(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:15:08","links_children":"ddr-densho-1001-5","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":246,"namepart":"Shimako \"Sally\" Kitano"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Kitamoto"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0128k2m","namepart":"Nishimori, Shimako Sally"}],"contributor":"Bainbridge Island Japanese American Community Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Bainbridge Island, Washington","creation":"February 26, 2006","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Shimako \"Sally\" Kitano narrator \nFrank Kitamoto interviewer Nishimori, Shimako Sally 88922nr0128k2m","download_large":"denshovh-ksally-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1001-34","model":"entity","index":"1 5501/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1001-34/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1001-34/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1001/denshovh-stadashi-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1001/denshovh-stadashi-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Tadashi Sakuma Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born May 20, 1913, in Hiroshima, Japan, and immigrated to the United States at the age of eleven. Lived on Bainbridge Island, Washington. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California, later transferring to the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. After leaving camp, lived in Moses Lake, Washington, for a time before eventually returning to Bainbridge Island.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"00:36:01","links_children":"ddr-densho-1001-34","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":285,"namepart":"Tadashi Sakuma"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Gary Sakuma"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr012d53x","namepart":"Sakuma, Tadashi"}],"contributor":"Bainbridge Island Japanese American Community Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Bainbridge Island, Washington","creation":"August 5, 2007","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tadashi Sakuma narrator \nGary Sakuma interviewer Sakuma, Tadashi 88922nr012d53x","download_large":"denshovh-stadashi-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1006-1","model":"entity","index":"2 5502/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1006-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1006-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1006/denshovh-imitsu-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1006/denshovh-imitsu-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Mitsu Ito Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born August 20, 1924, in Mission, British Columbia, Canada. Grew up in Mission, attending school and helping on family farm. Left home to work several jobs, including in a sawmill and on a sugar beet farm. After World War II, moved to Japan, worked as an interpreter for the British Army, and got married. Moved to Toronto, Canada, in the 1950s and raised two sons. In later life, active in Toronto's Japanese Canadian community, and was involved with charitable foundations.
(This interview was conducted by the JC Legacy Project, a project of the Japanese Canadian Cultural Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.)","extent":"01:15:44","links_children":"ddr-densho-1006-1","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":197,"namepart":"Mitsu Ito"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Mary Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tak Yano"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Japanese Canadian Cultural Centre Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Toronto, Ontario, Canada","creation":"March 23, 2005","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mitsu Ito narrator \nMary Ito interviewer \nTak Yano videographer","download_large":"denshovh-imitsu-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1005-4","model":"entity","index":"3 5503/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1005-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1005-4/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1005/denshovh-tdave-03-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1005/denshovh-tdave-03-a.jpg"},"title":"Dave Tatsuno Interview II","description":"Nisei male. Born March 31, 1913, in San Francisco, California. Spent difficult childhood years in San Francisco under care of a guardian while family lived in Japan. Graduated with a degree in business administration from the University of California at Berkeley before World War II. Removed to Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and then to Topaz concentration camp, Utah. While in Topaz, was permitted to travel around the country as a buyer for the camp co-op store, and also obtained permission to shoot home movie footage from within the camp itself. After World War II, established the Nichibei Bussan Department Store in San Jose's Japantown.","extent":"01:10:18","links_children":"ddr-densho-1005-4","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":195,"namepart":"Dave Tatsuno"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Wendy Hanamura"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Emiko Omori"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zs7j","namepart":"Tatsuno, David Masaharu"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Film Preservation Project Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Jose, California","creation":"May 17, 2005","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Dave Tatsuno narrator \nWendy Hanamura interviewer \nEmiko Omori videographer Tatsuno, David Masaharu 88922nr015zs7j","download_large":"denshovh-tdave-03-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-119-41","model":"entity","index":"4 5504/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-119-41/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-119-41/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-119/ddr-densho-119-41-mezzanine-0732345993-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-119/ddr-densho-119-41-mezzanine-0732345993-a.jpg"},"title":"Minidoka Irrigator Vol. III No. 14 (May 29, 1943)","description":"Selected article titles: \"War Dep't. Action Opens Army Post Jobs to Nisei\" (p. 1), \"Center Residents to Vote Soon on Charter for Self-Government\" (p. 1), \"2nd U.S.-Japan Exchange of 1,500 Civilians Seen\" (p. 2), \"Arizona Protests Evacuee Influx Into Rich Lands\" (p. 2), \"95% of Those Relocated in Chicago Making Successful Readjustments, Survey by Advisory Group Reveals\" (p. 3), \"Beeson Calls Attention to Renewal of Civil Service Status to Evacuees\" (p. 3), \"Evacuees Hesitant in Accepting Good Jobs -- WRA Seeks Reason Why, Says Employment Head from Wash.\" (p. 3), \"Here Are the Facts On Family Reunion Camp\" (p. 4), \"Personal Property Must Be Attended to Before Leaving\" (p. 6).","extent":"1587W x 2074H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-119-41","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications -- Minidoka Irrigator","id":"173"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","location":"Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"May 29, 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-119-41-mezzanine-0732345993-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1024-19","model":"entity","index":"5 5505/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1024-19/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1024-19/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1024/ddr-densho-1024-19-mezzanine-129a19ab4e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1024/ddr-densho-1024-19-mezzanine-129a19ab4e-a.jpg"},"title":"The Japanese American","description":"Traces the relationship between the United States and Japan from Commodore Perry's mission in 1854 to the era of World War II, when Japanese Americans were declared enemy aliens and shipped to relocation camps. Shows how Japanese Americans have overcome early discrimination to become one of the most successful ethnic groups. From the collection of the Asian Pacific Resource Center at the LA County Library.\r\n\r\nSee this item in the Digital Library of the Japanese American Incarceration Films at: https://archive.org/details/japaneseamericanmontebello601apc.","extent":"00:29:22; 1 Reel of 16mm Film","links_children":"ddr-densho-1024-19","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Handel Film Corporation"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"motion_picture","creation":"1974","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Handel Film Corporation publisher","download_large":"ddr-densho-1024-19-mezzanine-129a19ab4e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1007-1577","model":"entity","index":"6 5506/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1007-1577/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1007-1577/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1007/ddr-densho-1007-1577-mezzanine-b6a5a9bb6a-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1007/ddr-densho-1007-1577-mezzanine-b6a5a9bb6a-a.jpg"},"title":"Interview with John Aiso, part 4 of 5","description":"Aiso discusses the difficulty Nisei had becoming commissioned officers, the qualities of Nisei MISLS students, how he himself learned Japanese, his time at Harvard Law School and difficulty finding a job, his time working for the British American Tobacco Company in Manchukuo, being drafted and founding the MISLS, and the role of Nisei soldiers during the occupation of Japan. Video starts at 0:25. Loni Ding can be heard asking questions behind the camera. Original title: 74, II LA #4, 7-23-85, Judge Aiso IV, Interview - Law Library, Cont. Interview continues at ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1007-1578/","extent":"00:21:09","links_children":"ddr-densho-1007-1577","creators":[{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Ding, Loni"},{"role":"interviewee","namepart":"Aiso, John"}],"topics":[{"term":"Arts and literature -- Performing arts -- Film -- Documentaries","id":"251"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Military Intelligence Service","id":"91"},{"term":"Military service -- Postwar occupation of Japan","id":"199"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Aiso, John"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"July 23, 1985","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ding, Loni interviewer \nAiso, John interviewee Aiso, John","download_large":"ddr-densho-1007-1577-mezzanine-b6a5a9bb6a-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-65-21","model":"entity","index":"7 5507/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-65-21/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-65-21/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-65/ddr-densho-65-21-mezzanine-817a04b51c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-65/ddr-densho-65-21-mezzanine-817a04b51c-a.jpg"},"title":"Tulean Dispatch Vol. III No. 26 (August 15, 1942)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Orators Wanted\" (p. 1), \"'Plenty of Food on Hand' Says Pilcher\" (p. 1), \"Messages May Be Sent to Japan\" (p. 1), \"Workers Receive June Cash Advances\" (p. 1), \"Fire Sale at 4119 Today and Sunday\" (p. 1), \"Lumber Sold at No. 1508\" (p. 1), \"Fire Crew, Wardens Thanked by Block 41\" (p. 1), \"Young Buddhists to Meet in 1420\" (p. 2), \"Will Observe: Lantern Fest\" (p. 2), \"Ex-Harvard Editor to Address Youth Rally\" (p. 2), \"Colony Taxis for Official Use Only\" (p. 2), \"Newspaper Supervisor Visits City\" (p. 3), \"Block 54 Quarantined\" (p. 3), \"Shoe Repair Shop Opens\" (p. 3).","extent":"1226W x 2114H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-65-21","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications -- Tulean Dispatch","id":"174"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Pilcher, F. R."},{"namepart":"Jacoby, Harold"},{"namepart":"Yamada, Clifford"},{"namepart":"Takahashi, B."},{"namepart":"Tani, S."},{"namepart":"Yamada, R."},{"namepart":"Reid, D. G."},{"namepart":"Ronald, Landon"},{"namepart":"Ninomura, Shizuko"},{"namepart":"Iwao, K."},{"namepart":"Yagawa, Salem"},{"namepart":"Naito, S."},{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, G."},{"namepart":"Nigatani, S."},{"namepart":"Foote, Caleb"},{"namepart":"Igarashi, Kensaburo"},{"namepart":"Sano, Hisashi"},{"namepart":"Sasaki, Yonosuko"},{"namepart":"Nakamura, Isamu"},{"namepart":"Kawashima, Sueneshin"},{"namepart":"Inouye, Isaac"},{"namepart":"Niwa, Seiichi"},{"namepart":"Kuroda, Yoshinobu"},{"namepart":"Sasaki, S."},{"namepart":"Nagatani, S."},{"namepart":"Takagishi, Sam"},{"namepart":"Yoshikawa, Edward"},{"namepart":"Igarashi, Isaac"},{"namepart":"Takeguchi, Wilbur"},{"namepart":"Korohara, Mike"},{"namepart":"Ono, Shorty"},{"namepart":"Kunimatsu, Isamu"},{"namepart":"Arao, Frank"},{"namepart":"Hull, Irvin"},{"namepart":"Mori, Jean"},{"namepart":"Fujimoto, Tsu"},{"namepart":"Fagan, Frank"},{"namepart":"Smith, Frank"},{"namepart":"Shirell, Elmer"},{"namepart":"Elberson, Dan"},{"namepart":"Clark, H. L."},{"namepart":"Funai, Aubrey"},{"namepart":"Akita, Hiram"},{"namepart":"Okamoto, Tsukasa"},{"namepart":"Yamada, Nobi"},{"namepart":"Horotaka, Toki"},{"namepart":"Cook, John D."},{"namepart":"Tanabe, Frank S."},{"namepart":"Imazeki, Howard M."},{"namepart":"Watanabe, G. T."},{"namepart":"Kanaya, George"},{"namepart":"Bates, Edwin"},{"namepart":"Hayashi, Tom"},{"namepart":"Fujii, Joe"},{"namepart":"Smith, Kendall"},{"namepart":"Takiguchi, Wilbur"},{"namepart":"Hijikata, Frank"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","location":"Tule Lake concentration camp, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"August 15, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Pilcher, F. R. \nJacoby, Harold \nYamada, Clifford \nTakahashi, B. \nTani, S. \nYamada, R. \nReid, D. G. \nRonald, Landon \nNinomura, Shizuko \nIwao, K. \nYagawa, Salem \nNaito, S. \nHirabayashi, G. \nNigatani, S. \nFoote, Caleb \nIgarashi, Kensaburo \nSano, Hisashi \nSasaki, Yonosuko \nNakamura, Isamu \nKawashima, Sueneshin \nInouye, Isaac \nNiwa, Seiichi \nKuroda, Yoshinobu \nSasaki, S. \nNagatani, S. \nTakagishi, Sam \nYoshikawa, Edward \nIgarashi, Isaac \nTakeguchi, Wilbur \nKorohara, Mike \nOno, Shorty \nKunimatsu, Isamu \nArao, Frank \nHull, Irvin \nMori, Jean \nFujimoto, Tsu \nFagan, Frank \nSmith, Frank \nShirell, Elmer \nElberson, Dan \nClark, H. L. \nFunai, Aubrey \nAkita, Hiram \nOkamoto, Tsukasa \nYamada, Nobi \nHorotaka, Toki \nCook, John D. \nTanabe, Frank S. \nImazeki, Howard M. \nWatanabe, G. T. \nKanaya, George \nBates, Edwin \nHayashi, Tom \nFujii, Joe \nSmith, Kendall \nTakiguchi, Wilbur \nHijikata, Frank","download_large":"ddr-densho-65-21-mezzanine-817a04b51c-a.jpg"},{"id":"86","model":"narrator","index":"8 5508/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/86/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/86/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/sfloyd.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/sfloyd.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/86/interviews/"},"display_name":"Floyd Schmoe","bio":"White male. Born September 21, 1895. Sixth generation Quaker and an internationally recognized pacifist and peace activist. He was a forest ecologist, marine biologist, college professor, and leader of many volunteer service groups. During World War II, he was a leader in persuading colleges outside of the evacuation zone to accept Japanese American students, and in many other ways served the Japanese American community during their incarceration, and as they restarted their lives following the war. At the end of the war, he turned his attention to Japan and worked on recovery efforts there by building homes in Hiroshima. At the age of ninety-five he created the Seattle Peace Park, planning, bulldozing and planting the park in memorial to lives lost in the bombing of Japan, and as a testimony to peace."},{"id":"389","model":"narrator","index":"9 5509/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/389/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/389/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mnobuko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mnobuko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/389/interviews/"},"display_name":"Nobuko Miyake-Stoner","bio":"Japanese female. Born Feburary 10, 1952, in Hiroshima, Japan. Descendant of survivors of the atomic bombing in 1945. Father was a kamikaze pilot during World War II who was unable to fulfill his mission due to the war's end. Nobuko attended the Hiroshima Jogakuin, a missionary school established for young women. Graduated with an M.A. in Religious Education from the Iliff School of Theology in Denver, Colorado, and then a Master of Divinity and Doctor of Ministry from the School of Theology at Claremont, California. Served as minister in a number of United Methodist churchs in California and Colorado, then served as Senior Pastor at the Harris United Methodist Church in Honolulu, Hawaii, from 2005-2016. After retiring, launched \"House for All,\" a program for underprivileged latch-key children in Hiroshima, Japan."},{"id":"ddr-densho-442","model":"collection","index":"10 5510/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-442/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-442/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-442/ddr-densho-442-184-mezzanine-66f116bd6d-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-442/ddr-densho-442-184-mezzanine-66f116bd6d-a.jpg"},"title":"Wakaichi \"Buck\" Ohashi Family Collection","description":"Wakaichi \"Buck\" Ohashi Family Collection is a photo album of the Ohashi family. The album primarily contains photographs of the Ohashi family and the Japanese American community in Ketchikan, Alaska prior to WWII.\r\n\r\nJasomatsu \"George\" Ohashi (1872-1934) immigrated to Ketchikan, Alaska around 1900 with his wife Shika, leaving his young son Wakaichi “Buck” in Japan. He came to Alaska following the Yukon Gold Rush, however, he opened a restaurant on Front Street in Ketchikan called \"New York Cafe.\" In 1907 George built a storefront and boarding house on Stedman Street that housed his businesses as well as his growing family. In the storefront he opened and ran Ohashi's Grocery. In the following years he and Shika had two daughters, Mary Haruko (1909) and Ruth Tomo (1917). Around 1911, George sent for his son, Wakaichi “Buck” Ohashi to join him in Alaska. During Prohibition, George put a pool house and bar in the back of the grocery store. Around 1924, Buck returned to Japan to marry Komatsu Saito, and in 1924 they returned to Ketchikan. Together Komatsu and Buck had 5 children, Robert Teruo (1926), Hope Nobuko (1927), Neil Jiro (1930), Edward Saburo (1931) and Paul Masuo (1934). Upon George’s death in 1934 Buck took over the family business, and in 1936 he closed the grocery and opened \"Welexum Bar\" in the space. After a few years the bar was closed and the store front divided into two spaces, a liquor store and a confectionary/ice cream shop. Following the bombing of Pearl Harbor, on December 7, 1941 Buck along with all the Issei men in Ketchikan, was arrested and detained on Annette Island. Eventually transferred to Lordsburg or Santa Fe in the following months. In 1942, the rest of the Ohashi family was removed and detained, initially at Camp Harmony in Puyallup, Washington, then at Minidoka in Idaho. Upon the family’s return to Ketchikan in 1945, they reopened the liquor store and confectionary and ran the business until the mid-1990s.","extent":"1 photo album with 312 photographs","links_children":"ddr-densho-442","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","public":"1","rights":"cc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-442-184-mezzanine-66f116bd6d-a.jpg"},{"id":"278","model":"narrator","index":"11 5511/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/278/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/278/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kyoshisuke.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kyoshisuke.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/278/interviews/"},"display_name":"Jack Y. Kunitomi","bio":"Nisei male. Born October 10, 1915, in California. Married prior to mass removal, and was sent to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. Transferred to the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming, and worked on the camp newspaper. Drafted into the army and served with the Military Intelligence Service in the Philippines and occupied Japan."},{"id":"443","model":"narrator","index":"12 5512/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/443/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/443/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tceleste.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tceleste.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/443/interviews/"},"display_name":"Celeste Teodor","bio":"Nisei female. Born June 24, 1936, in Los Angeles, California. Placed for adoption and was living in an orphanage when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor in 1941. Transferred to Manzanar's Childrens Village during World War II. After the war, lived with various foster families in Los Angeles before becoming independent at age eighteen."},{"id":"653","model":"narrator","index":"13 5513/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/653/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/653/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mdave.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mdave.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/653/interviews/"},"display_name":"Dave T. Maruya","bio":"Nisei male. Born May 25, 1920, in Brawley, California. Grew up in Brawley where parents ran a farm. During World War II, removed to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. After leaving camp, drafted into the army, and served with the Military Intelligence Service in Japan and Korea. After discharge, returned to California."},{"id":"812","model":"narrator","index":"14 5514/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/812/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/812/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nmitsue.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nmitsue.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/812/interviews/"},"display_name":"Mitsue Nishio","bio":"Kibei female. Born May 27, 1917, in Seattle, Washington. As a child, sent to Japan for education, and returned to the U.S. in the 1930s. Was married living in Glendale, California, when World War II started. During the war, was removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, returned to California."},{"id":"246","model":"narrator","index":"15 5515/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/246/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/246/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ksally.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ksally.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/246/interviews/"},"display_name":"Shimako \"Sally\" Kitano","bio":"Nisei female. Born April 6, 1932, in Bainbridge Island, Washington. Grew up on Bainbridge, and was eight years old when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Removed with family to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. Before the war was over, moved to Chicago, Illinois. Returned to Bainbridge Island after World War II."},{"id":"590","model":"narrator","index":"16 5516/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/590/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/590/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/wrobert.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/wrobert.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/590/interviews/"},"display_name":"Robert M. Wada","bio":"Nisei male. Born July 12, 1930, in Redlands, California. Spend childhood in Redlands before Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. During World War II, removed with family to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. After leaving camp, returned to Redlands and continued school. Served with the U.S. Marine Corps during the Korean War."},{"id":"702","model":"narrator","index":"17 5517/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/702/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/702/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kisao_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kisao_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/702/interviews/"},"display_name":"Isao Kameshige","bio":"Nisei male. Born April 13, 1925, in Galt, California. Grew up in Hollister, California. During World War II, removed to the Salinas Assembly Center, California, and the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. Drafted into the military and served with the Counterintelligence Corps in Japan during the U.S. occupation. After service, joined family in Ontario, Oregon."},{"id":"865","model":"narrator","index":"18 5518/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/865/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/865/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/fmichael.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/fmichael.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/865/interviews/"},"display_name":"Michael J. Forrester","bio":"White male. Born 1937 in Brooklyn, New York. Grew up in New York, where father was a mechanic. After World War II, enlisted in the Air Force and was sent serve in Japan. While there, met future wife, got married and returned to the U.S. Established a successful career with the Federal Aviation Administration."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1021-7","model":"entity","index":"19 5519/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1021-7/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021-7/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-7-1-mezzanine-681d36effc-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-7-1-mezzanine-681d36effc-a.jpg"},"title":"Yuriko Furubayashi Interview","description":"Yuriko Furubayashi was born in 1927 in Waimea, Hawai'i, as one of the ten children of the family. Her father had come to Hawai'i from Hiroshima in the mid-1910s as a contract worker on a pineapple plantation. He grew vegetables and kept chickens around the house to help feed the family. Her mother cooked Japanese food only in part because meat was hard to come by. Many of their co-workers on the plantation were Japanese, and Yuriko used to go to the after-school school at Hongan-ji with these co-workers' children. Her peers at the public school included Filipinos, Chinese, Polynesians, Portuguese, and Haoles. When she was ten years old, her uncle and aunt in Los Angeles, who had been successful owners of Olympic Hotel, took her to Japan. They were childless, so their plan was to make Yuriko the family's heir. Yuriko quickly adjusted to the life in Japan and graduated from high school. She was working in an airplane factory when the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. Although she was not injured, she was irradiated because she walked through the city on the day after to look for her aunt and uncle. The entire city was still on fire. She saw many corpses and people with severe nuclear burns. She lost one of her uncles to the bomb. She also visited her friend working at an orphanage, and was struck by how many children had lost their parents to the bomb. In 1948, she went to Hawai'i to see her parents, thanks to the arrangement made by her brother who had come to Japan as part of the US occupation force. She decided that she did not want to go back to Hiroshima where memories of the destruction \"depressed\" her. She studied to regain her English and worked at her sister's bakery near Kahoku. She married a baker, and they became successful owners of another bakery named after their oldest son. Yuriko was somewhat worried about radiation effect when she was pregnant with her first child. She gained hibakusha techo (certificate of survivorhood) issued by the Japanese government in the 1960s. She also regularly attends the biannual health checkups conducted by Japanese physicians for American survivors.","extent":"2:52:35","links_children":"ddr-densho-1021-7","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":968,"namepart":"Yuriko Furubayashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Naoko Wake"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Kailua, Hawai‘i","creation":"11-Jun-13","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yuriko Furubayashi narrator \nNaoko Wake interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1021-7-1-mezzanine-681d36effc-a.jpg"},{"id":"51","model":"narrator","index":"20 5520/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/51/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/51/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mgeorge.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mgeorge.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/51/interviews/"},"display_name":"George S. Matsui","bio":"Nisei male. Born March 1, 1915, in Los Angeles, California. Spent prewar childhood in Long Beach, California, but attended grade school and junior high in Japan. Returned to the United States to attend high school. In 1941, was drafted into the U.S. Army and sent to Camp Roberts, San Luis Obispo, California for basic training. Was among the first Japanese American draftees. When World War II broke out, was summarily discharged from the army, reclassified to an enlisted reserve unit, and sent to Santa Anita Assembly Center and then incarcerated at Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Within two months of being incarcerated, was recalled for duty in the Military Intelligence Service. Received Bronze Star for securing the surrender of Japanese military and nonmilitary personnel on the island of Saipan. Served with MacArthur's General Headquarters in Japan."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-2","model":"collection","index":"21 5521/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-1-mezzanine-010f63fe6c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-1-mezzanine-010f63fe6c-a.jpg"},"title":"San Jose State Schmidt (Willard E.) Papers","description":"The Willard Schmidt collection, documents some of the administrative duties of Willard Schmidt, the Chief of Internal Security for the War Relocation Authority and the Tule Lake incarceration/segregation camp. This collection contains administrative records and photos documenting the Tule Lake camp, the largest incarceration camp with a peak population of 18,789 and with the most turbulent history. In 1943, the camp was turned into a segregation center to house \"disloyal\" Japanese Americans relocated from other camps based on their answers to a confusing loyalty questionnaire. The camp endured martial law from November 1943- Jan 1944 after escalating protests and unrest. The hostile environment of the camp lead to many incarcerees renouncing their American citizenship upon the end of incarceration, a process which took 14 years to reverse if they did not wish to be deported to Japan.
See the full finding aid at Online Archive of California.","extent":"2 box 1 linear ft.","links_children":"ddr-csujad-2","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Schmidt, Willard E."}],"language":["eng"],"contributor":"San Jose State University Department of Special Collections and Archives","public":"1","rights":"pcc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Schmidt, Willard E. author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-2-1-mezzanine-010f63fe6c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1021","model":"collection","index":"22 5522/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1021/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-5-1-mezzanine-ec9df4a5e1-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-5-1-mezzanine-ec9df4a5e1-a.jpg"},"title":"Naoko Wake Collection of Oral Histories of US Survivors of the Atomic Bombs","description":"This collection consists of ten interviews that historian Naoko Wake conducted in 2011-15 for her book American Survivors: Trans-Pacific Memories of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Five of the interviews are with US survivors of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945, while the other five are with medical and legal professionals and community activists who have supported US hibakusha’s effort to gain recognition from both American and Japanese governments. The interviews include hibakusha’s childhood memories, their experiences of growing up in the United States and Japan, the 1945 nuclear attacks and their immediate aftermaths, returning (or coming) to America after the war, gaining Japanese and Japanese American supporters, and their concerns about their radiation illnesses and the lack of medical care. Their memories also illuminate the complex relationship between the bomb and the camp in postwar Japanese American families and communities.","links_children":"ddr-densho-1021","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","public":"1","rights":"cc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-1021-5-1-mezzanine-ec9df4a5e1-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-ohs-1","model":"collection","index":"23 5523/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-ohs-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-ohs-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-ohs-1/ddr-ohs-1-256-mezzanine-2e07060908-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-ohs-1/ddr-ohs-1-256-mezzanine-2e07060908-a.jpg"},"title":"Yabe Family Papers Collection","description":"Digitized selections from a larger collection that documents the lives and activities of the Yabe family, particularly the first generation (the Issei) who immigrated from Japan to California in the early 1900s, and the second generation, the Nisei. Major topics represented the collection overall include the experience Mitsuye (Jyoko) Yabe as an immigrant to the United States; the family's business and community activities in Los Angeles, California, through 1942; family members' experiences of forced removal and incarceration during World War II; Miyuki \"Miki\" (Yabe) Yasui's advocacy for redress after the war; and her extensive research on family and Japanese American history. The 275 digitized items that are viewable in the Densho Digital Repository and Oregon Historical Society's Digital Collections consist of photographs, school documents, correspondence, and genealogical research.\r\n\r\nThe 275 digitized selections are a small portion of the overall collection, which consists of 2.8 cubic feet of material, and is available for use onsite at the Oregon Historical Society Research Library.","links_children":"ddr-ohs-1","language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"The Oregon Historical Society","public":"1","rights":"cc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-ohs-1-256-mezzanine-2e07060908-a.jpg"},{"id":"401","model":"narrator","index":"24 5524/{'value': 5887, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/401/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/401/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/oisao.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/oisao.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/401/interviews/"},"display_name":"Isao East Oshima","bio":"Nisei male. Born April 20, 1921, in Berkeley, California. Family moved frequently as a child, and was living in Oakland, California, when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor in 1941. During World War II, removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. Left camp for Cleveland, Ohio, eventually settling permanently in the Twin Cities, Minnesota."}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Japan","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}