financial sacrifice for the evacuees.\" Narration says that evacuees \"cooperated wholeheartedly,\" noting that \"the many loyal among them felt that this was a sacrifice that they could make in behalf of America's war effort.\"\\nBus and private car caravans, shopkeepers' stores, homes, restaurants, fishing boats are shown. Temporary quarters were in \"assembly centers,\" at race tracks , and fair grounds. San Anita (sp.?) race track , a community of 17,000.\\nDepicts camp life: cafeteria, church services, nursery schools, people engaged in war-related work (making camouflage nets for army). Building new quarters in the desert for the final movement to the relocation camps. Smiling Japanese people being carted off on trains. Medical facilities, Americanization classes, schools, internal government, barracks-style housing, irrigation projects in desert.\\nSome evacuees were \"permitted\" to become fieldhands in sugar beet fields under appropriate safeguards. Describes the goal of the relocation as achieved when \"all adult hands\" are engaged in \"productive work on public land or in private employment.\" And when \"the disloyal have left this country for good.\"\\nRelocation seen as a humane act \"setting the standard for the rest of the world in the treatment of people who may have loyalties to an enemy nation, protecting ourselves without violating the principles of Christian decency.\"\r\n\r\nSee this item in the Digital Library of the Japanese American Incarceration Films at: https://archive.org/details/0042_Japanese_Relocation_18_00_50_00.","extent":"00:09:32","links_children":"ddr-densho-1024-17","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"U.S. Office of War Information"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\")","id":"57"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"motion_picture","creation":"1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"U.S. Office of War Information publisher","download_large":"ddr-densho-1024-17-mezzanine-8f213b2ab6-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-42","model":"collection","index":"3 2103/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-42/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-42/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-42/ddr-csujad-42-1-mezzanine-982158bfc9-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-42/ddr-csujad-42-1-mezzanine-982158bfc9-a.jpg"},"title":"CSU Dominguez Hills Takano Family Papers","description":"The Takano Family Papers contains materials from members of the Takano Family in Los Angeles, California, including Issei immigrants, Itsuhei and Tomoyo Takano and Kumaji and Tsuruno Meguro, and their Nisei children, Fumio Fred and Yoneko Takano. The papers covers from prewar through post-war, including the period of the forced evacuation and incarceration during the war and the redress movement in 1980s. The papers consists of correspondence, photographs, camp newspapers, yearbooks and other documents. Noted are photographs depicting the Japanese American community in Colorado in 1930s, including photos of Japanese Young People’s Christian members and schoolchildren and staff of a Japanese school and public schools. There are also documents regarding a real property in Los Angeles, California, which Fumio Fred Takano purchased in 1938, and his legal documents and letters present his efforts to protect the property during the war with the support of his non-Japanese American friend. Included are also letters depicting his struggles to be granted the indefinite leave permit from the Gila River incarceration camp in Arizona, as a consequence of his answers to “loyalty questions, no. 27 and 28.” In addition, the Issei parents’ letters describe their experiences, detailing the trip from the Pomona Assembly Center to the Heart Mountain incarceration camp in Wyoming, camp life and living conditions, and returning to California after the war.","extent":"1.66 linear feet","links_children":"ddr-csujad-42","language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","public":"1","rights":"nocc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-42-1-mezzanine-982158bfc9-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-316","model":"collection","index":"4 2104/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-316/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-316/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-316/ddr-densho-316-411-mezzanine-70048dffcc-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-316/ddr-densho-316-411-mezzanine-70048dffcc-a.jpg"},"title":"Sakahara and Tanaka Families Collection","description":"Acc 1: A family photograph album documenting the Sakahara and Tanaka families' pre-World War II life on Vashon Island and other areas of Washington State. \r\n\r\nAcc 2: Three photo albums contain photos of the Sakahara and Tanaka families at home in Vashon and Tacoma areas, travels around the Northwest, photos, clippings and correspondence related to the marriage of Yasuo Dan Sakahara and Pauline Tanaka.\r\n\r\nThe Tanakas were farmers on Vashon Island between 1916 and 1940. Hatsuguma Tanaka was buried on Vashon Island in 1940. Hatsuguma's wife Momoye later married Sam Torakichi Migita and moved to Wapato, Washington. Hatsuguma and Momoye's daughter, Pauline Tanaka married Dan Sakahara. The Sakaharas grew loganberries, strawberries, currants, and cherries on 69 acres of Vashon Island farmland which is now part of the Island Center Forest. The Migitas and the Sakaharas were incarcerated at the Tule Lake concentration camp and later at the Heart Mountain concentration camp. The exception was Dan Sakahara who was only incarcerated at Tule Lake. Dan Sakahara was a councilman, block leader, chairman of the Red Cross, treasurer of the PTA, and temporary chairman of the PTA at Tule Lake. He was also president of the Fife Young People's Club, president of the Vashon Japanese American Club, president of the Puyallup Valley JACL for the years of 1937 and 1938 and president of the St. Louis JACL for 1957.","extent":"Four photo albums, 14 loose pages from albums, two paintings of Tule Lake Camp, two wedding portraits, portrait of family in Fife","links_children":"ddr-densho-316","language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"Densho","public":"1","rights":"cc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-316-411-mezzanine-70048dffcc-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1021-4","model":"entity","index":"5 2105/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1021-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021-4/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-4-1-mezzanine-b8f1186525-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-4-1-mezzanine-b8f1186525-a.jpg"},"title":"Matsuko Hayashi Interview","description":"Born in 1921 in Parlier in Fresno County, California, Matsuko Hayashi (pseudonym) grew up as the second oldest of the eight children of a first-generation immigrant who had come to the United States as a sixteen years old, and his wife who had come as a \"picture bride.\" They raised grapes on three farms that Matsuko's father and his brother had bought. She remembers her father's affection for the family and his dedication to Buddhism, and how busy her mother was raising children. They hired Mexican laborers and operated their business successfully, winning many blue ribbons for their products at state fairs. Matsuko recalls how the family enjoyed going to camping at Yosemite, and how she went to a Japanese school on Saturdays and Sundays, which she found not effective in teaching her Japanese. As for the American school that she attended on weekdays, she recalls how her teachers were prejudiced against the Japanese. When she went to Japan in 1940, she felt her Japanese classmates were biased against Americans like herself. She and other Nisei at her school in Hiroshima spoke in English, making their Japanese classmate believe that the American students were bad-mouthing their Japanese peers. On August 8, 1945, she was injured and lost consciousness after the bombing, but she survived with the help of her Nisei friend that she knew from a sewing school she had attended in Hiroshima. She lost one of her sisters to the bombing, whom her family was able to identify only because of the white nametag she wore. After losing her Japanese husband to the war, Matsuko came back to the United States in 1947, went to a drapery school and worked in Hollywood as a dressmaker, and was remarried to a Nisei who had been a \"no-no-boy\" in Tule Lake and expressed no concern about the fact that Matsuko is a survivor. As a dedicated Buddhist, Matsuko spent her married life focusing on raising family and working at a nursery, and interacted with other US survivors only occasionally. She feels that being attacked by the bomb was like being hit by tsunami; it was shikata ga nai (It couldn't be helped).","extent":"1:23:29","links_children":"ddr-densho-1021-4","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":966,"namepart":"Matsuko Hayashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Naoko Wake"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Jose, California","creation":"3-Jun-12","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Matsuko Hayashi narrator \nNaoko Wake interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1021-4-1-mezzanine-b8f1186525-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1021-7","model":"entity","index":"6 2106/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1021-7/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021-7/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-7-1-mezzanine-681d36effc-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-7-1-mezzanine-681d36effc-a.jpg"},"title":"Yuriko Furubayashi Interview","description":"Yuriko Furubayashi was born in 1927 in Waimea, Hawai'i, as one of the ten children of the family. Her father had come to Hawai'i from Hiroshima in the mid-1910s as a contract worker on a pineapple plantation. He grew vegetables and kept chickens around the house to help feed the family. Her mother cooked Japanese food only in part because meat was hard to come by. Many of their co-workers on the plantation were Japanese, and Yuriko used to go to the after-school school at Hongan-ji with these co-workers' children. Her peers at the public school included Filipinos, Chinese, Polynesians, Portuguese, and Haoles. When she was ten years old, her uncle and aunt in Los Angeles, who had been successful owners of Olympic Hotel, took her to Japan. They were childless, so their plan was to make Yuriko the family's heir. Yuriko quickly adjusted to the life in Japan and graduated from high school. She was working in an airplane factory when the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. Although she was not injured, she was irradiated because she walked through the city on the day after to look for her aunt and uncle. The entire city was still on fire. She saw many corpses and people with severe nuclear burns. She lost one of her uncles to the bomb. She also visited her friend working at an orphanage, and was struck by how many children had lost their parents to the bomb. In 1948, she went to Hawai'i to see her parents, thanks to the arrangement made by her brother who had come to Japan as part of the US occupation force. She decided that she did not want to go back to Hiroshima where memories of the destruction \"depressed\" her. She studied to regain her English and worked at her sister's bakery near Kahoku. She married a baker, and they became successful owners of another bakery named after their oldest son. Yuriko was somewhat worried about radiation effect when she was pregnant with her first child. She gained hibakusha techo (certificate of survivorhood) issued by the Japanese government in the 1960s. She also regularly attends the biannual health checkups conducted by Japanese physicians for American survivors.","extent":"2:52:35","links_children":"ddr-densho-1021-7","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":968,"namepart":"Yuriko Furubayashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Naoko Wake"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Kailua, Hawai‘i","creation":"11-Jun-13","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yuriko Furubayashi narrator \nNaoko Wake interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1021-7-1-mezzanine-681d36effc-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-29-60-1","model":"segment","index":"7 2107/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-29-60-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-29-60-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-29/ddr-csujad-29-60-1-mezzanine-bad4050dc6-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-29/ddr-csujad-29-60-1-mezzanine-bad4050dc6-a.jpg"},"title":"An Oral History with Sumiye Takeno, Part II - Segment 1","description":"An oral history with Sumiye Takeno, a current resident of Denver, Colorado. This interview was conducted for the Japanese American Oral History Project by California State University, Fullerton. The purpose of this interview was to gather information regarding Takeno's incarceration and resettlement experience during World War II. Specifically, the interview covers her childhood in Florin, California, her experiences in church and sewing school; her experiences as a nurse's aide at the Manzanar incarceration camp in 1942, detailing camp life, close friends, and recreation; talks about her arranged marriage to her husband, Roy, in 1943 while incarcerated, their engagement party; her Methodist upbringing and faith, her involvement in the Japanese American Citizens League (JACL) in the early 1940s; her feelings on \"baishakunin\" or what is known as arranged marriage; her family's roles and actions while living at the camp, her attitude and equipment on and about the camp; comments on her relationship between her husband and herself, her husband's family and their background in Japan, his background living in Fresno, California, size and impact of Roy's family, and change that emanates when a Japanese woman marries into another family; details the importance that medical practicing had on her family life, her husband's health and career in the 1960s while writing as a journalist and acting as an organizer for the JACL; she describes her husband's jobs for such newspapers like the Denver Post and Rocky Jiho; comments on her social circle after the camp in Manzanar, her husband's local fame as a journalist and for his involvement with JACL; she talks about Roy's leadership position in JACL and his roles in the organization in the early 1950s, her feeling about all the letters of support she received when Roy passed away; explains her move to Denver with Roy in the late 1940s due to his new job as a journalist at the Rocky Shimpo, her housing situations between the late 1940s and 1950s in Denver; discusses the location of the newspaper office, Rocky Shimpo, the restaurants and stores that surrounded the newspaper office, the location of the JACL office in 1946; she describes the JACL administration with Min Yasui's leadership in 1946, her feelings about the name change from \"Denver JACL\" to the Mile High Chapter of the JACL in Denver; discusses her family's frugal techniques, simple life, and forms of transportation post-war; her feelings on the incarceration and its effects on the Japanese American community on a national level, the impact the camps had on the communities after the war; how suburbanization impacted her family starting in 1952, the general neighborhoods in Denver that had the largest Japanese American populations; the experiences that JACL gave her, the social and legislative activities she participated in, and the change to civil rights activism in JACL in the 1960s; her feelings on the issue of redress for the Japanese Americans who were interned during the war, and her official active role in the organization in 1987; talks briefly about Min Yasui and his civil rights activism, and about James (Jim) Omura's leadership when he took over the Rocky Shimpo newspaper in 1947; and her description between the Issei and Nisei Japanese Americans. Transcript is found in item: csufccop_jaoh_0047. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: 5282.2_T01","extent":"1:22:39","links_children":"ddr-csujad-29-60-1","creators":[{"role":"narrator","id":343,"namepart":"Sumiye Takeno"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Hansen, Arthur A."},{"role":"publisher","namepart":"California State University, Fullerton. Center for Oral and Public History"}],"topics":[{"term":"Activism and involvement","id":"120"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations","id":"16"},{"term":"World War II -- Japanese American Citizens League activities","id":"400"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- \"Resettlement\"","id":"104"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service","id":"88"},{"term":"Religion and churches","id":"29"},{"term":"Reflections on the past","id":"118"},{"term":"Redress and reparations","id":"110"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Colorado","id":"275"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Living conditions","id":"67"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- Social relations","id":"532"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Weddings","id":"196"},{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\") -- Aftermath","id":"191"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Redress and reparations -- Civil Liberties Act of 1988","id":"525"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"CSU Fullerton Center for Oral and Public History","rights":"nocc","genre":"interview","location":"Florin, California; Manzanar, California; Denver, Colorado","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"11/10/2001","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sumiye Takeno narrator \nHansen, Arthur A. interviewer \nCalifornia State University, Fullerton. Center for Oral and Public History publisher","download_large":"ddr-csujad-29-60-1-mezzanine-bad4050dc6-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-29-59-1","model":"segment","index":"8 2108/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-29-59-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-29-59-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-29/ddr-csujad-29-59-1-mezzanine-cdbb83b7a8-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-29/ddr-csujad-29-59-1-mezzanine-cdbb83b7a8-a.jpg"},"title":"An Oral History with Sumiye Takeno, Part I - Segment 1","description":"An oral history with Sumiye Takeno, a current resident of Denver, Colorado. This interview was conducted for the Japanese American Oral History Project by California State University, Fullerton. The purpose of this interview was to gather information regarding Takeno's incarceration and resettlement experience during World War II. Specifically, the interview covers her childhood in Florin, California, her experiences in church and sewing school; her experiences as a nurse's aide at the Manzanar incarceration camp in 1942, detailing camp life, close friends, and recreation; talks about her arranged marriage to her husband, Roy, in 1943 while incarcerated, their engagement party; her Methodist upbringing and faith, her involvement in the Japanese American Citizens League (JACL) in the early 1940s; her feelings on \"baishakunin\" or what is known as arranged marriage; her family's roles and actions while living at the camp, her attitude and equipment on and about the camp; comments on her relationship between her husband and herself, her husband's family and their background in Japan, his background living in Fresno, California, size and impact of Roy's family, and change that emanates when a Japanese woman marries into another family; details the importance that medical practicing had on her family life, her husband's health and career in the 1960s while writing as a journalist and acting as an organizer for the JACL; she describes her husband's jobs for such newspapers like the Denver Post and Rocky Jiho; comments on her social circle after the camp in Manzanar, her husband's local fame as a journalist and for his involvement with JACL; she talks about Roy's leadership position in JACL and his roles in the organization in the early 1950s, her feeling about all the letters of support she received when Roy passed away; explains her move to Denver with Roy in the late 1940s due to his new job as a journalist at the Rocky Shimpo, her housing situations between the late 1940s and 1950s in Denver; discusses the location of the newspaper office, Rocky Shimpo, the restaurants and stores that surrounded the newspaper office, the location of the JACL office in 1946; she describes the JACL administration with Min Yasui's leadership in 1946, her feelings about the name change from \"Denver JACL\" to the Mile High Chapter of the JACL in Denver; discusses her family's frugal techniques, simple life, and forms of transportation post-war; her feelings on the incarceration and its effects on the Japanese American community on a national level, the impact the camps had on the communities after the war; how suburbanization impacted her family starting in 1952, the general neighborhoods in Denver that had the largest Japanese American populations; the experiences that JACL gave her, the social and legislative activities she participated in, and the change to civil rights activism in JACL in the 1960s; her feelings on the issue of redress for the Japanese Americans who were interned during the war, and her official active role in the organization in 1987; talks briefly about Min Yasui and his civil rights activism, and about James (Jim) Omura's leadership when he took over the Rocky Shimpo newspaper in 1947; and her description between the Issei and Nisei Japanese Americans. Transcript is found in item: csufccop_jaoh_0047. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: 5282.1_T01","extent":"2:11:02","links_children":"ddr-csujad-29-59-1","creators":[{"role":"narrator","id":343,"namepart":"Sumiye Takeno"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Hansen, Arthur A."},{"role":"publisher","namepart":"California State University, Fullerton. Center for Oral and Public History"}],"topics":[{"term":"Activism and involvement","id":"120"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations","id":"16"},{"term":"World War II -- Japanese American Citizens League activities","id":"400"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- \"Resettlement\"","id":"104"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service","id":"88"},{"term":"Religion and churches","id":"29"},{"term":"Reflections on the past","id":"118"},{"term":"Redress and reparations","id":"110"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Colorado","id":"275"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Living conditions","id":"67"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- Social relations","id":"532"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Weddings","id":"196"},{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\")","id":"57"},{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\") -- Aftermath","id":"191"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Redress and reparations -- Civil Liberties Act of 1988","id":"525"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"CSU Fullerton Center for Oral and Public History","rights":"nocc","genre":"interview","location":"Florin, California; Manzanar, California; Denver, Colorado","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"11/9/2001","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sumiye Takeno narrator \nHansen, Arthur A. interviewer \nCalifornia State University, Fullerton. Center for Oral and Public History publisher","download_large":"ddr-csujad-29-59-1-mezzanine-cdbb83b7a8-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-138-36","model":"segment","index":"9 2109/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-138-36/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-138-36/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ytosh-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ytosh-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Tosh Yasutake Interview Segment 36","description":"Comical experiences involving the Japanese language later in life
William Toshio Yasutake was interviewed together with his sister Mitsuye (Yasutake) Yamada and surviving brother, Joseph Yasutake, in group sessions on October 8-9, 2002. He was interviewed individually on November 14, 2002.
Before being contacted by Densho, the Yasutake siblings had planned to conduct their own family history interviews. Individually and jointly, they and other family members had written and gathered material documenting their family history. They shared much of this with me to assist with research and preparation for the Densho interview. Mitsuye's daughter Jeni had coordinated much of the family history work. Jeni participated as a secondary interviewer during the group sessions, October 8-9, 2002.The group interview sessions were conducted in Seattle at the home of Tom Ikeda, executive director of Densho. The oldest Yasutake sibling, Reverend Seiichi Michael Yasutake, had passed away less than a year before the Densho interviewing, in December, 2001. The remaining siblings emphasized that his absence left a gap in their discussion of family history. In addition to Jeni Yamada and videographers Dana Hoshide and John Pai, also present during some portions of the group interview were Tom Ikeda, and Mitsuye Yamada's son Kai Yamada.","extent":"00:06:39","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-138-36","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":131,"namepart":"Tosh Yasutake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"November 14, 2002","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tosh Yasutake narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-ytosh-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-137-16","model":"segment","index":"10 2110/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-137-16/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-137-16/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ymitsuye-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ymitsuye-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Mitsuye May Yamada Interview Segment 16","description":"Discovering father's letters detailing some of the hardships in his life after World War IIMitsuye Yamada was interviewed together with her two surviving brothers, William Toshio Yasutake and Joseph Yasutake, in group sessions on October 8-9, 2002. She was interviewed individually on October 9-10, 2002.
Before being contacted by Densho, the Yasutake siblings had planned to conduct their own family history interviews. Individually and jointly, they and other family members had written and gathered material documenting their family history. They shared much of this with me to assist with research and preparation for the Densho interview. Mitsuye's daughter Jeni had coordinated much of the family history work. Jeni participated as a secondary interviewer during the group sessions, October 8-9, 2002.The group interview sessions were conducted in Seattle at the home of Tom Ikeda, executive director of Densho. The oldest Yasutake sibling, Reverend Seiichi Michael Yasutake, had passed away less than a year before the Densho interviewing, in December, 2001. The remaining siblings emphasized that his absence left a gap in their discussion of family history. In addition to Jeni Yamada and videographers Dana Hoshide and John Pai, also present during some portions of the group interview were Tom Ikeda, and Mitsuye Yamada's son Kai Yamada.","extent":"00:07:32","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-137-16","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":129,"namepart":"Mitsuye May Yamada"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"October 9 & 10, 2002","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mitsuye May Yamada narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-ymitsuye-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-136-15","model":"segment","index":"11 2111/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-136-15/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-136-15/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-yjoe-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-yjoe-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Joe Yasutake Interview Segment 15","description":"Life after finishing military service: having three sons, working for the air forceJoseph Yasutake was interviewed together with his sister Mitsuye (Yasutake) Yamada and surviving brother, William Toshio Yasutake, in group sessions on October 8-9, 2002. He was also interviewed individually on October 9, 2002.
Before being contacted by Densho, the Yasutake siblings had planned to conduct their own family history interviews. Individually and jointly, they and other family members had written and gathered material documenting their family history. They shared much of this with me to assist with research and preparation for the Densho interview. Mitsuye's daughter Jeni had coordinated much of the family history work. Jeni participated as a secondary interviewer during the group sessions, October 8-9, 2002.The group interview sessions were conducted in Seattle at the home of Tom Ikeda, executive director of Densho. The oldest Yasutake sibling, Reverend Seiichi Michael Yasutake, had passed away less than a year before the Densho interviewing, in December, 2001. The remaining siblings emphasized that his absence left a gap in their discussion of family history. In addition to Jeni Yamada and videographers Dana Hoshide and John Pai, also present during some portions of the group interview were Tom Ikeda, and Mitsuye Yamada's son Kai Yamada.","extent":"00:04:34","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-136-15","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":130,"namepart":"Joe Yasutake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"John Pai"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"October 9, 2002","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Joe Yasutake narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nJohn Pai videographer","download_large":"denshovh-yjoe-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-136-2","model":"segment","index":"12 2112/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-136-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-136-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-yjoe-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-yjoe-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Joe Yasutake Interview Segment 2","description":"Life in Crystal City internment camp, Texas: living quarters, shared facilitiesJoseph Yasutake was interviewed together with his sister Mitsuye (Yasutake) Yamada and surviving brother, William Toshio Yasutake, in group sessions on October 8-9, 2002. He was also interviewed individually on October 9, 2002.
Before being contacted by Densho, the Yasutake siblings had planned to conduct their own family history interviews. Individually and jointly, they and other family members had written and gathered material documenting their family history. They shared much of this with me to assist with research and preparation for the Densho interview. Mitsuye's daughter Jeni had coordinated much of the family history work. Jeni participated as a secondary interviewer during the group sessions, October 8-9, 2002.The group interview sessions were conducted in Seattle at the home of Tom Ikeda, executive director of Densho. The oldest Yasutake sibling, Reverend Seiichi Michael Yasutake, had passed away less than a year before the Densho interviewing, in December, 2001. The remaining siblings emphasized that his absence left a gap in their discussion of family history. In addition to Jeni Yamada and videographers Dana Hoshide and John Pai, also present during some portions of the group interview were Tom Ikeda, and Mitsuye Yamada's son Kai Yamada.","extent":"00:03:56","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-136-2","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":130,"namepart":"Joe Yasutake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"John Pai"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Department of Justice camps","id":"82"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","facility":[{"term":"Crystal City","id":"29"}],"creation":"October 9, 2002","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Joe Yasutake narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nJohn Pai videographer","download_large":"denshovh-yjoe-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-137-24","model":"segment","index":"13 2113/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-137-24/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-137-24/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ymitsuye-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ymitsuye-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Mitsuye May Yamada Interview Segment 24","description":"Renewed hope after discovering illness was misdiagnosed: \"I just decided that I would do something with my life\"Mitsuye Yamada was interviewed together with her two surviving brothers, William Toshio Yasutake and Joseph Yasutake, in group sessions on October 8-9, 2002. She was interviewed individually on October 9-10, 2002.
Before being contacted by Densho, the Yasutake siblings had planned to conduct their own family history interviews. Individually and jointly, they and other family members had written and gathered material documenting their family history. They shared much of this with me to assist with research and preparation for the Densho interview. Mitsuye's daughter Jeni had coordinated much of the family history work. Jeni participated as a secondary interviewer during the group sessions, October 8-9, 2002.The group interview sessions were conducted in Seattle at the home of Tom Ikeda, executive director of Densho. The oldest Yasutake sibling, Reverend Seiichi Michael Yasutake, had passed away less than a year before the Densho interviewing, in December, 2001. The remaining siblings emphasized that his absence left a gap in their discussion of family history. In addition to Jeni Yamada and videographers Dana Hoshide and John Pai, also present during some portions of the group interview were Tom Ikeda, and Mitsuye Yamada's son Kai Yamada.","extent":"00:04:31","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-137-24","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":129,"namepart":"Mitsuye May Yamada"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","geography":[{"term":"California","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7007157\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"October 9 & 10, 2002","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mitsuye May Yamada narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-ymitsuye-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-137-20","model":"segment","index":"14 2114/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-137-20/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-137-20/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ymitsuye-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ymitsuye-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Mitsuye May Yamada Interview Segment 20","description":"Adjusting to life in Pasadena, California and becoming involved in the controversy over the Fair Housing billMitsuye Yamada was interviewed together with her two surviving brothers, William Toshio Yasutake and Joseph Yasutake, in group sessions on October 8-9, 2002. She was interviewed individually on October 9-10, 2002.
Before being contacted by Densho, the Yasutake siblings had planned to conduct their own family history interviews. Individually and jointly, they and other family members had written and gathered material documenting their family history. They shared much of this with me to assist with research and preparation for the Densho interview. Mitsuye's daughter Jeni had coordinated much of the family history work. Jeni participated as a secondary interviewer during the group sessions, October 8-9, 2002.The group interview sessions were conducted in Seattle at the home of Tom Ikeda, executive director of Densho. The oldest Yasutake sibling, Reverend Seiichi Michael Yasutake, had passed away less than a year before the Densho interviewing, in December, 2001. The remaining siblings emphasized that his absence left a gap in their discussion of family history. In addition to Jeni Yamada and videographers Dana Hoshide and John Pai, also present during some portions of the group interview were Tom Ikeda, and Mitsuye Yamada's son Kai Yamada.","extent":"00:08:40","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-137-20","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":129,"namepart":"Mitsuye May Yamada"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","geography":[{"term":"Pasadena, California","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7014389\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"October 9 & 10, 2002","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mitsuye May Yamada narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-ymitsuye-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-njpa-1-863","model":"entity","index":"15 2115/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-njpa-1-863/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-njpa-1-863/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-njpa-1/ddr-njpa-1-863-mezzanine-2a854c7c99-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-njpa-1/ddr-njpa-1-863-mezzanine-2a854c7c99-a.jpg"},"title":"Newspaper clipping regarding Li Zongren","description":"Caption on front [translation]: \"Person of the Times. Li Zongren. With the recent reported arrest and confinement of Yan Xishan, the 'king' of Shanxi province, following the execution of defeated Shanxi Army Commander Li Fuying and Shandong Warlord Han Fuju, and with the fall of Xuzhou and withdrawal from Longhai imminent, Longhai Front Commander Li Zongren has become the center of attention.\r\n\r\nChiang Kaishek has embraced the regional cliques under his jurisdiction and has shifted his position towards his mortal enemy the Communists; rather than resisting them with every fiber of his being, he is actually holding hands with them. He is making use of the war against the Japanese to proceed mercilessly with his drive to absorb the regional cliques so as to preserve his own strengthened authority. Han Fuju and Yan Xishan were thus pulled into the fight against the Japanese because of pressure from the members of the command staff surrounding them rather than from their own desires. It is seen as inevitable that Li Zongren, who had worked together with Han Fuju in military matters after the retreat from Shandong, is destined to repeat Han's mistake. The combination of Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi, the driving forces behind the build-up of Guangxi, is said to be like that of Cao Kun and Wu Peifu. Li Zongren silently rode on Bai Chongxi's coattails as he gained power and cultivated the model province of Guangxi and its elite army. He put up with his enemy Chiang Kaishek stoicly for ten years. Once the war against the Japanese began, Li Zongren entered Nanjing with Bai Chongxi and gave his support to the Chiang regime, serving as the figurehead chief of it's National Military Council. After the war entered its second stage with the fall of Nanjing, Li had no choice but to head to the Longhai Front and lead the six divisions of the Guangxi Army.\r\n\r\nThe crafty Chiang Kaishek divided Guangxi's strength in two by separating Li and Bai and thereby successfully castrated the last remaining anti-Chiang military clique. Bai headed to Guangxi after the withdrawal from Nanjing to recruit and train new troops; whether or not Li will be able to coordinate with Bai while he is enveloped withing Chiang's supervision will determine his fate.\r\n\r\nLi Zongren is extremely frugal in his private life and doesn't even have a home of his own. He is always in uniform and is said to show a nobility rare within the Chinese military cliques in his manner when working with common officers at headquarters. His character is praised for having accomplished so much in impoverished Guangxi, achieving an annual per capita tax of 3 yuan (an unbelievably good level of governing for China) and population of 13 million. (photograph is of Li Zongren).\"","extent":"3W x 5.75H","links_children":"ddr-njpa-1-863","format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Li, Zongren"}],"contributor":"Hawai'i Times Photo Archives Foundation","rights":"pcc","genre":"clipping","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Li, Zongren","download_large":"ddr-njpa-1-863-mezzanine-2a854c7c99-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-357","model":"collection","index":"16 2116/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-357/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-357/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-357/ddr-densho-357-676-mezzanine-e6ce38e42f-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-357/ddr-densho-357-676-mezzanine-e6ce38e42f-a.jpg"},"title":"Terakawa Collection","description":"The Terakawa Collection consists of four photograph albums created by Hanako Terakawa. Hanako's parents, Tadaichi and Yoni Yoshioka, immigrated from Japan and settled in Hayward, California in the early 1900's. In Hayward, they started a family and had five children. They owned a nursery and maintained several greenhouses built around 1913. The earliest photograph album primarily contains photographs of Hanako's high school friends, her brother Giichi, and picnics and others social events related to their Oakland Buddhist Church community. The Yoshioka siblings participated in the Young Men's and Women's Buddhist Association and their local Lumbini Club. \r\n\r\nHanako Yoshioka married Reverend Tansai Terakawa in 1933 and moved with him to Stockton, California. Tansai Terakawa served as the reverend for the Stockton Buddhist Church until he moved to Kyoto, Japan for two years with his wife and daughter Hiroko. In Japan, Tansai and Hanako spent time with extended family and worked as leaders in the Pan-Pacific Buddhist community. Two of the photograph albums focus on the Terakawa family's life in Kyoto, including visiting family and friends, hosting church delegates from other countries, and participating in the 1934 Pan Pacific Conference in Tokyo before returning to California.\r\n\r\nDuring WWII, Hanako and Tansai, along with their three children were incarcerated in the Minidoka concentration camp in Idaho, and the Yoshioka family, were incarcerated in the Topaz concentration camp in Utah. Tansai and Hanako Terakawa helped establish a church community in Minidoka, where Tansai Terakawa served as reverend until he passed away in the camp. Hanako's brothers, Giichi, George, and Masaru, all served in the United States Army during WWII. Hanako Terakawa's sister, Yukie, was incarcerated in the Poston camp with her husband, Harry Goto, and two children. After the war, the combined Yoshioka and Terakawa families relocated to Minneapolis, Minnesota. The final photograph album primarily contains photographs of the Yoshioka family, the Terakawa family, and the Goto family. The album also includes several photographs of the Topaz concentration camp, Tansai Terakawa's memorial service in camp, military portraits of the Yoshioka siblings, and their new home in Minneapolis after the war.","extent":"4 photograph albums","links_children":"ddr-densho-357","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Terakawa, Hanako"}],"language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","public":"1","rights":"cc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Terakawa, Hanako author","download_large":"ddr-densho-357-676-mezzanine-e6ce38e42f-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-379","model":"collection","index":"17 2117/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-379/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-379/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-379/ddr-densho-379-734-mezzanine-d569eaec62-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-379/ddr-densho-379-734-mezzanine-d569eaec62-a.jpg"},"title":"Sumida Family Collection","description":"The Sumida Family Collection contains material about Chimata and Masako Murakami Sumida and their six children, Alice Yuriko Endo, Grace Rayko Nagai, Emmy Ito, Marshall Masaru Sumida, Theodore Tetsuro Sumida, Marjorie Yohko Matsumoto, and their families. Before World War II, Chimata Sumida owned a music store located in Los Angeles’ Japanese Town that sold music, instruments, radios, and other small electronics. After 3 FBI interrogations, Chimata and his worker, Yoshio Takashima, were arrested on January 16, 1942, detained at the Los Angeles County Jail, transferred to Tuna Canyon Detention Station, and interned at the Fort Missoula Alien Detention Center.