This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:04:08","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-21-10","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":163,"namepart":"Ben Kuroki"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":169,"namepart":"Shige Kuroki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Camarillio, California","creation":"January 31, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ben Kuroki narrator \nShige Kuroki narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-kben_g-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-21-14","model":"segment","index":"1 1926/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-21-14/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-21-14/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kben_g-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kben_g-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Ben Kuroki - Shige Kuroki Interview Segment 14","description":"Preparing to testify at the resisters' trial: disagreeing, but understanding their point of view
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:06:11","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-21-14","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":163,"namepart":"Ben Kuroki"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":169,"namepart":"Shige Kuroki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Draft resistance","id":"95"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","geography":[{"term":"Cheyenne, Wyoming","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7013956\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Camarillio, California","creation":"January 31, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ben Kuroki narrator \nShige Kuroki narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-kben_g-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-6-3","model":"segment","index":"2 1927/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-6-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-6-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Sam Horino Interview Segment 3","description":"Hearing of the onset of World War II while at a theater
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:02:45","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-6-3","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":152,"namepart":"Sam Horino"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","geography":[{"term":"Gardena, California","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/2011510\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Monterey Park, California","creation":"February 22, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sam Horino narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-10-10","model":"segment","index":"3 1928/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-10-10/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-10-10/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kmits-03-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kmits-03-a.jpg"},"title":"Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 10","description":"Writing an article about camp: \"I thought I should tell the truth\"
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:02:15","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-10-10","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":125,"namepart":"Mits Koshiyama"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"August 15 & 16, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mits Koshiyama narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-kmits-03-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-4-13","model":"segment","index":"4 1929/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-4-13/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-4-13/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ojimmie-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ojimmie-02-a.jpg"},"title":"James Omura Interview I Segment 13","description":"Thoughts on whether JACL members informed on community members during mass removal
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:03:08","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-4-13","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":144,"namepart":"James Omura"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\") -- Japanese American community responses","id":"52"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"December 9, 1990","status":"completed","search_hidden":"James Omura narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-ojimmie-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-4-3","model":"segment","index":"5 1930/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-4-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-4-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ojimmie-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ojimmie-02-a.jpg"},"title":"James Omura Interview I Segment 3","description":"Childhood in Seattle, Washington: losing mother at an early age, playing sports
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:06:01","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-4-3","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":144,"namepart":"James Omura"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","geography":[{"term":"Seattle, Washington","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7014494\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"December 9, 1990","status":"completed","search_hidden":"James Omura narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-ojimmie-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-4-16","model":"segment","index":"6 1931/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-4-16/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-4-16/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ojimmie-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ojimmie-02-a.jpg"},"title":"James Omura Interview I Segment 16","description":"Thoughts on decision to take a stand: \"I still believe in what I did\"
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:01:46","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-4-16","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":144,"namepart":"James Omura"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"December 9, 1990","status":"completed","search_hidden":"James Omura narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-ojimmie-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-23-4","model":"segment","index":"7 1932/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-23-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-23-4/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hart-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hart-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Art Hansen Interview Segment 4","description":"Discussion of community treatment of draft resisters and the episode's place in historical context
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:05:08","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-23-4","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":165,"namepart":"Art Hansen"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Draft resistance","id":"95"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"February 22, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Art Hansen narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-hart-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-23-22","model":"segment","index":"8 1933/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-23-22/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-23-22/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hart-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hart-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Art Hansen Interview Segment 22","description":"The reception received by Ben Kuroki on his visits to various concentration camps
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:04:56","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-23-22","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":165,"namepart":"Art Hansen"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"February 22, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Art Hansen narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-hart-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-15-3","model":"segment","index":"9 1934/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-15-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-15-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ofred-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ofred-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Fred Okrand Interview Segment 3","description":"The ACLU's attempts to challenge the U.S. government on its World War II actions
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:02:51","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-15-3","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":158,"namepart":"Fred Okrand"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"August 22, 1995","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Fred Okrand narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-ofred-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-5-8","model":"segment","index":"10 1935/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-5-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-5-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-efrank-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-efrank-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Emi Interview I Segment 8","description":"Activities as leader of the Fair Play Committee: distributing bulletins, holding meetings
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:02:57","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-5-8","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":142,"namepart":"Frank Emi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Draft resistance","id":"95"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Gabriel, California","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"February 23, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Emi narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-efrank-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-5-10","model":"segment","index":"11 1936/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-5-10/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-5-10/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-efrank-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-efrank-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Emi Interview I Segment 10","description":"Thinking ahead on decision to resist draft: taking a family photo just in case
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:03:35","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-5-10","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":142,"namepart":"Frank Emi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Draft resistance","id":"95"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Gabriel, California","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"February 23, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Emi narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-efrank-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-15-7","model":"segment","index":"12 1937/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-15-7/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-15-7/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ofred-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ofred-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Fred Okrand Interview Segment 7","description":"Explanation of writ of coram nobis and thoughts about the Heart Mountain resisters
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:03:24","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-15-7","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":158,"namepart":"Fred Okrand"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"August 22, 1995","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Fred Okrand narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-ofred-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-njpa-4-974","model":"entity","index":"13 1938/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-njpa-4-974/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-njpa-4-974/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-njpa-4/ddr-njpa-4-974-master-4c5a58d9c4-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-njpa-4/ddr-njpa-4-974-master-4c5a58d9c4-a.jpg"},"title":"Tatsukichi Minobe announcing his resignation from the Diet","description":"Caption on reverse [translation]: \"Sogo Photo, News No. 1. After today, 'one scholar.' Dr. Minobe's longing feelings. (Tokyo) September 18, 1935. Dr. Minobe, who faced the big contradiction that he was appointed to the honorable position of Diet member for his achievements in the academic world and must now give up the post because of that doctrine, appeared on the 18th at 10:30 a.m. before a press corps waiting for him in his study, his face a bit flushed with excitement, wearing a casual Oshima kimono and a short coat of the same brand. 'Thank you for waiting...' the doctor greeted quietly, and read a speech from a strict manuscript written on letter paper. 'I would consider it abandoning my academic life and ruining my reputation for a thousand years if I were to give up my official position in order to avoid prosecution.' The doctor's hand was shaking a little as he held the manuscript. The picture is 1, Dr. Minobe on that day.\"","extent":"2.5W x 2.5H","links_children":"ddr-njpa-4-974","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Sogo News"}],"format":"img","language":["jpn"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Minobe, Tatsukichi"}],"contributor":"Hawaii Times Photo Archives Foundation","rights":"pcc","genre":"photograph","location":"Tokyo, Japan","creation":"18-Sep-35","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sogo News publisher Minobe, Tatsukichi","download_large":"ddr-njpa-4-974-master-4c5a58d9c4-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-5-237","model":"entity","index":"14 1939/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-5-237/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-5-237/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-237-mezzanine-67737062e7-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-237-mezzanine-67737062e7-a.jpg"},"title":"Typed and notarized letter from Teru Koyama to Edward J. Ennis, Director, Enemy Alien Control Unit. Page 10 of 13.","description":"Photocopy of a typed letter from Teru Koyama to Edward J. Ennis concerning the rehearing of Keizaburo Koyama's case. Mrs. Koyama notes that it is very unusual for Issei parents to raise their kids in an American-style environment, but she doesn't regret the decision to do so. While she was worried about war between the United States and Japan, her husband said they would support the country of their children's birth - the United States. Mrs. Koyama starts talking about the difficulties of being separated from her husband for two years. She said the first few months were rough, but she received a lot of support from friends and neighbors, though she was always worried about being attacked by someone who didn't know her, but only saw her as an enemy. She writes that there was a sense of relief once the bars of the Portland Assembly Center were closed behind her. While life is difficult, she is learning to do more with less.","extent":"1 photocopy: 8.50 W x 14 H","links_children":"ddr-one-5-237","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Koyama, Teru"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Family reunification","id":"527"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Koyama, Teru"},{"namepart":"Koyama, Keizaburo"},{"namepart":"Ennis, Edward J."},{"namepart":"Federal Bureau of Investigation"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon; Portland, Oregon","geography":[{"term":"Portland","id":"289"}],"rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Hunt, Idaho","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"},{"term":"Portland","id":"12"}],"creation":"11/29/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Koyama, Teru author Koyama, Teru \nKoyama, Keizaburo \nEnnis, Edward J. \nFederal Bureau of Investigation","download_large":"ddr-one-5-237-mezzanine-67737062e7-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-29-20","model":"entity","index":"15 1940/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-20/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-29-20/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-29/ddr-pc-29-20-mezzanine-0b8b37cfb5-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-29/ddr-pc-29-20-mezzanine-0b8b37cfb5-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 44, No. 20 (May 17, 1957)","description":"Select article titles: \"Permanment Stay Offered Skilled Japanese on Temporary Visa\" (p. 1); \"Curriculum body acts on CL protest of 'Fuzz Young' story\" (p. 1); \"Claims payment appropriations up for endorsment\" (p. 1); \"Los Angeles-born Nisei successful in transition to life in Detroit circles\" (p. 1); \"Calif. pension bill passes Assembly\" (p. 1); \"Japanese Americans Among First Winners of California Scholarships\" (p. 1); \"Cleveland Nisei awarded music fellowship in Rome\" (p. 1); \"SLC keeping busy with more projects\" (p. 2); \"Surgeon who operates 'without ether or nures' found to be Issei dollmaker\" (p. 3); \"Wife of Cheyenne Nisei judge named ass't Wyoming A.G.\" (p. 3); \"Nisei Leaps 6 FT. 4 IN. In Prep High Jump; Also 22-3 1/2 in Broad Jump\" (p. 6); \"Minneapolis badminton star competges in nat'l tourney, to teach at Whitter High' (p. 6); \"Vice.-Pres. Nixon meets on problem of job discrimination\" (p. 8); \"Racial Battle Looms in Dental Hygienist Association Proposal\" (p. 8)","extent":"11W x 17H","links_children":"ddr-pc-29-20","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Politics","id":"235"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Protests, rallies, or marches","id":"452"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- Los Angeles","id":"272"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Community activities -- Sports","id":"24"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Sansei","id":"338"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Law and legislation","id":"340"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Dentistry","id":"355"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"05/17/1957","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-29-20-mezzanine-0b8b37cfb5-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-19","model":"entity","index":"16 1941/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-19/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-19/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-19-mezzanine-be7c5761e5-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-19-mezzanine-be7c5761e5-a.jpg"},"title":"My plans for my future","description":"Term Paper by Haruye Imahori for period VII Social Problems course, taught by Harry Bentley Wells at Manzanar High School. Haruye would like to be a bookkeeper eventually. She recounts the satisfaction in seeing results during her classes. However, war and subsequent forced evacuation create uncertainty for her. She tells that her parents believe the best place for a girl is with a husband and family. In spite of this, she wants to attend Junior College at Manzanar and continue her education, eventually getting a bookkeeping position. She wants to explore the single and free life, while traveling the United States and Europe before eventually settling down with a husband and a few children. She wonders what influence the war and its aftermath will have on her future as well. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9019. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0019","extent":"14 pages, 10.5 x 8 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-19","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Imahori, Haruye"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"2/26/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Imahori, Haruye author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-19-mezzanine-be7c5761e5-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-3","model":"entity","index":"17 1942/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-3-mezzanine-d4fdc6f467-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-3-mezzanine-d4fdc6f467-a.jpg"},"title":"Term paper","description":"Term paper by Susie Matsuno for period V Social Problems class taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. Susie's greatest ambition is to be a social welfare worker. She had personal experience with one when her mother was sick and greatly admired the patience and kindness of someone who would put aside their own worries to help others in every way. Second: a stenographer or clerk. She would still get to meet many people and help them but also have her own desk. Stenographers and typists are also always in demand in and out of the camp. Third: Susie would like to be a housewife. She likes the idea of building a life and making decisions and sharing worries and joys with another person. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9003. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0003","extent":"10.5 x 8 inches, 6 pages, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-3","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Matsuno, Susie"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Matsuno, Susie author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-3-mezzanine-d4fdc6f467-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-18","model":"entity","index":"18 1943/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-18/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-18/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-18-mezzanine-42d83cc3ec-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-18-mezzanine-42d83cc3ec-a.jpg"},"title":"Social prob: the future","description":"Term paper by Toshiro Hara for period 5 Social Problems class taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. Toshiro discusses his ambition to be a stenographer. With the enforced draft of the armed forces, he believes his best hope is entering and helping to win the war. If Japan wins, he will have to leave America and move to Japan, which he states will ruin his life. After the war he hopes to get a civil service job, marry his dream girl and have three children. He would like to build up a \"rainy day\" fund and ensure the future security of his family. However, he has many doubts relating to the war and its aftermath. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9018. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0018","extent":"10 pages, 11 x 8.5 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-18","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Hara, Toshiro"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"2/24/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hara, Toshiro author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-18-mezzanine-42d83cc3ec-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-266","model":"entity","index":"19 1944/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-266/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-266/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-266-mezzanine-7c578e3e89-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-266-mezzanine-7c578e3e89-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Naoji Okine to Seiichi Okine, December 13, 1949 [in Japanese]","description":"A letter from Naoji Okine in Hiroshima, Japan to his brother, Seiichi Okine. He informs that Seiichi's gifts have been brought by Kenji Okine, including milk, sugar, and soap bars, and appreciates his support. He asks about prices in the U.S. as short supply drives prices high in Japan. He thinks back of his life in the U.S. and is reluctant to purchase any of the products in Japan since the quality is poor and the prices are high. He wishes to meet Seiichi and hopes that Seiichi will be able to visit Japan. He also requests Seiichi to send clothing and razors to him. The handwritten notes on the envelope read: Arrived on December 19; Shipped shirts, pants, and razors on January 7, 1950. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: oki_03_03_001","extent":"3 pages, 9.75 x 6.75 inches, handwritten; 1 envelope","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-266","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Okine, Naoji"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Family","id":"46"},{"term":"Japan -- Post-World War II","id":"165"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Hiroshima, Japan","creation":"12/13/1949","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Okine, Naoji author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-266-mezzanine-7c578e3e89-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-204","model":"entity","index":"20 1945/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-204/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-204/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-204-mezzanine-b71e5d48df-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-204-mezzanine-b71e5d48df-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Y. Fujii to Mr. and Mrs. S. Okine, May 24, 1947 [in Japanese]","description":"A letter from Yosokichi Fujii, a former incarceree in the Heart Mountain incarceration camp, Wyoming, to Seiichi and Tomeyo Okine. He gives an update of his life after leaving the camp in September 1945 and resettling in Nyssa, Oregon until May 1946. He currently works in Penryn, California in fruit production following his friends' suggestion. He intended to go back to Oregon, but has stayed in California. Fujii's first son and fourth son, Katsumi, in Oregon will join him in California in August or September. They plan to start a new business together. He states that he is not going back to Japan in the future and has decided to stay in the U.S. The backside of the envelope includes the handwritten notes in Japanese. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: oki_02_43_001","extent":"3 pages, handwritten, 8.5 x 6.5 inches; 1 envelope","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-204","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Fujii, Yosokichi"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- \"Resettlement\"","id":"104"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Agriculture","id":"6"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Oregon","id":"284"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Penryn, California","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"5/24/1947","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Fujii, Yosokichi author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-204-mezzanine-b71e5d48df-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-121-16","model":"entity","index":"21 1946/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-121-16/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-121-16/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-16-mezzanine-e73936a22b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-16-mezzanine-e73936a22b-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen Vol. 22 No. 11","description":"Selected article titles: \"California Nisei Awarded Medal of Honor. Nation's Highest Honor Given Japanese American Who Gave Life to Save Comrades in Italy\" (p. 1), \"Youth to Die in Gas Chamber for Murder of Nisei Veteran\" (p. 1), \"New Evacuation Faces Residents in L.A. Area\" (p. 1), \"California Seeks Confiscation of Farm Property\" (p. 1), \"Tule Lake Paper Ends Two Years of Publication\" (p. 1), \"Martial Law Used by Army to Restrict Rights of Nisei\" (p. 1), \"Nisei Children Deported With Alien Parents\" (p. 2), \"Alien Japanese GIs Take U.S. Citizen Oaths\" (p. 2), \"Tule Lake Camp Census Notes Low Figures\" (p. 3), \"Poston, Manzanar, Rohwer Centers, Long Empty, Officially Closed by Relocation Authority\" (p. 3), \"California's Supreme Court Asked to Rule State's Alien Property Legislation Invalid\" (p. 3), \"Majority of Nisei GI Queried in Tokyo Believe Long Military Occupation Needed for Japan\" (p. 5), \"Stay of Deportation Asked Until Congress Acts on Bill\" (p. 8).","extent":"1402W x 2023H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-121-16","format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","creation":"16-Mar-46","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-121-16-mezzanine-e73936a22b-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-156-328","model":"entity","index":"22 1947/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-156-328/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-156-328/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-156/ddr-densho-156-328-mezzanine-f16fadeca6-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-156/ddr-densho-156-328-mezzanine-f16fadeca6-a.jpg"},"title":"Weekly Press Review No. 16","description":"Original summary excerpt: From a public relations standpoint, the food situation at Heart Mountain was a major press issue of the week. Seven articles by Jack Carberry in the Denver Post attacked WRA's administration of the project. Appealing to the emotions of readers recently aroused by the Tokyo executions, these articles were notable for half truths, omissions, and misinterpretation of the facts. Most serious charges concerned mess operations. WRA was accused of hoarding canned goods prior to rationing, of being wasteful and extravagant in ordering and using food supplies, and it was implied by omission that center residents are not under food rationing restrictions. Further allegations concerned consumption of bootleg liquor by evacuees and their refusal to accept lucrative outside job offers because life within the center is \"soft.\" The Denver Post series was picked up by AP and INS, whose dispatches were printed by relatively few papers. One AP dispatch included a refutation by WRA officials of some of the accusations.","extent":"2371W x 3140H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-156-328","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","creation":"May 5, 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-156-328-mezzanine-f16fadeca6-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-sjacl-2-36","model":"entity","index":"23 1948/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-sjacl-2-36/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-sjacl-2-36/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-sjacl-2/ddr-sjacl-2-36-1-mezzanine-3b27ff8a05-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-sjacl-2/ddr-sjacl-2-36-1-mezzanine-3b27ff8a05-a.jpg"},"title":"In Memory of Elaine Akagi Interview","description":"In this session, Elaine Kim led a panel of Elaine Reiko Akagi's friends (Ann Fujii Lindwall, Arlene Oki, Karen Yoshitomi, and Bill Tashima) in a remembrance conversation on Akagi. Elaine Reiko Akagi devoted her life to JACL, teaching children with special education needs, and a love of animals She was active in the Detroit Jr. JACL in the early 1960's and led the Detroit Chapter to action during the Vincent Chin murder in Detroit. After moving to Seattle in the 1990's, Akagi became Chapter President in 1996. Akagi was one of the Chapter leaders in initiating Teacher workshops to instruct teachers methods teach the lessons of the JA WWII in the classroom and to instill critical thinking in students to apply these lessons to current day issues. Akagi endowed a Chapter scholarship with a primary purpose of encouraging students of color to go into the field of special education. Akagi was a firm believer that children's education is enhanced when the teachers look like them.","extent":"1:40:07","links_children":"ddr-sjacl-2-36","creators":[{"role":"narrator","id":1047,"namepart":"Ann Fujii Lindwall"},{"role":"narrator","id":1035,"namepart":"Arlene Oki"},{"role":"narrator","id":1017,"namepart":"Karen Yoshitomi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Elaine Kim"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Bill Tashima"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Akagi, Elaine"}],"contributor":"Seattle JACL","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","creation":"13-Mar-22","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ann Fujii Lindwall narrator \nArlene Oki narrator \nKaren Yoshitomi narrator \nElaine Kim interviewer \nBill Tashima interviewer Akagi, Elaine","download_large":"ddr-sjacl-2-36-1-mezzanine-3b27ff8a05-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-2528","model":"entity","index":"24 1949/{'value': 2119, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-2528/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-2528/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-2528-mezzanine-34735684fd-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-2528-mezzanine-34735684fd-a.jpg"},"title":"Evacuation","description":"Booklet containing an illustrated commentary on forced evacuation and incarceration, newspaper clippings, and an essay, \"My viewpoint on evacuation.\" Clippings include \"Capt. Crowley tells of heroism of Nisei soldiers,\" \"Shop workers refuse Nisei on the job,\" \"Pfc. Yamamoto awarded medal for gallantry,\" \"Nisei serving armed forces in Japan,\" \"Private Naito's letter to the VFW,\" \"Two Heart Mountain GI's show outstanding valor in battle,\" \"Eligibility determination, early issuance of grants will be made at centers,\" \"Social Welfare,\" \"Evacuee grateful to WRA and other agencies,\" \"The Nisei come home,\" \"Heart Mtn. special passenger picks up threads of past life to start again,\" \"California group will form to combat racial prejudice,\" \"Nisei sergeant disappointed in friend who renounced American citizenship,\" and \"6000 Nisei face deportation soon.\" See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_2635","extent":"27 pages, 11 x 8.5 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-2528","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\")","id":"57"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service","id":"88"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Arts and literature","id":"172"},{"term":"Arts and literature -- Visual arts -- Drawing","id":"262"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"circa 1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-55-2528-mezzanine-34735684fd-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Life","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}