(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"00:49:10","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-29","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":20,"namepart":"Fred Hirasuna"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","creation":"1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Fred Hirasuna narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-hfred-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-40-6","model":"entity","index":"2 3352/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-40-6/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-40-6/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-40/ddr-pc-40-6-mezzanine-ac0609683e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-40/ddr-pc-40-6-mezzanine-ac0609683e-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 66, No. 6 (February 9, 1968)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Fight Against Racial Bias Still a Long Way to Go, Enomoto Says\" (p. 1), \"Californians polled; 48 pct. still approve Education\" (p. 1), \"'Cooperative education' urged as role for JACLers\" (p. 1), \"Huge non-Japanese audience listen to Chicago's Sunday evening Sakura Hr.\" (p. 3).","extent":"15W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-40-6","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Cross-racial relations","id":"38"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Enomoto, Jerry"},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Joe Grant"},{"namepart":"Nikaido, Roger"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Kido, Saburo"},{"namepart":"Hotta, Yosh"},{"namepart":"Kumamoto, Alan"},{"namepart":"Matsui, Jeffrey"},{"namepart":"Kunitsugu, Kats"},{"namepart":"Gima, Richard"},{"namepart":"Taketa, Tom"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"February 9, 1968","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League publisher Enomoto, Jerry \nMasaoka, Joe Grant \nNikaido, Roger \nHosokawa, Bill \nKido, Saburo \nHotta, Yosh \nKumamoto, Alan \nMatsui, Jeffrey \nKunitsugu, Kats \nGima, Richard \nTaketa, Tom","download_large":"ddr-pc-40-6-mezzanine-ac0609683e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-42-8","model":"entity","index":"3 3353/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-42-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-42-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-8-mezzanine-c9d83b0e06-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-8-mezzanine-c9d83b0e06-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 70, No. 8 (February 27, 1970)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Rules announced for Inagaki chapter prize\" (p. 1), \"Nisei parents of 22,000 pupils in L.A. schools ponder bussing\" (p. 1), \"42 Walnut Grove Japanese families of 'Backtown' stick together to buy tract\" (p. 1), \"'Title II' Campaign: Unanimous expressions cast by Calif. legislature\" (p. 1), \"9 nat'l Jewish groups for repeal\" (p. 1), \"Berkeley appoints 32 to task force on Asian studies\" (p. 1), \"Claims of American Indians\" (p. 3), \"Yellow Brotherhood House Site in Southwest L.A.; $10,000 Down\" (p. 3), \"Rules: Chapter Citizenship Award\" (p. 6).","extent":"15W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-42-8","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Enomoto, Jerry"},{"namepart":"Epstein, Aaron"},{"namepart":"Sugiyama, S.J."},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Kajioka, Mae"},{"namepart":"Kasai, Alice"},{"namepart":"Hoki, Murray"},{"namepart":"Inagaki, George J."},{"namepart":"Gima, Richard"},{"namepart":"Manbo, Mas"},{"namepart":"Beekman, Allan"}],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"February 27, 1970","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Enomoto, Jerry \nEpstein, Aaron \nSugiyama, S.J. \nMasaoka, Mike \nKajioka, Mae \nKasai, Alice \nHoki, Murray \nInagaki, George J. \nGima, Richard \nManbo, Mas \nBeekman, Allan","download_large":"ddr-pc-42-8-mezzanine-c9d83b0e06-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-510-41","model":"entity","index":"4 3354/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-510-41/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-510-41/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-510/ddr-densho-510-41-mezzanine-37ad8e2bd6-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-510/ddr-densho-510-41-mezzanine-37ad8e2bd6-a.jpg"},"title":"Comedian Hope apologizes for Jamboree joke","description":"Newspaper Clipping","extent":"8.5W x 11H","links_children":"ddr-densho-510-41","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Pacific Citizen"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Sansei","id":"338"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts of America","id":"23"},{"term":"Journalism and media","id":"387"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Race and racism","id":"36"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts of America","id":"23"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Boy Scouts of America"},{"namepart":"Pacific Citizen"},{"namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr0093n00","namepart":"Nakagawa, Ben"},{"namepart":"Hope, Bob"},{"namepart":"Barber, Alden"},{"namepart":"Grant, Ward"},{"namepart":"Winder, Don"},{"namepart":"Nakagawa, Mako"},{"namepart":"Watanabe, James"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"clipping","location":"Los Angeles, California; Seattle, Washington","creation":"August 31, 1973","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Pacific Citizen publisher Boy Scouts of America \nPacific Citizen \nJapanese American Citizens League \nNakagawa, Ben 88922nr0093n00\nHope, Bob \nBarber, Alden \nGrant, Ward \nWinder, Don \nNakagawa, Mako \nWatanabe, James","download_large":"ddr-densho-510-41-mezzanine-37ad8e2bd6-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-37-673","model":"entity","index":"5 3355/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-37-673/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-37-673/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-37/ddr-densho-37-673-mezzanine-0c5bc3c2b0-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-37/ddr-densho-37-673-mezzanine-0c5bc3c2b0-a.jpg"},"title":"Family outside barracks","description":"Original WRA caption: Sakamoto family picture on golden wedding anniversary of Joseph Gerald Osamu Sakamoto and Mary Ann Tsuchi Sakamoto, both 80, at the Minidoka Relocation Center on December 11, 1943. Married in Japan, they came to the U.S. in 1894. Mr. Sakamoto was an early Seattle hotel proprietor. His son, James Y. Sakamoto, 40, is pictured with his family, Marietta Misao, wife, 37; Marie Mineyo, 11, Marcia Tsuyumi, 6, and Justine Denice, 8 months daughters. James Sakamoto, a U.S. citizen, attended Franklin high school in Seattle and studied at Princeton University in 1921 and 1922. He took up boxing and fought from ban tom weight to junior lightweight. He was probably the first person of Japanese ancestry to fight in Madison Square Garden. His left eye was injured and in 1927 in a fight in Utica, NY his right eye was blinded due to detachment of the retina. He returned to Seattle when he lost his sight entirely. Having done newspaper work in New York as English Editor of the Japanese-American, he turned to journalism in Seattle and on January 1, 1928 started publishing the Japanese-American Courier, first Japanese-American newspaper printed entirely in English. He is a past president of the Japanese American Citizens League.","links_children":"ddr-densho-37-673","format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"photograph","location":"Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"11-Dec-43","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-37-673-mezzanine-0c5bc3c2b0-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-400-10","model":"entity","index":"6 3356/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-400-10/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-400-10/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-10-1-mezzanine-d7276a7a7d-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-10-1-mezzanine-d7276a7a7d-a.jpg"},"title":"Frances Kaji Interview","description":"Frances Kaji was born on April 30, 1928, in Gardena, California. She grew up in Gardena as the daughter of pioneer physician Kikuwo Tashiro. She remembers Gardena as it changed from a rural to suburban community. During World War II, her family moved to Fresno to avoid incarceration but was eventually imprisoned at the concentration camp at Poston concentration camp, Arizona. After leaving camp, Kaji endured primitive conditions at a Colorado sugar beet farm and moved to Denver. After the war, her family resettled in Boyle Heights where she married Bruce Kaji and moved back to Gardena. She and her husband became involved in civic activities, including the sister city programs. They also helped found the Japanese American National Museum in Los Angeles' Little Tokyo.\r\n\r\nThis interview is part of the South Bay History Project created by the South Bay Chapter of the Japanese American Citizens League.","extent":"1:12:44","links_children":"ddr-densho-400-10","creators":[{"role":"narrator","id":412,"namepart":"Frances Midori Tashiro Kaji"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Midori Kamei"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"California","facility":[{"term":"Poston (Colorado River)","id":"2"}],"creation":"September 22, 2003","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frances Midori Tashiro Kaji narrator \nMidori Kamei interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-400-10-1-mezzanine-d7276a7a7d-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1002-2","model":"entity","index":"7 3357/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1002-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1002-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-sshosuke-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-sshosuke-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Shosuke Sasaki Interview","description":"Issei male. Born 1912 in Yamaguchi ken, Japan. Immigrated to United States in 1919. Lived in Pomeroy, Washington, and Seattle, Washington, before World War II. Incarcerated at the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Resettled in New York. As a member of the Newspaper Guild, led effort to eliminate pejorative use of \"Jap\" in newspapers. Was a strong critic of the Japanese American Citizens League (JACL). After moving to Seattle, was active in formulating the \"Seattle Plan\" for redress in the early 1970s.
(This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"01:42:25","links_children":"ddr-densho-1002-2","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":82,"namepart":"Shosuke Sasaki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Chizu Omori"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Emiko Omori"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Emiko Omori and Paul Mailman"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0060627","namepart":"Sasaki, Shosuke"}],"contributor":"Emiko and Chizuko Omori Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"September 28, 1992","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Shosuke Sasaki narrator \nChizu Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori and Paul Mailman videographer Sasaki, Shosuke 88922nr0060627","download_large":"denshovh-sshosuke-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-17","model":"entity","index":"8 3358/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-17/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-17/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kkats_g-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kkats_g-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Kats Kunitsugu - Paul Tsuneishi Interview","description":"Kats Kunitsugu is a Nisei female, incarcerated at Heart Mountain concentration camp during World War II. Was on the staff of the camp's newspaper, the Heart Mountain Sentinel.
Paul Tsuneishi is a Nisei male. Incarcerated at Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming, and was drafted into the military at age eighteen. After World War II, served as a district governor for the Japanese American Citizens League (JACL) in Southern California. In his position with the JACL, sought to reconcile the Japanese American community with the World War II draft resisters.(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"00:43:27","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-17","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":159,"namepart":"Kats Kunitsugu"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":160,"namepart":"Paul Tsuneishi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0052x2n","namepart":"Hirooka, Katsumi"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr011bh2z","namepart":"Tsuneishi, Paul Hiroshi"}],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"August 22, 1995","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kats Kunitsugu narrator \nPaul Tsuneishi narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer Hirooka, Katsumi 88922nr0052x2n\nTsuneishi, Paul Hiroshi 88922nr011bh2z","download_large":"denshovh-kkats_g-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-39-52","model":"entity","index":"9 3359/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-39-52/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-39-52/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-39/ddr-pc-39-52-mezzanine-377d683000-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-39/ddr-pc-39-52-mezzanine-377d683000-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 65, No. 25 (December 22-29, 1967)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Supreme Court and the Nisei: 'Equal Justice Under Law' nearer reality for Japanese Americans\" (p. 1), \"Individual choice in marriage not a concern for State\" (p. 1), \"Is Warren's legal philosophy of today a consequence of Evacuation?\" (p. 1), \"Takao Ozawa Case imbeds Issei to 'ineligible for citizenship' predicament\" (p. 1), \"'The Bill of Rights and the Military': Warren\" (p. 1), \"The Korematsu Case: ACLU's brief and the Supreme Court's decisions\" (p. 3), \"Evacuation ruled constitutional 6 to 3\" (p. 3), \"ACLU Brief: The Korematsu Case\" (p. 8), \"Terrace vs. Thompson: Common law prevails in early Washington alien land issue\" (p. 17), \"Gakuen era far from over--Hawaii once sought its demise\" (p. 23), \"The JACL Story: For Better Americans in a Greater America\" (p. 33), \"National Constitution Japanese American Citizens League\" (p. 53).\r\n\r\nThe holiday issue included advertisements bought by JACL members and chapters that included personal addresses and phone numbers to better foster communications between Japanese American communities. These addresses and phone numbers have been redacted to help protect the privacy of Japanese American communities. Please contact Densho to request the original version.","extent":"15W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-39-52","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases","id":"96"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Enomoto, Jerry"},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Gordon, Harold"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Beekman, Allan"},{"namepart":"Korematsu, Fred"},{"namepart":"Honda, Harry K."},{"namepart":"Marutani, William"},{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon"},{"namepart":"Hotta, Yosh"},{"namepart":"Matsumura, Phil"},{"namepart":"Matsumura, Phil"},{"namepart":"Ogawa, Elmer"},{"namepart":"Taketa, Henry"},{"namepart":"Endo, Todd"},{"namepart":"Tajima, Kinjiro"},{"namepart":"Toyama, Thomas"},{"namepart":"Nishio, Frank"},{"namepart":"Murayama, Tamotsu"},{"namepart":"Taniguchi, Jean"},{"namepart":"Nakamura, Ellen"},{"namepart":"Nakamura, Kennon"},{"namepart":"Matsumura, Shirley"},{"namepart":"Sabusawa, Mary"},{"namepart":"Matsushima, John K."}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"December 22-29, 1967","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Enomoto, Jerry \nMasaoka, Mike \nGordon, Harold \nHosokawa, Bill \nBeekman, Allan \nKorematsu, Fred \nHonda, Harry K. \nMarutani, William \nHirabayashi, Gordon \nHotta, Yosh \nMatsumura, Phil \nMatsumura, Phil \nOgawa, Elmer \nTaketa, Henry \nEndo, Todd \nTajima, Kinjiro \nToyama, Thomas \nNishio, Frank \nMurayama, Tamotsu \nTaniguchi, Jean \nNakamura, Ellen \nNakamura, Kennon \nMatsumura, Shirley \nSabusawa, Mary \nMatsushima, John K.","download_large":"ddr-pc-39-52-mezzanine-377d683000-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-42-12","model":"entity","index":"10 3360/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-42-12/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-42-12/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-12-mezzanine-70baedb044-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-12-mezzanine-70baedb044-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 70, No. 12 (March 27, 1970)","description":"Selected article titles: \"JACL brands Japanese American students smart, affluent a myth\" (p. 1), \"Asian Americans protest attitude of Area Crusade\" (p. 1), \"Title II repeal hearings open: Goldberg calls it unconstitutional\" (p. 1), \"Asians picket Seattle NVC fete at Elks Club. Quiet Demonstration Against 'White Only' Elk Policy, Patronage\" (p. 3), \"Brazilian Nisei among 5 swapped for Japan official\" (p. 3), \"Oriental banks in state rapped over job policy\" (p. 3), \"Japanese emigration to Hawaii drops\" (p. 5).","extent":"15W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-42-12","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Enomoto, Jerry"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Harano, Ross"},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Morishige, Fred"},{"namepart":"Kashiwa, Shiro"},{"namepart":"Okimoto, Joseph"},{"namepart":"Sano, Roy"},{"namepart":"Gima, Richard"},{"namepart":"Honda, Tsujimura, James"},{"namepart":"Nishida, Mori"},{"namepart":"Beekman"}],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"March 27, 1970","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Enomoto, Jerry \nHosokawa, Bill \nHarano, Ross \nMasaoka, Mike \nMorishige, Fred \nKashiwa, Shiro \nOkimoto, Joseph \nSano, Roy \nGima, Richard \nHonda, Tsujimura, James \nNishida, Mori \nBeekman","download_large":"ddr-pc-42-12-mezzanine-70baedb044-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-42-38","model":"entity","index":"11 3361/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-42-38/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-42-38/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-38-mezzanine-12359c7a07-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-38-mezzanine-12359c7a07-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 71, No. 13 (September 25, 1970)","description":"Selected article titles: \"19 Succumb in Issei Operated L.A. Hotel Fire\" (p. 1), \"'Perfecting' amendments to Title II repeal inserted\" (p. 1), \"PSWDC backs Issei housing plans\" (p. 1), \"A slit throat hasn't scared Ranko\" (p. 1), \"Lack evidence in racial slur charge by five\" (p. 2), \"Majority disapprove anti-miscegenation law\" (p. 2), \"Seminar told Evacuation left 'scars' on Nikkei\" (p. 2), \"It didn't take too long for Truman to decide to drop A-bomb on Hiroshima\" (p. 3), \"Inquiring reporter asks San Joseans about 'relocation camp' in next war\" (p. 4).","extent":"15W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-42-38","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Uno, Raymond"},{"namepart":"Flaherty, Marjorie"},{"namepart":"Tsukamoto, Ron"},{"namepart":"Kido, Saburo"},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Furutani, Warren"},{"namepart":"Gima, Richard"},{"namepart":"Beekman, Allan"},{"namepart":"Henry, Jim"},{"namepart":"Kunitsugu, Kats"},{"namepart":"Inouye, Daniel"}],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"September 25, 1970","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Uno, Raymond \nFlaherty, Marjorie \nTsukamoto, Ron \nKido, Saburo \nMasaoka, Mike \nHosokawa, Bill \nFurutani, Warren \nGima, Richard \nBeekman, Allan \nHenry, Jim \nKunitsugu, Kats \nInouye, Daniel","download_large":"ddr-pc-42-38-mezzanine-12359c7a07-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-42-19","model":"entity","index":"12 3362/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-42-19/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-42-19/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-19-mezzanine-9ed0f84ffa-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-19-mezzanine-9ed0f84ffa-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 70, No. 19 (May 15, 1970)","description":"Selected article titles: \"What can youth do in community service area?\" (p. 1), \"Nisei of Biennium list told\" (p. 1), \"Nonimmigrant status liberalized\" (p. 1), \"Nation's TV stations alerted to anti-Nisei films\" (p. 1), \"Abusive epithet cause for damage suit in court\" (p. 3).","extent":"15W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-42-19","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Enomoto, Jerry"},{"namepart":"Kubokawa, Charles"},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Inouye, Daniel"},{"namepart":"Matsunaga, Spark"},{"namepart":"Mink, Patsy"},{"namepart":"Sano, Roy"},{"namepart":"Gima, Richard"},{"namepart":"Henry, Jim"},{"namepart":"Kunitsugu, Kats"},{"namepart":"Beekman, Allan"}],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"May 15, 1970","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Enomoto, Jerry \nKubokawa, Charles \nMasaoka, Mike \nHosokawa, Bill \nInouye, Daniel \nMatsunaga, Spark \nMink, Patsy \nSano, Roy \nGima, Richard \nHenry, Jim \nKunitsugu, Kats \nBeekman, Allan","download_large":"ddr-pc-42-19-mezzanine-9ed0f84ffa-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-510-29","model":"entity","index":"13 3363/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-510-29/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-510-29/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-510/ddr-densho-510-29-mezzanine-f4e4e49b9b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-510/ddr-densho-510-29-mezzanine-f4e4e49b9b-a.jpg"},"title":"Bob Hope Is Accused Of Racial Slurring","description":"Newspaper Clipping","extent":"8.5W x 11H","links_children":"ddr-densho-510-29","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Seattle Post-Intelligencer"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts of America","id":"23"},{"term":"Journalism and media","id":"387"},{"term":"Race and racism","id":"36"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Japanese American identity","id":"47"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts of America","id":"23"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Boy Scouts of America"},{"namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"},{"namepart":"Seattle Post-Intelligencer"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr0093n00","namepart":"Nakagawa, Ben"},{"namepart":"Hope, Bob"},{"namepart":"Tolman, Cary"},{"namepart":"Grant, Ward"},{"namepart":"Christofero, L. S."},{"namepart":"Winder, Don"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"clipping","location":"Seattle, Washington; Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"August 11, 1973","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Seattle Post-Intelligencer publisher Boy Scouts of America \nJapanese American Citizens League \nSeattle Post-Intelligencer \nNakagawa, Ben 88922nr0093n00\nHope, Bob \nTolman, Cary \nGrant, Ward \nChristofero, L. S. \nWinder, Don","download_large":"ddr-densho-510-29-mezzanine-f4e4e49b9b-a.jpg"},{"id":"964","model":"narrator","index":"14 3364/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/964/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/964/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1021-2_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1021-2_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/964/interviews/"},"display_name":"Geri Handa","bio":"Geri Handa was born in San Jose, California, in 1948, and studied in the early 1970s at the School of Social Welfare at the University of California, Los Angeles, with a focus on community organizing and social services for seniors. She joined Asians for Community Actions in San Jose and worked at Keiro Nursing Home in Los Angeles while she was still attending the school. In the early 1980s, Handa became involved with Friends of Hibakusha, a group created in support of US survivors of the atomic bombings. Since then, she has been one of the most active members of the organization. A Sansei, Handa has worked with Sansei lawyers and attorneys who took interest in US hibakusha from civil rights viewpoints, including Donald K. Tamaki whose oral history is part of this collection. She has worked with representatives of the Asian Law Alliances, the Asian Law Caucus, and the Japanese American Citizens League, in order to secure US government's recognition of US survivors. Although their effort ultimately failed, Handa says that it is \"remarkable\" that US survivors gained recognition and support for treating their radiation illnesses from the Japanese government. She has been a key organizer of the medical checkups conducted by Japanese physicians in San Francisco every other year since 1977. Throughout the interview, Handa emphasizes the importance of community engagement, multiculturalism, and lasting connections made through her work for US hibakusha."},{"id":"ddr-densho-400-12","model":"entity","index":"15 3365/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-400-12/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-400-12/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-12-mezzanine-fb9264f6e4-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-12-mezzanine-fb9264f6e4-a.jpg"},"title":"Harold Takashi Kobata Interview","description":"Harold Takashi Kobata was born on April 5, 1926, in Gardena, California. He grew up in Gardena where his uncle, mother and older brothers ran a flower nursery. The family moved to Salt Lake City, Utah, during World War II, where Kobata worked as a gardener while attending high school. After the war the family returned to Gardena and resumed operation of the nursery. Kobata attended Compton Community College and USC where he was graduated with a degree in chemical engineering. Kobata worked for the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power until he retired at the age of 69.\r\n\r\nThis interview is part of the South Bay History Project created by the South Bay Chapter of the Japanese American Citizens League.","extent":"1:12:43","links_children":"ddr-densho-400-12","creators":[{"role":"narrator","namepart":"Harold Takashi Kobata"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Lily Nakatani"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Non-incarcerated Japanese Americans -- \"Voluntary evacuation\"","id":"56"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"California","creation":"March 22, 2004","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Harold Takashi Kobata narrator \nLily Nakatani interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-400-12-mezzanine-fb9264f6e4-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-7-23","model":"entity","index":"16 3366/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-7-23/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-7-23/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-tjim_2-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-tjim_2-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Jim Tsujimura Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born February 10, 1931, in Westport, Oregon. Grew up in Portland, Oregon. During World War II, removed to the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. After leaving camp, returned to Oregon for high school and college and went to medical school, eventually becoming a successful opthalmologist. Served in leadership positions with the Japanese American Citizens League at the district and national levels, and was involved in the redress movement of the 1970s and '80s.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:50:47","links_children":"ddr-one-7-23","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":691,"namepart":"Jim Tsujimura"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Margaret Barton Ross"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tim Rooney"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Portland, Oregon","creation":"July 24, 2003","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Jim Tsujimura narrator \nMargaret Barton Ross interviewer \nTim Rooney videographer","download_large":"denshovh-tjim_2-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-401","model":"entity","index":"17 3367/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-401/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-401/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hjohn_2-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hjohn_2-01-a.jpg"},"title":"John Y. Hayakawa Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born April 2, 1918, in San Francisco, California. Grew up in San Jose, California, where father ran a farm. Was an active member of the Japanese American Citizens League and helped to run the San Jose office after Japan bombed Pearl Harbor in 1941. During World War II, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. After the war, returned to San Jose.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:16:12","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-401","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":650,"namepart":"John Y. Hayakawa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0051w00","namepart":"Hayakawa, Yoneo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Jose, California","creation":"March 21, 2012","status":"completed","search_hidden":"John Y. Hayakawa narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Hayakawa, Yoneo 88922nr0051w00","download_large":"denshovh-hjohn_2-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1003-3","model":"entity","index":"18 3368/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1003-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1003-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1003/denshovh-gnancy-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1003/denshovh-gnancy-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Nancy Nakata Gohata Interview","description":"Sansei female. Born October 16, 1940, in Compton, California. As an infant, taken with family to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. After the government issued the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire,\" family was transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, lived for ten years at a farm labor camp on an island outside of Stockton. Eventually ended up living in the San Fernando Valley, and became very active with the Japanese American Citizens League.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:40:41","links_children":"ddr-densho-1003-3","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":623,"namepart":"Nancy Nakata Gohata"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Sharon Yamato"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Ann Kaneko"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0127t1w","namepart":"Nakata, Yaiko Nancy"}],"contributor":"Friends of Manzanar Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"November 29, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Nancy Nakata Gohata narrator \nSharon Yamato interviewer \nAnn Kaneko videographer Nakata, Yaiko Nancy 88922nr0127t1w","download_large":"denshovh-gnancy-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-28-34","model":"entity","index":"19 3369/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-28-34/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-28-34/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-28/ddr-pc-28-34-mezzanine-2e4659c751-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-28/ddr-pc-28-34-mezzanine-2e4659c751-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 43, No. 8 (August 24, 1956)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Sen. Kuchel praises decade of JACL accomplishments in Congress\" (p. 1), \"Opening Ceremonies program announced; chorals, addresses to be featured\" (p. 1), \"Issei citizen may win special award\" (p. 2), \"Over 3,000 assurances for Japanese refugees provided by U.S. citizen\" (p. 2), \"Nearly 20,000 Issei naturalized American citizens, 14,000 in 1955\" (p. 3), :500 Japanese Farm Laborers Due in California on 3-Yr. Contract\" (p. 3), \"Nearly 20,000 Issei naturalized American citizens; 14,000 in 1955\" (p. 3), \"Rosenberg Foundation, Assemblyman Maloney, Annie C. Watson to be specially honored by Nat'l JACL at convention luncheon\" (p. 4), \"JACL peculiarly well qualified to demonstrate promotion of U.S.-Japan friendship, Sen. Kuchel tells congressmen\" (p. 5), \"Record turnout expected at 14th Nat'l convention\" (p. 8).","extent":"11.5W x 17H","links_children":"ddr-pc-28-34","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Terasaki, Tak"},{"namepart":"Honda, Harry K."},{"namepart":"Murayama, Tamotsu"},{"namepart":"Tajiri, Larry S."},{"namepart":"Sakurada, Smoky H."},{"namepart":"Kushida, Tats"},{"namepart":"Enomoto, Jerry"},{"namepart":"Ogawa, Elmer"},{"namepart":"Mori, Henry"}],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"August 24, 1956","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Masaoka, Mike \nHosokawa, Bill \nTerasaki, Tak \nHonda, Harry K. \nMurayama, Tamotsu \nTajiri, Larry S. \nSakurada, Smoky H. \nKushida, Tats \nEnomoto, Jerry \nOgawa, Elmer \nMori, Henry","download_large":"ddr-pc-28-34-mezzanine-2e4659c751-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-42-13","model":"entity","index":"20 3370/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-42-13/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-42-13/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-13-mezzanine-d81e1afa3e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-13-mezzanine-d81e1afa3e-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 70, No. 13 (April 3, 1970)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Friends to establish Masaoka trust fund\" (p. 1), \"Earl Warren speaks out on Title II\" (p. 1), \"History of the Japanese in Utah placed in archives of state society\" (p. 1), \"Reno Nisei candidate in recall petition of three councilmen\" (p. 1), \"School integration resolution offered\" (p. 1), \"Court rules on literacy test for Cal. voters\" (p. 3), \"Linguist sees end to use of Nihongo in Hawaii in 40 yrs.\" (p. 3), \"San Francisco's Chinese students ask court for aid\" (p. 3), \"Racism in military aired\" (p. 3), \"JACL coordinating HR 14910 push\" (p. 4), \"Asian Studies - About Time\" (p. 4).","extent":"15W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-42-13","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"Education -- Higher education","id":"34"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Enomoto, Jerry"},{"namepart":"Sakamoto, Jean"},{"namepart":"Uno, Edison"},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Horikawa, Herb"},{"namepart":"Mink, Patsy"},{"namepart":"Kai, Fred S."},{"namepart":"Gima, Richard"},{"namepart":"Kunitsugu, Kats"},{"namepart":"Henry, Jim"},{"namepart":"Beekman, Allan"}],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"April 3, 1970","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Enomoto, Jerry \nSakamoto, Jean \nUno, Edison \nMasaoka, Mike \nHosokawa, Bill \nHorikawa, Herb \nMink, Patsy \nKai, Fred S. \nGima, Richard \nKunitsugu, Kats \nHenry, Jim \nBeekman, Allan","download_large":"ddr-pc-42-13-mezzanine-d81e1afa3e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-42-37","model":"entity","index":"21 3371/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-42-37/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-42-37/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-37-mezzanine-030c92485e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-37-mezzanine-030c92485e-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 71, No. 12 (September 18, 1970)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Asian workers charge racial slur in hiring\" (p. 1), \"Charge job bias at Fisherman's Wharf\" (p. 1), \"Third World solidarity still a myth, Furutani tells reporter at Atlanta\" (p. 1), \"Buddhist chanting ruled 'disturbing'\" (p. 1), \"Title II repeal hearings end\" (p. 1), \"Oriental picket surprise officials at Shell Oil office\" (p. 1), \"Dynamics of Asian American Studies\" (p. 2), \"Fisherman Wharf restaurants accused of discriminatory hiring practices\" (p. 3).","extent":"15W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-42-37","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"Education -- Higher education","id":"34"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Uno, Raymond"},{"namepart":"Hayashi, Don"},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Ushiba, Nobuhiko"},{"namepart":"Kuramoto, Dan"},{"namepart":"Beekman, Allan"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Wakabayashi, Hamanaka, Joe"},{"namepart":"Gima, Richard"},{"namepart":"Manbo, Mas"},{"namepart":"Oyama, Joe"},{"namepart":"Enomoto, Jerry"}],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"September 18, 1970","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Uno, Raymond \nHayashi, Don \nMasaoka, Mike \nUshiba, Nobuhiko \nKuramoto, Dan \nBeekman, Allan \nHosokawa, Bill \nWakabayashi, Hamanaka, Joe \nGima, Richard \nManbo, Mas \nOyama, Joe \nEnomoto, Jerry","download_large":"ddr-pc-42-37-mezzanine-030c92485e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-400-4","model":"entity","index":"22 3372/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-400-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-400-4/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-4-mezzanine-7ce637ef82-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-4-mezzanine-7ce637ef82-a.jpg"},"title":"Tetsuo \"Ted\" Hasegawa Interview","description":"Ted Hasegawa was born on January 16, 1921, in Sacramento, California, and educated in Japan. When he returned to Torrance, California, where his parents farmed, he started kindergarten at the age of 11. After high school, he took automotive classes at a trade school in Los Angeles. Hasegawa witnessed the mass eviction of Japanese residents from Terminal Island and was later imprisoned with his family at Santa Anita Race Track and concentration camps in California and Rohwer, Arkansas. He was drafted by the US Army and released because of poor health. He worked as a mechanic for Chevrolet in Chicago and at a vineyard near Lodi before returning to Torrance in 1948. In Torrance he opened an automotive repair business. \r\n\r\nThis interview is part of the South Bay History Project created by the South Bay Chapter of the Japanese American Citizens League.","extent":"1:53:05","links_children":"ddr-densho-400-4","creators":[{"role":"narrator","namepart":"Tetsuo \"Ted\" Hasegawa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Diana Tanaka"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"contributor":"South Bay JACL","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"California","facility":[{"term":"Rohwer","id":"9"},{"term":"Santa Anita","id":"23"}],"creation":"July 26, 2003","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tetsuo \"Ted\" Hasegawa narrator \nDiana Tanaka interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-400-4-mezzanine-7ce637ef82-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-39-47","model":"entity","index":"23 3373/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-39-47/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-39-47/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-39/ddr-pc-39-47-mezzanine-19f753de5e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-39/ddr-pc-39-47-mezzanine-19f753de5e-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 65, No. 20 (November 17, 1967)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Anti-Miscegenation Laws Still Prevail: American Samoa Tradition Prohibiting Orientals Marrying Natives Challenged\" (p. 1), \"South African with Japanese bride unable to bring her home\" (p. 1), \"Historians Moan Loss of Issei Papers: Documents Needed to Support Research on Japanese in U.S.\" (p. 1), \"JACL Role as Human Rights Organization Stressed at West L.A., San Gabriel\" (p. 1), \"30,000 A-Bomb Survivors: Gov't survey shows 30% still need care; results protested\" (p. 5).","extent":"15W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-39-47","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Enomoto, Jerry"},{"namepart":"Honda, Harry"},{"namepart":"Inouye, Daniel"},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Takahashi, Lawrence"},{"namepart":"Hotta, Yosh"},{"namepart":"Matsui, Jeffrey"},{"namepart":"Takahashi, Homer"},{"namepart":"Kumamoto, Alan"},{"namepart":"Gima, Richard"},{"namepart":"Kunitsugu, Kats"},{"namepart":"Henry, Jim"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"November 17, 1967","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Enomoto, Jerry \nHonda, Harry \nInouye, Daniel \nMasaoka, Mike \nHosokawa, Bill \nTakahashi, Lawrence \nHotta, Yosh \nMatsui, Jeffrey \nTakahashi, Homer \nKumamoto, Alan \nGima, Richard \nKunitsugu, Kats \nHenry, Jim","download_large":"ddr-pc-39-47-mezzanine-19f753de5e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-42-39","model":"entity","index":"24 3374/{'value': 3716, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-42-39/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-42-39/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-39-mezzanine-de83889828-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-39-mezzanine-de83889828-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 71, No. 14 (October 2, 1970)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Anti-defamation resolutions up for House vote, JACL in support\" (p. 1), \"Monterey youth shot in back after S.F. Chinatown argument\" (p. 1), \"Special studies on East Coast Japanese set\" (p. 1), \"House fight seen on Title II repeal bill\" (p. 1), \"Mainland Nisei organized to help reelection of Hawaii Rep. Matsunaga\" (p. 1), \"'Melting Pot' Now Folklore\" (p. 1), \"Power behind campus unrest told in Berkeley editor's talk to MIS vets\" (p. 2), \"San Franciscans preview 'Matsuri', film relating to Nikkei experiences\" (p. 3).","extent":"15W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-42-39","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Uno, Raymond"},{"namepart":"Matsunaga, Spark"},{"namepart":"De Blasi, Sal"},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Beekman, Allan"},{"namepart":"Hayashi, Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Inouye, Daniel"},{"namepart":"Gima, Richard"},{"namepart":"Henry, Jim"},{"namepart":"Kunitsugu, Kats"},{"namepart":"Oyama, Joe"},{"namepart":"Enomoto, Jerry"}],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"October 2, 1970","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Uno, Raymond \nMatsunaga, Spark \nDe Blasi, Sal \nMasaoka, Mike \nBeekman, Allan \nHayashi, Hosokawa, Bill \nInouye, Daniel \nGima, Richard \nHenry, Jim \nKunitsugu, Kats \nOyama, Joe \nEnomoto, Jerry","download_large":"ddr-pc-42-39-mezzanine-de83889828-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Japanese American Citizens' League","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}