{"total":47,"limit":25,"offset":25,"prev_offset":0,"next_offset":null,"page_size":25,"this_page":2,"num_this_page":22,"prev_api":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/search/?fulltext=Japan; Hawaii; California&limit=25&offset=0","next_api":"","objects":[{"id":"ddr-densho-107-29","model":"entity","index":"0 25/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-107-29/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-107-29/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-107/ddr-densho-107-29-mezzanine-848cb36559-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-107/ddr-densho-107-29-mezzanine-848cb36559-a.jpg"},"title":"Portraits of elderly couple","description":"Roy Matsumoto's paternal grandparents. Roy's paternal grandfather, Wakamatsu, was the youngest son of the Matsumoto family. He married his sweetheart and came to Kauai, HI, as a government contract laborer to work in the sugar cane fields.  Upon completion of the contract, he came to the mainland United States, leased land in southern California, and operated a truck farm. His relatives and other villagers from Hiroshima came to work at his farm. Upon his early retirement, he returned to Hiroshima, Japan, and Roy's mother Tei took over the farm. Roy's paternal grandmother Haru came from the Motoyama Clan of Hiroshima. She went to Hawaii with her husband, Wakamatsu. Upon his departure from Hawaii to the mainland United States, she returned to Japan with her children (Roy's uncle Frank and Aunt Masayo, both born in Kauai, HI). Many years later, her husband Wakamatsu rejoined her in Hiroshima. They were born in Keio Era (1860s) and peacefully passed away when the war ended in 1945.","links_children":"ddr-densho-107-29","format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Matsumoto, Roy"},{"namepart":"Matsumoto, Tei"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pcc","genre":"portrait","location":"Jigozen, Hiroshima, Japan","creation":"c.1940","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Matsumoto, Roy \nMatsumoto, Tei","download_large":"ddr-densho-107-29-mezzanine-848cb36559-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-287","model":"entity","index":"1 26/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-287/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-287/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-kmasamizu-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-kmasamizu-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Masamizu Kitajima Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born August 1, 1933, in Ookala, Hawaii. At a young age, sent to Japan to live with grandfather and begin ministry training, but returned to the U.S. just before the onset of World War II. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, father, a prominent Buddhist minister, was picked up and arrested by the FBI. Mother couldn't support the children alone, so the family entered the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas, where they were reunited with father. Father signed \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire,\" and moved the family to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California, in anticipation of repatriating to Japan. Parents changed their minds and did not go to Japan, so the family returned to Hawaii after leaving Tule Lake. After the war, Masamizu established a successful career in airplane mechanics.<p>(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:41:25","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-287","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":490,"namepart":"Masamizu Kitajima"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr014jw5q","namepart":"Kitajima, Masamizu"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Honolulu, Hawaii","creation":"June 12, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Masamizu Kitajima narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Kitajima, Masamizu 88922nr014jw5q","download_large":"denshovh-kmasamizu-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-29-4","model":"entity","index":"2 27/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-29-4/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-29/ddr-pc-29-4-mezzanine-64ae6cddb9-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-29/ddr-pc-29-4-mezzanine-64ae6cddb9-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 44, No. 4 (January 25, 1957)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Builders using gov't financing sued for race bias in selling tract homes\" (p. 1); \"Eisenhower urges statehood for Hawaii & Alaska\" (p.1); \"Japan refugee returns home after year stay in California, in Uncle Sam uniform\" (p. 1); \"Nisei opera soloist set for S.F. season\" (p. 2); \"Temporary farm worker program extended for Mexicans; contract for 60,000 Filipinos under same plan signed\" (p. 3); \"Tulare County JACL honors newly naturalized Issei citizens\" (p. 5); \"One-act play adapted from Japanese folk tale staged by Nisei wins critic acclaim\" (p. 7); 3 Nisei, 1 Naturalized Issei Nominated By Ike To Gov't Posts\" (p. 8); \"Nisei going to Japan 'bride hunting' increases\" (p. 8).","extent":"11W x 17H","links_children":"ddr-pc-29-4","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil liberties","id":"233"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Politics -- Hawaiian statehood","id":"236"},{"term":"Arts and literature -- Performing arts -- Music","id":"183"},{"term":"Arts and literature -- Performing arts -- Theater","id":"256"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- Los Angeles","id":"272"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- San Francisco","id":"273"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Filipino American identity","id":"456"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Naturalization","id":"176"},{"term":"Japan -- United States civilians","id":"380"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"01/25/1957","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-29-4-mezzanine-64ae6cddb9-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-92","model":"entity","index":"3 28/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-92/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-92/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-trudy-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-trudy-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Rudy Tokiwa Interview II","description":"Nisei male. Born July 7, 1925, near San Jose. Grew up in Salinas, California, until he went to Japan at the age of thirteen. Studied in Japan until about 1939. Incarcerated at the Salinas Assembly Center, California, and Poston concentration camp, Arizona. Volunteered out of camp to serve in the U.S. military. Fought in Europe as a battalion runner for the all-Japanese American 442nd Regimental Combat Team. Single-handedly captured a group of German officers, fought in the famous \"Battle of the Lost Battalion,\" and was present at the liberation of Bruyeres. Was recruited to lobby Congress for passage of the 1988 Civil Liberties Act as a representative for Nikkei veterans, and proved invaluable in garnering support among particularly resistant members of Congress.<p>(This interview was conducted at the 1998 Americans of Japanese Ancestry Veterans National Convention, held in Honolulu, Hawaii.)","extent":"05:46:21","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-92","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":92,"namepart":"Rudy Tokiwa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Judy Niizawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery/Larry Hashima"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr011tw3j","namepart":"Tokiwa, Kazuo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Honolulu, Hawaii","creation":"July 2 - 3, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Rudy Tokiwa narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nJudy Niizawa interviewer \nMatt Emery/Larry Hashima videographer Tokiwa, Kazuo 88922nr011tw3j","download_large":"denshovh-trudy-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"332","model":"narrator","index":"4 29/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/332/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/332/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kkiyoko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kkiyoko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/332/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kiyoko Morey Kaneko","bio":"Nisei female. Born September 3, 1911, in Pasadena, California. Grew up in Los Angeles where father operated a successful import/export business with retail stores. Graduated from UCLA, then lived and worked in Japan for a few years. Was married and living in Hawaii in 1941. Witnessed Japanese bomber planes overhead from home in Pearl City on December 7, 1941. After the war, resided in Santa Cruz, California."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-19-3","model":"entity","index":"5 30/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-19-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-19-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-19/ddr-csujad-19-3-mezzanine-d9d38ce84e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-19/ddr-csujad-19-3-mezzanine-d9d38ce84e-a.jpg"},"title":"Excerpts from speech given at the University of Hawaii Forum, March 1943","description":"Excerpts from speech given at the University of Hawaii Forum, March 1943. The document presents three quoted passages from the speech, one concerning the role of people of \"the Japanese race\" in serving as liaisons who can provide the most reliable check on the morale, needs, and activities of \"the Japanese community\"; one comparing the United States's actions to \"give one of the enemy race a fair cha[n]ce to prove himself,\" as in Hawaii, to actions Himmler or Rosenberg would have undertaken; and one distinguishing \"Japan and her people\" from \"Americans of Japanese blood,\" saying that \"until they prove ... traitorous, they should be treated as Americans.\" See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/8396\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">WRA_02-15_01</a>","extent":"1 page, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-19-3","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Fielder, Kendall J. (Kendall Jordan), 1893-1981"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Hawai'i","id":"277"},{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- War Relocation Authority (WRA)","id":"403"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Cross-racial relations","id":"38"},{"term":"World War II -- Propaganda -- U.S. government propaganda","id":"170"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Northridge. University Library. Special Collections & Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Hawaii","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Fielder, Kendall J. (Kendall Jordan), 1893-1981 author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-19-3-mezzanine-d9d38ce84e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-47","model":"entity","index":"6 31/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-47/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-47/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mtom-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mtom-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Tom Matsuoka Interview","description":"Kibei male. Born August 1, 1903, in Sprecklesville, Maui, Hawaii. Taken to Japan in 1905 and raised by grandparents. Returned to the United States in 1919, joining father at Barneston sawmill in Washington. Married and farmed in Bellevue, Washington. Founded Bellevue Seinenkai and managed the Bellevue Vegetable Growers Association prior to World War II. Was picked up by the FBI on December 8, 1941, detained by the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) in Seattle, then interned at the Department of Justice camp at Fort Missoula, Montana. Was transferred to the Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and then to Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Was released to harvest sugar beets in Chinook, Montana, with his family as work crew. Established a farm in Chinook.","extent":"03:32:17","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-47","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":56,"namepart":"Tom Matsuoka"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr011h73h","namepart":"Matsuoka, Tom Takeo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Ridgefield, Washington","creation":"May 7, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tom Matsuoka narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Matsuoka, Tom Takeo 88922nr011h73h","download_large":"denshovh-mtom-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-28-40","model":"entity","index":"7 32/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-28-40/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-28-40/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-28/ddr-pc-28-40-mezzanine-691b3da0da-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-28/ddr-pc-28-40-mezzanine-691b3da0da-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 43, No. 14 (October 5, 1956)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Note Sansei in Hawaii Politics, 2 Seek Offices\" (p. 1), \"Sansei scores 190 pts. out of possible 110 in Oregon State entrance examination\" (p. 1), \"New Justice Dep't Procedures for Renunciants Follows JACL Policy\" (p. 1),  \"Effective campaign to carry 'Yes on Prop. 13' urged in Nisei vernacular\" (p. 1), \"Detroit JACLers open fall season at International Institute with Sukiyaki\" (p. 3), \"1st gift shipment of powdered milk for Japan schools sent\" (p. 3), \"First-timer at nat'l JACL convention impressed, disturbed at proceedings\" (p. 4), \"State nearly escheats estate of Issei who died without will or kin in California\" (p. 8).","extent":"11.5W x 17H","links_children":"ddr-pc-28-40","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Kido, Saburo"},{"namepart":"Sakano, Theodore K."},{"namepart":"Kawano, Fred"},{"namepart":"Kimura, Jiro"},{"namepart":"Kanagawa, Robert"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Kawakami, Mary"},{"namepart":"Murayama, Tamotsu"},{"namepart":"Horita, Hiroshi"},{"namepart":"Tajiri, Larry S."},{"namepart":"Oki, George"},{"namepart":"Tajiri, Thomas M."},{"namepart":"Kanemoto, Wayne"},{"namepart":"Kushida, Tats"},{"namepart":"Honda, Harry K."},{"namepart":"Sakurada, Smoky H."},{"namepart":"Wakamatsu, Shig"},{"namepart":"Ogawa, Elmer"},{"namepart":"Osako, John"},{"namepart":"Nishita, Bill"},{"namepart":"Fujiwara, Ernest"},{"namepart":"Mori, Henry"},{"namepart":"Yashima, Taro"},{"namepart":"Yamada, E.M."},{"namepart":"Mori, Henry"},{"namepart":"Yamada, E.M."},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Goto, Baron Y."},{"namepart":"Otera, Lily"},{"namepart":"Koshi, Peter T."}],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"October 5, 1956","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Kido, Saburo \nSakano, Theodore K. \nKawano, Fred \nKimura, Jiro \nKanagawa, Robert \nHosokawa, Bill \nKawakami, Mary \nMurayama, Tamotsu \nHorita, Hiroshi \nTajiri, Larry S. \nOki, George \nTajiri, Thomas M. \nKanemoto, Wayne \nKushida, Tats \nHonda, Harry K. \nSakurada, Smoky H. \nWakamatsu, Shig \nOgawa, Elmer \nOsako, John \nNishita, Bill \nFujiwara, Ernest \nMori, Henry \nYashima, Taro \nYamada, E.M. \nMori, Henry \nYamada, E.M. \nMasaoka, Mike \nGoto, Baron Y. \nOtera, Lily \nKoshi, Peter T.","download_large":"ddr-pc-28-40-mezzanine-691b3da0da-a.jpg"},{"id":"457","model":"narrator","index":"8 33/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/457/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/457/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mkenji.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mkenji.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/457/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kenji Maruko","bio":"Sansei male. Born December 13, 1920, in Fresno, California. Father was born in Hawaii, mother was born in Japan. Grew up in Fresno, where parents ran a successful bicycle shop and general store. During World War II, removed to the Fresno Assembly Center, California, and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Signed \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questions\" and was segregated to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Renounced U.S. citizenship, and was transferred to the Department of Justice camp at Santa Fe, New Mexico. Decided to remain in the U.S., and had citizenship restored. After the war, returned to Fresno."},{"id":"389","model":"narrator","index":"9 34/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/389/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/389/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mnobuko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mnobuko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/389/interviews/"},"display_name":"Nobuko Miyake-Stoner","bio":"Japanese female. Born Feburary 10, 1952, in Hiroshima, Japan. Descendant of survivors of the atomic bombing in 1945. Father was a kamikaze pilot during World War II who was unable to fulfill his mission due to the war's end. Nobuko attended the Hiroshima Jogakuin, a missionary school established for young women. Graduated with an M.A. in Religious Education from the Iliff School of Theology in Denver, Colorado, and then a Master of Divinity and Doctor of Ministry from the School of Theology at Claremont, California. Served as minister in a number of United Methodist churchs in California and Colorado, then served as Senior Pastor at the Harris United Methodist Church in Honolulu, Hawaii, from 2005-2016. After retiring, launched \"House for All,\" a program for underprivileged latch-key children in Hiroshima, Japan."},{"id":"ddr-pc-18-16","model":"entity","index":"10 35/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-18-16/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-18-16/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-18/ddr-pc-18-16-mezzanine-05dce0aabb-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-18/ddr-pc-18-16-mezzanine-05dce0aabb-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 22 No. 16 (April 20, 1946)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Return of Nisei Stranded In Japan During War May be Permitted Under New Plans\" (p. 1), \"Seek Test on California Alien Fishing Ban\" (p. 1), \"Men of 442nd March Through Italian City They Liberated\" (p. 1), \"Youth, Charged with Murder Of Wounded 442nd Veteran, Goes on Trial in Stockton\" (p. 2), \"WRA Acts to Provide Housing For Evacuees in Emergency Projects in Los Angeles Area\" (p. 2), \"79 of Japanese Ancestry Killed, Missing in Wake of Tidal Wave in Hawaii\" (p. 3), \"Brooklyn Hostel Which Aided 1600 Will be Closed Soon\" (p. 6), \"Santa Ana Airport Residents Moved to New Trailer Homes\" (p. 7), \"District WRA Offices to Be Closed in Week\" (p. 8).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-18-16","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"April 20, 1946","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-18-16-mezzanine-05dce0aabb-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1010-8","model":"entity","index":"11 36/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1010-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1010-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1010/denshovh-mkenji-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1010/denshovh-mkenji-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Kenji Maruko Interview","description":"Sansei male. Born December 13, 1920, in Fresno, California. Father was born in Hawaii, mother was born in Japan. Grew up in Fresno, where parents ran a successful bicycle shop and general store. During World War II, removed to the Fresno Assembly Center, California, and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Signed \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questions\" and was segregated to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Renounced U.S. citizenship, and was transferred to the Department of Justice camp at Santa Fe, New Mexico. Decided to remain in the U.S., and had citizenship restored. After the war, returned to Fresno.<p>(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:04:13","links_children":"ddr-densho-1010-8","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":457,"namepart":"Kenji Maruko"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Jill Shiraki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zw10","namepart":"Maruko, Kenji"}],"contributor":"Preserving California's Japantowns Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Fresno, California","creation":"March 9, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kenji Maruko narrator \nJill Shiraki interviewer \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Maruko, Kenji 88922nr015zw10","download_large":"denshovh-mkenji-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"847","model":"narrator","index":"12 37/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/847/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/847/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ytokio.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ytokio.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/847/interviews/"},"display_name":"Tokio Yamane","bio":"Kibei male. Born Born September 2, 1922, in Hawaii. Moved with family to Hiroshima at age three, then returned to the Fresno area of the U.S. for high school. During World War II, was sent to the Fresno Assembly Center, California, and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. While at Jerome, refused to answer the so-called \"loyalty questions\" and was transferred to Tule Lake concentration camp when it became a segregation center. At the end of 1943, was involved in a confrontation with camp administrators and was severely beaten by War Relocation Officials and thrown in Tule Lake's stockade. While in the stockade, participated in a hunger strike, and later helped to organize young people's groups with the goal of going to Japan. Eventually renounced U.S. citizenship and was sent to the Santa Fe Department of Justice camp before expatriation to Japan. Remained in Japan after the war, working for the U.S. occupation army and then in private business."},{"id":"ddr-pc-18-1","model":"entity","index":"13 38/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-18-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-18-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-18/ddr-pc-18-1-mezzanine-d918f20d11-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-18/ddr-pc-18-1-mezzanine-d918f20d11-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 22 No. 1 (January 5, 1946)","description":"Selected article titles: \"JACL Protests 'Mistreatment' of Nisei Combat Veterans at Southern California Army Camp\" (p. 1), \"Marine Corps Opens Ranks To Japanese American Group\" (p. 1), \"Nisei Accepted by Navy as Ban Lifted\" (p. 1), \"Ickes Favors Compensation for Evacuee Losses\" (p. 1), \"Federal Court Delays Action On Tamura Deportation Case; Renunciant Will Get Hearing\" (p. 2), \"WRA to Close Field Offices In Six Cities\" (p. 2), \"Hawaii Citizens Challenge Immigration Department's Discrimination in U.S. Travel\" (p. 3), \"U.S. Court Upsets Conviction of Fair Play Committee Group\" (p. 3), \"Tell People Not to Come to Japan, Uncle Tells Seaman\" (p. 7), \"WRA to Return Articles Taken From Aliens\" (p. 7), \"Race Relations Group Hits Restrictive Housing Policies\" (p. 8).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-18-1","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"January 5, 1946","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-18-1-mezzanine-d918f20d11-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-28-41","model":"entity","index":"14 39/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-28-41/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-28-41/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-28/ddr-pc-28-41-mezzanine-a278e95e14-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-28/ddr-pc-28-41-mezzanine-a278e95e14-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 43, No. 15 (October 12, 1956)","description":"Selected article titles: \" Masaoka ill, postpones trip to Japan a week\" (p. 1), \"55 of 65 Nisei public office seekers win in Hawaii primaries\" (p. 1), \"Tabulate 141,000 Japanese in U.S.; 85,000 in California\" (p. 1), \"Temporary farm workers continue to arrive by air\" (p. 1), \"Fresno-born Nisei interprets for Japanese emperor\" (p. 2), \"One of 25 Hiroshima Maidens marries Nisei cousin, resides in Gardena\" (p. 2), \"Vandals Plague Fresno Home-owner second time\" (p. 2), \"Arizonan raps use of Japanese, P.I. temporary laborers\" (p. 3) \"JACL Credit Union Votes to Aid Pasadena Group Under State Eye\" (p. 3), \"Nisei Gl 148 lb. weightlifter eyes Melbourne Olympic games\" (p. 6), \"Veterans group opposes establishment of Seattle Japanese language school\" (p. 8).","extent":"11.5W x 17H","links_children":"ddr-pc-28-41","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Ota, Peter I."},{"namepart":"Sakano, Theodore Kiichiro"},{"namepart":"Satow, Masao"},{"namepart":"Heima, Tatsuhiko"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Nara, Yasuhiko"},{"namepart":"Matsuda, Clarence G."},{"namepart":"Udo, Keishi"},{"namepart":"Kuramoto, Mitsuko"},{"namepart":"Murayama, Tamotsu"},{"namepart":"Tajiri, Larry S."},{"namepart":"Miki, Lily"},{"namepart":"Sakata, Robert"},{"namepart":"Tamura, Alice T."},{"namepart":"Honda, Harry K."},{"namepart":"Nishikawa, Roy M."},{"namepart":"Ogawa, Elmer"},{"namepart":"Iwasaki, Larry"},{"namepart":"Yamagata, Shinny"},{"namepart":"Mori, Henry"},{"namepart":"Ono, Amy"},{"namepart":"Tagawa, Tsutomu"}],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"October 12, 1956","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Masaoka, Mike \nOta, Peter I. \nSakano, Theodore Kiichiro \nSatow, Masao \nHeima, Tatsuhiko \nHosokawa, Bill \nNara, Yasuhiko \nMatsuda, Clarence G. \nUdo, Keishi \nKuramoto, Mitsuko \nMurayama, Tamotsu \nTajiri, Larry S. \nMiki, Lily \nSakata, Robert \nTamura, Alice T. \nHonda, Harry K. \nNishikawa, Roy M. \nOgawa, Elmer \nIwasaki, Larry \nYamagata, Shinny \nMori, Henry \nOno, Amy \nTagawa, Tsutomu","download_large":"ddr-pc-28-41-mezzanine-a278e95e14-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-400-17","model":"entity","index":"15 40/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-400-17/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-400-17/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-17-1-mezzanine-3162fb3644-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-17-1-mezzanine-3162fb3644-a.jpg"},"title":"George Sakaye Nakano Interview","description":"George Sakaye Nakano was born on November 24, 1935, in the Boyle Heights neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. George's parents were Kibei, born in Hawaii, then educated in Japan before returning to the U.S. Nakano grew up in Los Angeles until he was six years old. When WWII started, the Nakano family was incarcerated in the concentration camps at Jerome, Arkansas, and Tule Lake, California. After the war, the Nakanos resettled in Norwalk and then East Los Angeles. Nakano graduated from John H. Francis Polytechnic High School in 1954 and worked at Hughes Aircraft while attending evening classes at El Camino College in Torrance and California State University, Los Angeles, where he earned his bachelor's degree in mathematics and his master's degree in education. Nakano was the first Japanese American elected to the Torrance City Council in 1984 and served four terms until he was elected to the California State Assembly in 1998. At the time of this interview, he was finishing his second four-year term.\r\n\r\nThis interview is part of the South Bay History Project created by the South Bay Chapter of the Japanese American Citizens League.","extent":"2:49:32","links_children":"ddr-densho-400-17","creators":[{"role":"narrator","id":592,"namepart":"George Sakaye Nakano"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Albert Muratsuchi"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"California","facility":[{"term":"Jerome","id":"6"},{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"May 16, 2004","status":"completed","search_hidden":"George Sakaye Nakano narrator \nAlbert Muratsuchi interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-400-17-1-mezzanine-3162fb3644-a.jpg"},{"id":"56","model":"narrator","index":"16 41/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/56/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/56/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mtom.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mtom.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/56/interviews/"},"display_name":"Tom Matsuoka","bio":"Kibei male. Born August 1, 1903, in Sprecklesville, Maui, Hawaii. Taken to Japan in 1905 and raised by grandparents. Returned to the United States in 1919, joining father at Barneston sawmill in Washington. Married and farmed in Bellevue, Washington. Founded Bellevue Seinenkai and managed the Bellevue Vegetable Growers Association prior to World War II. Was picked up by the FBI on December 8, 1941, detained by the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) in Seattle, then interned at the Department of Justice camp at Fort Missoula, Montana. Was transferred to the Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and then to Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Was released to harvest sugar beets in Chinook, Montana, with his family as work crew. Established a farm in Chinook."},{"id":"141","model":"narrator","index":"17 42/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/141/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/141/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/uharry.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/uharry.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/141/interviews/"},"display_name":"Harry Ueno","bio":"Nisei male. Born April 14, 1907, in Pauilo, Hawaii. Lived in Japan from 1915 to 1923, and settled on the mainland upon his return to the United States. Was married in 1930, and was removed along with family to Manzanar concentration camp, California, during World War II. While in Manzanar, organized the Mess Hall Workers Union. Accused of beating up a suspected government informant and was placed in jail, sparking the so-called \"Manzanar Riot.\" Was moved to various jails and the Citizen Isolation Centers Leupp, Arizona, and Moab, Utah, before being reunited with his family in Tule Lake Segregation Center. After release from camp, moved to the Santa Clara Valley, raised three children, and became a farmer."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-432","model":"entity","index":"18 43/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-432/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-432/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ytokio-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ytokio-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Tokio Yamane Interview","description":"Kibei male. Born September 2, 1922, in Hawaii. Moved with family to Hiroshima at age three, then returned to the Fresno area of the U.S. for high school. During World War II, was sent to the Fresno Assembly Center, California, and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. While at Jerome, refused to answer the so-called \"loyalty questions\" and was transferred to Tule Lake concentration camp when it became a segregation center. At the end of 1943, was involved in a confrontation with camp administrators and was severely beaten by War Relocation Officials and thrown in Tule Lake's stockade. While in the stockade, participated in a hunger strike, and later helped to organize young people's groups with the goal of going to Japan. Eventually renounced U.S. citizenship and was sent to the Santa Fe Department of Justice camp before expatriation to Japan. Remained in Japan after the war, working for the U.S. occupation army and then in private business.<p>(This interview was conducted in Japanese. The transcript is a translation of the original interview. This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"04:42:24","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-432","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":847,"namepart":"Yamane, Tokio"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Sachiko Takita-Ishii"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Yoko Murakawa"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr006gt3d","namepart":"Yamane, Tokio"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Japan","creation":"May 23, 2004","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yamane, Tokio narrator \nSachiko Takita-Ishii interviewer \nYoko Murakawa interviewer Yamane, Tokio 88922nr006gt3d","download_large":"denshovh-ytokio-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-121-2","model":"entity","index":"19 44/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-121-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-121-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-2-mezzanine-13d3849d87-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-2-mezzanine-13d3849d87-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen Vol. 21 No. 20","description":"Selected article titles: \"Navy Opens Ranks to Japanese Americans\" (p. 1), \"Sgt. Ben Kuroki to Speak on \"Town Meeting of the Air\"\" (p. 1), \"1000 Tule Lake Renunciants Enter Suit to Regain Rights\" (p. 1), \"Evacuee Group Leaves Seattle for Hawaii\" (p. 1), \"Native Sons Want Relocation Camps to be Kept Open\" (p. 1), \"Southern Pacific Railroad Takes Stand Against Racial Intolerance in Placer County\" (p. 2), \"Tule Lake Ex-Citizens File Suits to Regain U.S. Rights\" (p. 2), \"California Files Escheat Suit In Fresno Area\" (p. 2), \"WRA Closes Heart Mountain, Gila Centers\" (p. 3), \"Arizona Camp Emptied Before Deadline Date\" (p. 3), \"Order Closing of Cooperative at Tule Lake Center\" (p. 3), \"Wyoming Relocation Camp Now Empty, Deserted as Last Train Leaves With 205 for California\" (p. 3), \"Police Guard Evacuee Train At San Jose\" (p. 3), \"California Ready to Pay Claims to Evacuee Farmers\" (p. 3), \"Washington News-Letter: Nisei Reveals Experiences of Job-Hunting in Washington\" (p. 5), \"From the Des Moines Register: Iowa Has Accorded Welcome To Displaced Coast Nisei\" (p. 5), \"New York Committee Will Back Japan People's Government\" (p. 6), \"2000 Evacuees Leave Colorado For West Coast\" (p. 8).","extent":"1422W x 2077H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-121-2","format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","creation":"17-Nov-45","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-121-2-mezzanine-13d3849d87-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38-161","model":"entity","index":"20 45/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-161/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38-161/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-161-mezzanine-658cadf412-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-161-mezzanine-658cadf412-a.jpg"},"title":"George Naohara's handwritten annotations","description":"English translation of the annotations from \"George Naohara photo album\" (csudh_nao_0001), page 12: [Right] Japan declared a war, and Japanese Imperial Army attacked Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. When the war broke out, Yuta Masukawa was visiting Little Tokyo, Los Angeles. He rode on a streetcar to get to Little Tokyo and bought a record, \"Shina no yoru,\" for his sister, Mitsuko.  [Left] Alameda Street was a busy street and streetcars were running alongside the street. There was a Japanese school, which was called \"Banguru,\" on the west side of the street. I visited the post office to check my incoming mails. There was nothing for me. I came here, following my uncle, Koichi Naohara, who had been already settled in the United States. Although I came to the U.S. all the way from Japan traveling by a big ship called \"Kamakura-maru,\" there were no jobs available for me because of the Great Depression. I had a decent job in Japan, working for a post office, which was a Japanese government job, near the Hiroshima Station, and it was difficult for me to accept a job which paid me only 30 cents per hour in the U.S. While I was spending time alone and feeling lonely, I met Masukawa family which had eight children. I was pleased to learn that Mrs. Masukawa was Shuzo Myoren's sister who was from Karuga Asa-gun, Hiroshima. Once I met Mitzi, one of the Maskawa family's daughters, I fell in love.  See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/15650\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nao_01_012</a>","extent":"1 page, 8 x 8.75 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38-161","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Kibei","id":"45"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- Los Angeles","id":"272"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Life in Japan and reasons for leaving","id":"2"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014 author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-161-mezzanine-658cadf412-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1002-7","model":"entity","index":"21 46/{'value': 47, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1002-7/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1002-7/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-uharry-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-uharry-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Harry Ueno Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born April 14, 1907, in Pauilo, Hawaii. Lived in Japan from 1915 to 1923, and settled on the mainland upon his return to the United States. Was married in 1930, and was removed along with family to Manzanar concentration camp, California, during World War II. While in Manzanar, organized the Mess Hall Workers Union. Accused of beating up a suspected government informant and was placed in jail, sparking the so-called \"Manzanar Riot.\" Was moved to various jails and the Citizen Isolation Centers Leupp, Arizona, and Moab, Utah, before being reunited with his family in Tule Lake Segregation Center. After release from camp, moved to the Santa Clara Valley, raised three children, and became a farmer.<p>(This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary,<i> Rabbit in the Moon</i>, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"03:58:49","links_children":"ddr-densho-1002-7","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":141,"namepart":"Harry Ueno"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Emiko Omori"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Emiko Omori and Witt Mons"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr012m793","namepart":"Ueno, Harry Yoshiyo"}],"contributor":"Emiko and Chizuko Omori Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Mateo, California","creation":"February 18, 1994","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Harry Ueno narrator \nEmiko Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori and Witt Mons videographer Ueno, Harry Yoshiyo 88922nr012m793","download_large":"denshovh-uharry-01-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Japan; Hawaii; California","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}