{"total":951,"limit":25,"offset":875,"prev_offset":850,"next_offset":900,"page_size":25,"this_page":36,"num_this_page":25,"prev_api":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/search/?fulltext=Japan; California&limit=25&offset=850","next_api":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/search/?fulltext=Japan; California&limit=25&offset=900","objects":[{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-530","model":"entity","index":"0 875/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-530/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-530/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-530-1-mezzanine-20d2529b6a-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-530-1-mezzanine-20d2529b6a-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Abe Interview II","description":"Sansei male. Born 1951 in Cleveland, Ohio. During World War II, father was incarcerated the Pomona Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentratin camp, Wyoming. Mother came to the United States from Japan in 1950. Frank grew up in Cleveland, where his parents owned a boarding house. Earned a B.A. in theater directing from the University of California at Santa Cruz and received professional actors' training at the American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco. An original member of the Asian American Theater Workshop in San Francisco. Helped organize the first Day of Remembrance event in Seattle in 1978. Instrumental in creating the National Council for Japanese American Redress in Seattle. Worked as a reporter for KIRO Newsradio in Seattle, and was the co-founder of the Seattle chapter of the Asian American Journalists Association. Later worked as Director of Communications for the King County Executive in Seattle. Filmmaker who made the documentary Conscience and the Constitution with Shannon Gee, author of JOHN OKADA: The Life & Rediscovered Work of the Author of No-No Boy, and lead author of the graphic novel, We Hereby Refuse.","extent":"2:46:36","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-530","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":1018,"namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Nina Wallace"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"March 14, 2023","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Abe narrator \nNina Wallace interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1000-530-1-mezzanine-20d2529b6a-a.jpg"},{"id":"26","model":"narrator","index":"1 876/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/26/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/26/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hmutsu.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hmutsu.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/26/interviews/"},"display_name":"Mutsu Homma","bio":"Issei female. Born June 19, 1911, in Tono City, Iwate-ken, Japan. Immigrated to the United States in 1929. Incarcerated at the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and Amache concentration camp, Colorado. Father established and ministered the first Western-style Christian church in Tono City. Husband was assigned to the Santa Anita Assembly Center as the official head dentist, then passed away in Amache concentration camp."},{"id":"310","model":"narrator","index":"2 877/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/310/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/310/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tfrank.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tfrank.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/310/interviews/"},"display_name":"Frank Shinichiro Tanabe","bio":"Nisei male. Born on August 10, 1919, in Osaka, Japan. Attended college at the University of Washington before being removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Established Tule Lake's newspaper, the Tulean Dispatch. Transferred to the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho, before resettling in Chicago. Drafted into the Military Intelligence Service, and served and worked in Tokyo as an interpreter."},{"id":"692","model":"narrator","index":"3 878/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/692/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/692/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kgeorge_3.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kgeorge_3.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/692/interviews/"},"display_name":"George Katagiri","bio":"Nisei male. Born September 22, 1926, in Portland, Oregon. Grew up in Portland where parents ran a small grocery store. During World War II, removed to the Portland Assembly Center, Oregon, and the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, was drafted into the Military Intelligence Service and served in Japan during the U.S. occupation. Eventually returned to Portland and became a teacher and school administrator."},{"id":"ddr-pc-29-5","model":"entity","index":"4 879/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-5/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-29-5/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-29/ddr-pc-29-5-mezzanine-60452582cc-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-29/ddr-pc-29-5-mezzanine-60452582cc-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 44, No. 5 (February 1, 1957)","description":"Selected article titles: \"JACL's seven point legislative program for 85th Congress bard Larger quotas for Japan, speed up on claims program among JACL objectives\" (p. 1); \"Race Discrimination report submitted to Washington Governor\" (p.1); \"Protest against Dr. Sammy Lee moving to Santa Ana change to welcome signs\" (p. 1); \"Nisei killed in air crash over school\" (p.1); \"Ex-Tule Lack renuciant restored U.S. citizenship\" (p. 2); \"Tokyo prosecutor indicts Cappy Harada on alleged foreign exchange law violation\" (p. 2); \"Orange County housing discrimination\" (p. 3); \"Dr. Sammy Lee main speaker for O.C. CL installation\" (p. 5); \"First Jr. JACL district convention to be hosted by Sacramento Feb. 3\" (p. 7); \"California legislators introduce civil rights bills; FEPC measure passage in House anticipated\" (p. 8); JACL to file statement supporting civil rights measure in Congress\" (p. 8).","extent":"11W x 17H","links_children":"ddr-pc-29-5","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil liberties","id":"233"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Politics","id":"235"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- Los Angeles","id":"272"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Community activities -- Conventions and conferences","id":"299"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Japanese American identity","id":"47"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Korean American identity","id":"458"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Sansei","id":"338"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Law and legislation","id":"340"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"02/01/1957","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-29-5-mezzanine-60452582cc-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38-21","model":"entity","index":"5 880/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-21/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38-21/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-21-mezzanine-b12690c4c8-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-21-mezzanine-b12690c4c8-a.jpg"},"title":"Mess hall at Civilian Conservation Corps Camp","description":"Photographed is a mess hall at Civilian Conservation Corps Camp, Rupert, Idaho. Includes George Nobuo Naohara. The caption reads: The mess hall of C.C.C. Camp [Civilian Conservation Corps Camp] was well furnished with good kitchen appliances and tools. I was raised in Japan and did not know how to operate or use them, but I was able to figure it out. Senior people and the experienced people taught me how to cook. I was impressed by the facilities in America and admired the advanced lifestyle which was totally different from that of Issei strawberry pickers. [In Japanese]. Title from caption. A photo from \"George Naohara photo album\" (csudh_nao_0001), page 4. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/15693\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nao_01_04_002</a>","extent":"black and white, 6.5 x 5.5 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38-21","topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Kibei","id":"45"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- Work leave","id":"103"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Idaho","id":"491"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Agriculture -- Farming","id":"345"}],"format":"img","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Rupert, Idaho","creation":"1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-21-mezzanine-b12690c4c8-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-19-3","model":"entity","index":"6 881/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-19-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-19-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-19/ddr-csujad-19-3-mezzanine-d9d38ce84e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-19/ddr-csujad-19-3-mezzanine-d9d38ce84e-a.jpg"},"title":"Excerpts from speech given at the University of Hawaii Forum, March 1943","description":"Excerpts from speech given at the University of Hawaii Forum, March 1943. The document presents three quoted passages from the speech, one concerning the role of people of \"the Japanese race\" in serving as liaisons who can provide the most reliable check on the morale, needs, and activities of \"the Japanese community\"; one comparing the United States's actions to \"give one of the enemy race a fair cha[n]ce to prove himself,\" as in Hawaii, to actions Himmler or Rosenberg would have undertaken; and one distinguishing \"Japan and her people\" from \"Americans of Japanese blood,\" saying that \"until they prove ... traitorous, they should be treated as Americans.\" See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/8396\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">WRA_02-15_01</a>","extent":"1 page, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-19-3","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Fielder, Kendall J. (Kendall Jordan), 1893-1981"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Hawai'i","id":"277"},{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- War Relocation Authority (WRA)","id":"403"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Cross-racial relations","id":"38"},{"term":"World War II -- Propaganda -- U.S. government propaganda","id":"170"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Northridge. University Library. Special Collections & Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Hawaii","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Fielder, Kendall J. (Kendall Jordan), 1893-1981 author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-19-3-mezzanine-d9d38ce84e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38-459","model":"entity","index":"7 882/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-459/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38-459/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-459-mezzanine-4750fc137c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-459-mezzanine-4750fc137c-a.jpg"},"title":"Geo testing the jeep","description":"Photographed is George Nobuo Naohara riding on a jeep. The English caption reads: Geo testing the jeep. It turned out to be usuable [usable]. Translation of the Japanese caption: I tried the jeep which Sasaki-kun found. I thought it could be usable. Asakura-kun used it for his work. He ordered gasoline periodically and added 2 1/4 ton of gasoline for other G-2's cars. I was assigned to a driver task and drove to G-2 Headquarter every night to submit reports to Capt. Meimo. Title from caption. The Item from: George Naohara scrapbook: Korean War and before leaving Japan (csudh_nao_0600). See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/35199\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nao_04_035_004</a>","extent":"black and white, 4 x 4 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38-459","topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Kibei","id":"45"},{"term":"Korean War","id":"466"},{"term":"Military service","id":"296"}],"format":"img","contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"South Korea","creation":"1950-1951","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-459-mezzanine-4750fc137c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-256","model":"entity","index":"8 883/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-256/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-256/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-256-mezzanine-6acafd780e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-256-mezzanine-6acafd780e-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Jokichi Yamanaka to Mr. S. Okine, May 17, 1948 [in Japanese]","description":"A letter from Jokichi Yamanaka in Hiroshima, Japan to his brother-in-law, Seiichi Okine. He thanks the Okines for the letter, the tobacco, and ajinomoto brought by the Nakano family. He also thanks Hatsuno Hotty Befu for the gifts. He informs that his daughter, Fumiko, has left for the U.S., but it is not clear when he is going to be permitted to return. The letter is resealed with the tape, \"OPENED BY MIL. CEN. CIVIL MAILS,\" and stamped with \"C.C.D. J-2967\" by the Civil Censorship Detachment. The arrival date of the letter, June 14, and replied date, 22, are recorded on the backside of the envelope. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/6817\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">oki_02_86_001</a>","extent":"1 page, 8.25 x 13 inches, handwritten; 1 envelope","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-256","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Yamanaka, Jokichi"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Family","id":"46"},{"term":"Japan -- Post-World War II","id":"165"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- The journey","id":"3"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Hiroshima, Japan","creation":"5/17/1948","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yamanaka, Jokichi author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-256-mezzanine-6acafd780e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-151-45","model":"entity","index":"9 884/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-151-45/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-151-45/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-45-mezzanine-986efc965b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-45-mezzanine-986efc965b-a.jpg"},"title":"Soldier and mother","description":"Original WRA caption: Florin, Sacramento County, California. A soldier and his mother in a strawberry field. The soldier, age 23, volunteered July 10, 1941, and is stationed at Camp Leonard Wood, Missouri. He was furloughed to help his mother and family prepare for their evacuation. He is youngest of six years children, two of them volunteers in United States Army. The mother, age 53, came from Japan 37 years ago. Her husband died 21 years ago, leaving her to raise six children. She worked in a strawberry basket factory until last year when her her children leased three acres of strawberries \"so she wouldn't have to work for somebody else.\" The family is Buddhist. This is her youngest son. Her second son is in the army stationed at Fort Bliss. 453 families are to be evacuated from this area.","links_children":"ddr-densho-151-45","creators":[{"role":"photographer","namepart":"Lange, Dorothea"}],"topics":[{"term":"Military service -- Pre-World War II service","id":"92"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"photograph","location":"Florin, California","creation":"11-May-42","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Lange, Dorothea photographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-151-45-mezzanine-986efc965b-a.jpg"},{"id":"945","model":"narrator","index":"10 885/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/945/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/945/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-chi-1-12_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-chi-1-12_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/945/interviews/"},"display_name":"Fumino Tsuchiya-Knox","bio":"Sansei female. Born February 20, 1945, at the Manzanar concentration camp, California. Prior to the war, her father, an Issei, was a curator at the Harding Museum in Chicago. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, her parents decided to volunteer to go early to Manzanar to help set up the camp. After leaving Manzanar, the family lived in California and then moved to Japan, where father worked for the U.S. Navy translating for the war crimes trials. They returned to Los Angeles where Fumino grew up."},{"id":"457","model":"narrator","index":"11 886/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/457/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/457/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mkenji.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mkenji.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/457/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kenji Maruko","bio":"Sansei male. Born December 13, 1920, in Fresno, California. Father was born in Hawaii, mother was born in Japan. Grew up in Fresno, where parents ran a successful bicycle shop and general store. During World War II, removed to the Fresno Assembly Center, California, and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Signed \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questions\" and was segregated to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Renounced U.S. citizenship, and was transferred to the Department of Justice camp at Santa Fe, New Mexico. Decided to remain in the U.S., and had citizenship restored. After the war, returned to Fresno."},{"id":"84","model":"narrator","index":"12 887/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/84/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/84/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ssarah.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ssarah.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/84/interviews/"},"display_name":"Sarah Sato","bio":"Sansei female. (Mother and father born in Hawaii.) Born February 1925 in Peru. Spent prewar childhood in Peru and Hawaii. Father picked up by the FBI and detained after bombing of Pearl Harbor. Was incarcerated at Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas, and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Renounced citizenship in order to stay with parents, and was expatriated to Japan. Regained U.S. citizenship and returned to the United States."},{"id":"402","model":"narrator","index":"13 888/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/402/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/402/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ygeorge_3.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ygeorge_3.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/402/interviews/"},"display_name":"George M. Yoshino","bio":"Nisei male. Born February 25, 1921, in Bellevue, Washington. Grew up in Bellevue, where parents operated a farm. During World War II, removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. While in camp, obtained temporary leave to work for a railroad company. Volunteered for the military, and served with the Military Intelligence Service in Japan during the U.S. occupation. After the war, settled in St. Paul, Minnesota."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1021-8","model":"entity","index":"14 889/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1021-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-8-1-mezzanine-a91c4d2b40-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-8-1-mezzanine-a91c4d2b40-a.jpg"},"title":"Thomas T. Noguchi Interview","description":"Thomas Noguchi was the first Japanese American to serve as the Chief Medical Examiner-Coroner of Los Angeles Country. Well-known for conducting autopsies of public figures such as Robert F. Kennedy, Marilyn Monroe, and William Holden, Noguchi was in the position between 1967 and 1982. As a Shin Issei immigrant born in Japan (in 1927) and trained in medicine in both Japan and the United States, Noguchi faced racial prejudice especially early in his career, leading to a dismissal from the position in 1969. The Japanese American community and organizations, including the Japanese American Citizens League, made a concerted effort to reinstate him, a campaign that proved successful. Noguchi felt \"grateful,\" and when US survivors ask for his assistance to organize themselves in 1970, he felt as if it was a good opportunity to give back to the community. He enlisted support for US hibakusha from the California State Senator Mervyn Dymally and the U.S. Congressman Edward Roybal. They authored the bills that would have established a publicly funded program for medical care and treatment of radiation illnesses among US survivors. Although both the state and federal bills failed, Noguchi's collaborative effort with the politicians of color reveal changing racial and class relations in the state and national politics in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Noguchi's interview includes a discussion of his work with key leaders of the US survivors' organization, his communication with the JACL, and the public hearings for the medical bills.","extent":"0:54:01","links_children":"ddr-densho-1021-8","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":969,"namepart":"Thomas T. Noguchi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Naoko Wake"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"27-Mar-14","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Thomas T. Noguchi narrator \nNaoko Wake interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1021-8-1-mezzanine-a91c4d2b40-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38-2","model":"entity","index":"15 890/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-2-mezzanine-d47a6b93d2-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-2-mezzanine-d47a6b93d2-a.jpg"},"title":"George Naohara's handwritten annotations","description":"English translations of handwritten annotations from \"George Naohara photo album\" (csudh_nao_0001), page 4: [Left] Several meetings were held in Little Tokyo, Los Angeles, California, prior to moving to the Manzanar incarceration camp in California. I attended those meetings. What was announced was that all Japanese Americans residing in California and the West Coast should move to “War Relocation Centers” and we, Japanese Americans, complied with the decision made by the U.S. government. We gathered at the Merynoll School in Los Angeles. We were directed to get on a train at the Union Station and sent to the Manzanar incarceration camp. We were allowed to bring one suitcase and one gallon of water. I was incarcerated. Two to three month later, the recruitment of farm laborers was announced: \"Farm laborers for sugar beets are needed in Idaho and Utah. Volunteers will be transported by bus. Follow the instructions.\" I signed up my name and became one of the passengers in a bus. In the bus, I run into Tadashi Sakaida age at 17. Tadashi Sakaida was one of the passengers of the Kamakura-maru which was the ship that I got on when sailing from Japan to the U.S. He was one of my friends. We was delighted to be reunited, and we both worked in a farm together for two years, earning one dollar per hour.       [Center] After incarcerated in the Manzanar camp in California, the recruitment of farm laborers for sugar beets was announced. Maybe about 150 people were hired. I was assigned to C.C.C. Camp [Civilian Conservation Corps Camp] in Rupert, Idaho, where young trouble makers were detained. I went to Idaho. They immediately needed to accommodate three meals for all the laborers, and the mess hall work was an urgent demand. That was my first time to meet the cooks and other staff in the mess hall, and I did not know who they were. Among the mess hall staff, George Naohara was a young man at age 20. The mess hall staff consisted of six people. The kitchen work was very busy.  [Right bottom] The mess hall of C.C.C. Camp [Civilian Conservation Corps Camp] was well furnished with good kitchen appliances and tools. I was raised in Japan and did not know how to operate or use them, but I was able to figure it out. Senior people and the experienced people taught me how to cook. I was impressed by the facilities in America and admired the advanced lifestyle which was totally different from that of Issei strawberry pickers. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/15687\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nao_01_004</a>","extent":"1 page, 8 x 8.75 inches, handwritten; black and white","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38-2","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Kibei","id":"45"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- Los Angeles","id":"272"},{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\") -- Japanese American community responses","id":"52"},{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\") -- Preparation","id":"189"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- Work leave","id":"103"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"status":"completed","search_hidden":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014 author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-2-mezzanine-d47a6b93d2-a.jpg"},{"id":"76","model":"narrator","index":"16 891/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/76/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/76/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nchizuko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nchizuko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/76/interviews/"},"display_name":"Chizuko Norton","bio":"Nisei female. Born July 3, 1924, in Seattle, Washington. Spent prewar childhood in Japan; Bellevue, Washington; and Kirkland, Washington. Incarcerated at Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Returned to Seattle after the war, obtained master's degree from the University of Washington in the field of social work. Founded Seattle's first alternative school program for the Seattle Public Schools and cofounded the Separation and Loss Institute. One of the first Nisei in a biracial marriage. Discusses impact of incarceration on Japanese American health and cultural identity."},{"id":"1065","model":"narrator","index":"17 892/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1065/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1065/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-phljacl-1-13_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-phljacl-1-13_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1065/interviews/"},"display_name":"Hiroshi Uyehara","bio":"Nisei male. Born January 1, 1916, in Oakland, California. Grew up in the Los Angeles area where father started a fish cake factory. Attended UCLA and UC Berkeley and then worked as an electrical draftsman for the Department of Water and Power for the City of Los Angeles. After Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, discharged from civil service job. Removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Rohwer concentration camp, Arkansas. Left camp and moved to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and established a career with the Westinghouse Electric Corporation in Lester, Pennsylvania."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-109","model":"entity","index":"18 893/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-109/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-109/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-109-mezzanine-486575d664-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-109-mezzanine-486575d664-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Makoto Okine to Mr. S. Okine, September 24, 1945 [in Japanese]","description":"A letter from Makoto Okine who is probably stationed in Italy as a U.S. military soldier to his father, Seiichi Okine in the Rohwer incarceration camp, Arkansas. He describes his vacation, staying in a hotel and eating at a restaurant. He states that he has not had a chance to sleep in a bed with sheets or eat restaurant meals for a year. He also assumes that his brother, Masao Okine, would be discharged and return from Japan to the U.S. in May or June, 1946. The letter is mailed via New York by U.S. Army Postal Service. Seiichi Okine records the arrival date of the letter, October 16, 1945, and the replied date , October 17, 1945. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/13613\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">oki_01_39_001</a>","extent":"2 pages, 5.5 x 7 inches, handwritten; 1 envelope","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-109","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Okine, Makoto"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- 442nd Regimental Combat Team","id":"89"},{"term":"Military service -- Post-World War II service","id":"297"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Italy","facility":[{"term":"Rohwer","id":"9"}],"creation":"9/24/1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Okine, Makoto author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-109-mezzanine-486575d664-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-186","model":"entity","index":"19 894/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-186/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-186/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-186-mezzanine-f636977192-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-186-mezzanine-f636977192-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Masao Okine to Mr. and Mrs. S. Okine, May 19, 1946 [in Japanese]","description":"A letter from Masao Okine to his parents, Seiichi and Tomeyo Okine. He writes from Japan where he is stationed as a Nisei solder. The letter is mailed via San Francisco by the U. S. Army Postal Service. In the letter, he informs that he has received letters from his sister, Hatsuno, his wife, Ayame, and his brother, Makoto, and met his brother-in-law, Nobuyuki Tanimoto, and everyone is being well. He assumes that they do not have enough coal in larger cities, such as Chicago and Los Angeles, but they would be restored soon. He encloses photographs that he has taken during his visit in Hiroshima. The photographs are not found in the item. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/13862\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">oki_02_31_001</a>","extent":"3 pages, 6 x 9 inches, handwritten; 1 envelope","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-186","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Okine, Masao"}],"topics":[{"term":"Military service -- Postwar occupation of Japan","id":"199"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Military Intelligence Service","id":"91"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Family","id":"46"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Japan","creation":"5/19/1946","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Okine, Masao author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-186-mezzanine-f636977192-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-410","model":"entity","index":"20 895/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-410/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-410/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-swarren-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-swarren-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Warren Koichi Suzuki Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born February 27, 1921, in Seattle, Washington. At age ten, was sent to Japan to live and attend school. Returned to Seattle prior to World War II. During the war, was removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Answered \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire\" and was transferred to Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, returned to Seattle and lived with then wife and child in a hostel located in Seattle's Japanese language school. Established a postwar career with the City of Seattle.<p>(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:44:28","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-410","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":664,"namepart":"Warren Koichi Suzuki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0110h76","namepart":"Suzuki, Koichi Warren"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"May 10, 2012","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Warren Koichi Suzuki narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Suzuki, Koichi Warren 88922nr0110h76","download_large":"denshovh-swarren-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"195","model":"narrator","index":"21 896/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/195/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/195/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tdave.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tdave.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/195/interviews/"},"display_name":"Dave Tatsuno","bio":"Nisei male. Born March 31, 1913, in San Francisco, California. Spent difficult childhood years in San Francisco under care of a guardian while family lived in Japan. Graduated with a degree in business administration from the University of California at Berkeley before World War II. Removed to Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and then to Topaz concentration camp, Utah. While in Topaz, was permitted to travel around the country as a buyer for the camp co-op store, and also obtained permission to shoot home movie footage from within the camp itself. After World War II, established the Nichibei Bussan Department Store in San Jose's Japantown."},{"id":"16","model":"narrator","index":"22 897/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/16/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/16/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hfumiko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hfumiko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/16/interviews/"},"display_name":"Fumiko Hayashida","bio":"Nisei female. Born January 21, 1911, in Winslow, Washington. Grew up in Japan and the Fletcher's Bay area of Bainbridge Island, Washington. Member of the first group of Japanese Americans to be forcibly removed from their homes and incarcerated. Incarcerated at Manzanar concentration camp, California, and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho, while pregnant and caring for two small children. Subject of famous photo of a mother carrying her sleeping child wearing evacuation tags."},{"id":"921","model":"narrator","index":"23 898/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/921/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/921/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-475_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-475_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/921/interviews/"},"display_name":"Hisaji Q. Sakai","bio":"Nisei male. Born February 28, 1925, in San Francisco, California. Grew up in San Francisco, where parents had a grocery store business. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, moved to Iowa to attend college and avoid the mass incarceration. Attended college in Nebraska and Michigan. Drafted into the Military Intelligence Service and served in Japan during the U.S. occupation. Returned to the San Francisco area and established a career as a radiologist."},{"id":"782","model":"narrator","index":"24 899/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/782/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/782/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/syoshimitsu.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/syoshimitsu.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/782/interviews/"},"display_name":"Yoshimitsu Suyematsu","bio":"Nisei male. Born May 30, 1927, on Bainbridge Island, Washington. Grew up on Bainbridge, where parents ran a strawberry farm. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California, then transferred to the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. After leaving camp, returned to Bainbridge for a time and then volunteered for the military, serving in Japan during the U.S. occupation. After returning to the United States, established a farm in Ontario, Oregon."}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Japan; California","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}