(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:36:24","links_children":"ddr-densho-1001-37","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":317,"namepart":"Sadayoshi Omoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Kitamoto"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Don Sellers"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr012bm8n","namepart":"Omoto, Sadayoshi"}],"contributor":"Bainbridge Island Japanese American Community Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Bainbridge Island, Washington","creation":"June 15, 2008","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sadayoshi Omoto narrator \nFrank Kitamoto interviewer \nDon Sellers videographer Omoto, Sadayoshi 88922nr012bm8n","download_large":"denshovh-osadayoshi-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-2","model":"collection","index":"13 713/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-1-mezzanine-010f63fe6c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-1-mezzanine-010f63fe6c-a.jpg"},"title":"San Jose State Schmidt (Willard E.) Papers","description":"The Willard Schmidt collection, documents some of the administrative duties of Willard Schmidt, the Chief of Internal Security for the War Relocation Authority and the Tule Lake incarceration/segregation camp. This collection contains administrative records and photos documenting the Tule Lake camp, the largest incarceration camp with a peak population of 18,789 and with the most turbulent history. In 1943, the camp was turned into a segregation center to house \"disloyal\" Japanese Americans relocated from other camps based on their answers to a confusing loyalty questionnaire. The camp endured martial law from November 1943- Jan 1944 after escalating protests and unrest. The hostile environment of the camp lead to many incarcerees renouncing their American citizenship upon the end of incarceration, a process which took 14 years to reverse if they did not wish to be deported to Japan.
See the full finding aid at Online Archive of California.","extent":"2 box 1 linear ft.","links_children":"ddr-csujad-2","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Schmidt, Willard E."}],"language":["eng"],"contributor":"San Jose State University Department of Special Collections and Archives","public":"1","rights":"pcc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Schmidt, Willard E. author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-2-1-mezzanine-010f63fe6c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-275","model":"entity","index":"14 714/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-275/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-275/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-275-mezzanine-9e2bf17674-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-275-mezzanine-9e2bf17674-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Miyuki [Matsuura] to Mr. and Mrs. S. Okine, July 12, 1952 [in Japanese]","description":"A letter from Miyuki Matsuura to her uncle and aunt, Seiichi and Tomeyo Okine. She updates on her crops, picking strawberries, and her fears that the recent cold weather would delay the growth of garlic. She also updates on Mr. Freitas's wedding gift that Seiichi Okine asked her to prepare. She bought a large plate and salad bowl in the same pattern, which she found at a discount in Whittier, California. They are made in Italy and good quality. Including a card, the total costs 7 dollars 86 cents. She also writes about her father, Jokichi Yamanaka, who is traveling in Japan and is going back home to Hiroshima in a week. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: oki_03_10_001","extent":"1 page, 8 x 10 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-275","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Matsuura, Miyuki"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"},{"term":"Community activities -- Weddings","id":"28"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Family","id":"46"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"San Juan Bautista, California","creation":"7/12/1952","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Matsuura, Miyuki author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-275-mezzanine-9e2bf17674-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-102","model":"entity","index":"15 715/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-102/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-102/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-wharvey-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-wharvey-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Harvey Watanabe Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born February 7, 1919, in Exeter, California. Spent prewar childhood in Visalia, California. Drafted prior to World War II. Served in an activated National Guard unit at Fort Lewis, Washington. When World War II broke out, he and all the other Nisei servicemen at Fort Lewis were sent inland. About twenty, Harvey included, went to Fort Hayes, Columbus, Ohio. Recruited for the Military Intelligence Service and trained at the Military Intelligence Language School at Camp Savage, Minnesota. Sent overseas to serve in the Allied Translator and Interpreter Section (ATIS) of General MacArthur's headquarters in Australia, Manila and Japan. Assisted in negotiating the surrender of Japanese troops in Manila. Managed the Dai Ichi Hotel in Tokyo for headquarters staff. Later served in the Korean War. Resettled in Seattle, Washington and worked for the Boeing Company.","extent":"01:44:06","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-102","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":103,"namepart":"Harvey Watanabe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Stacy Sakamoto"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Richard Pratt"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"November 4, 1996","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Harvey Watanabe narrator \nStacy Sakamoto interviewer \nRichard Pratt videographer","download_large":"denshovh-wharvey-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"1060","model":"narrator","index":"16 716/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1060/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1060/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-phljacl-1-7_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-phljacl-1-7_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1060/interviews/"},"display_name":"Yoneko Watanabe Okamoto","bio":"Nisei female. Born 1918 in Tokyo, Japan. Immigrated to the U.S. with parents at age five, and grew up in Hollywood, California. During World War II, incarcerated at the Pomona assembly center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. Left camp to resettle in Philadelphia, California."},{"id":"ddr-njpa-4-809","model":"entity","index":"17 717/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-njpa-4-809/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-njpa-4-809/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-njpa-4/ddr-njpa-4-809-master-b504256950-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-njpa-4/ddr-njpa-4-809-master-b504256950-a.jpg"},"title":"Japanese Boy Scout leader with Honolulu Boy Scout leaders","description":"Caption on reverse: \"JAPAN SCOUT LEADER VISITS HERE: Eagle Scout Arthur K. Goto of Honolulu's Explorer Post 82 is shown wishing Count Yorihiro Matsudaira, president of the Boy Scouts Council of Kagawa prefecture, Japan, godspeed as he left aboard a Pan American plane for Tokyo following a two-day visit in Honolulu a week ago last Saturday, as Andy Groenink, deputy scout executive of the Honolulu Boy Scouts Council and Eagle Scout Richard Y. Mitsunaga of Troop 10, Honolulu, look on. Count Matsudaira was enroute home from an extended visit in the United States during which he was a leader of the delegation of 22 Japanese Boy Scouts to the National Jamboree of the Boy Scouts of America held at the Irvine Ranch in southern California in July and later spent a month at the Schiff Scout reservation in New Jersey attending the national training school for scout executives. He also visited the national office of the Boys Scouts of America in New York City where he was entertained by Arthur A. Schuck, chief scout executive.--(Masao Miyamoto photo).\"","extent":"2W x 1.75H","links_children":"ddr-njpa-4-809","creators":[{"role":"photographer","namepart":"Miyamoto, Masao"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Groenink, Andy"},{"namepart":"Matsudaira, Yorihiro"},{"namepart":"Goto, Arthur K."},{"namepart":"Mitsunaga, Richard Y."}],"contributor":"Hawaii Times Photo Archives Foundation","rights":"pcc","genre":"photograph","location":"Honolulu, Hawai'i","creation":"c. 1940s-1950s","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Miyamoto, Masao photographer Groenink, Andy \nMatsudaira, Yorihiro \nGoto, Arthur K. \nMitsunaga, Richard Y.","download_large":"ddr-njpa-4-809-master-b504256950-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-249","model":"entity","index":"18 718/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-249/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-249/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-249-mezzanine-7c384027cb-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-249-mezzanine-7c384027cb-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Jokichi Yamanaka to Mr. S. Okine, January 20, 1948 [in Japanese]","description":"A letter from Jokichi Yamanaka in Hiroshima, Japan to his brother-in-law and sister-in-law, Seiichi and Tomeyo Okine. Jokichi expresses his gratitude for the gifts that were sent by his niece, Hatsuno Hotty Befu. He explains that while the gifts from Seiichi mainly include clothing, he is often running out of food in Japan and is thus so thankful to receive the gift of food from Hatsuno. Jokichi also updates on the status of his application for a reentry permit to the U.S., assuming that he would be able to return in May or June. The letter is resealed with the tape, \"OPENED BY MIL. CEN. CIVIL MAILS,\" and stamped with \"C.C.D. J-2964\" by the Civil Censorship Detachment. The arrival date of the letter, February 18, 1948, is recorded on the backside of the envelope. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: oki_02_80_001","extent":"1 page, 8.25 x 13.25 inches, handwritten; 1 envelope","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-249","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Yamanaka, Jokichi"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Family","id":"46"},{"term":"Japan -- Post-World War II","id":"165"},{"term":"Military service -- Postwar occupation of Japan","id":"199"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Hiroshima, Japan","creation":"1/20/1948","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yamanaka, Jokichi author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-249-mezzanine-7c384027cb-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-156","model":"entity","index":"19 719/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-156/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-156/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-156-mezzanine-67951118a7-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-156-mezzanine-67951118a7-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Masao Okine to Mr. and Mrs. S. Okine, August 16, 1946 [in Japanese]","description":"A letter from Masao Okine who is stationed in Yokohama, Japan as a Nisei soldier to his parents, Seiichi and Tomeyo Okine. This letter is mailed via San Francisco by the U.S. Postal Service. In the letter, he describes his work and daily routine in Japan. He has been transferred from Tokyo to Yokohama and his duty is driving a jeep. He gets up at 4:45 AM, eats breakfast at 6:15 AM, and leaves for work at 7:30 AM. He works until 12:30 PM and is free in the afternoon. He assumes that he is going to be discharged around October and his brother, Makoto, who is deployed in Europe as a Nisei soldier, is returning to the U.S. soon. The arrival date of the letter, August 20, 1946, is recorded on the backside of the envelope. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: oki_02_06_001","extent":"2 pages, 5.5 x 9 inches, handwritten; 1 envelope","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-156","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Okine, Masao"}],"topics":[{"term":"Military service -- Postwar occupation of Japan","id":"199"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Military Intelligence Service","id":"91"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- 442nd Regimental Combat Team","id":"89"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Yokohama, Japan","creation":"8/16/1946","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Okine, Masao author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-156-mezzanine-67951118a7-a.jpg"},{"id":"555","model":"narrator","index":"20 720/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/555/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/555/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/djack.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/djack.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/555/interviews/"},"display_name":"Jack Dairiki","bio":"Kibei male. Born December 25, 1930 in Sacramento, California. Grew up in Sacramento where parents ran a hotel. In 1941, traveled to Japan with father to Japan, then could not return to the United States because of impending war. Was living in Hiroshima when the United States dropped the atomic bomb in 1945. Returned to the United States after World War II, and continues to talk about wartime experiences."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-279","model":"entity","index":"21 721/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-279/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-279/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ntetsuo-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ntetsuo-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Tetsuo Nomiyama Interview","description":"Kibei-Nisei male. Born January 20, 1916, in Alameda, California. At the age of five, family returned to live in Japan. Attended school in Japan before returning to the U.S. in 1937. Drafted into the U.S. Army, and was in training when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Resisted military orders while in basic training, and was court martialed and imprisoned in the stockade at Fort McClellan, Alabama. Along with other Japanese Americans in the same situation, the group later came to be known as the \"Fort McClellan Disciplinary Barrack Boys,\" or \"DB Boys.\" Sentenced to five years' imprisonment, and served at Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary. In the 1980s, a legal team headed by Mr. Nomiyama's son-in-law mounted a legal effort to clear the DB Boys' names. They succeeded in having the army grant honorable discharges, but were unable to get the court martials ultimately overturned.
(Participating in this interview is Mr. Paul Minerich, who is Mr. Nomiyama's son-in-law. An attorney, Mr. Minerich headed the effort to clear his father-in-law's name regarding his wartime court martial conviction. This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:17:06","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-279","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":482,"namepart":"Tetsuo Nomiyama"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Westminster, California","creation":"May 2, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tetsuo Nomiyama narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer","download_large":"denshovh-ntetsuo-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"67","model":"narrator","index":"22 722/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/67/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/67/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nyaeko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nyaeko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/67/interviews/"},"display_name":"Yaeko Nakano","bio":"Sansei female. Born August 2, 1922, in Suooshima, Yamaguchi, Japan, and lived there until she was about 1 1/2 years old. Grew up in Tacoma, Washington. During World War II, incarcerated at the Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. At Tule Lake she and her husband married, and her oldest son, Kenichi, was later born there in 1944. Hiroshi was born in 1954 and Stanley was born in 1957. The Nakano family almost repatriated back to Japan before permanently resettling in Fife, Washington."},{"id":"ddr-densho-121-12","model":"entity","index":"23 723/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-121-12/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-121-12/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-12-mezzanine-3a68e1d791-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-12-mezzanine-3a68e1d791-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen Vol. 22 No. 5","description":"Selected article titles: \"California Demands Federal Government Maintain Financial Responsibility for Evacuees\" (p. 1), \"Window Smashed in Penryn Store Opened by Nisei Ex-GI\" (p. 1), \"Deportation Cases Will Be Handled by International Institute\" (p. 1), \"Hearing on Thirty Deportation Cases Postponed, Says Wirin\" (p. 1), \"Nisei Specialists Worked Behind Lines in Japan\" (p. 1), \"The Alien Land Cases: State of California Pushes Program to Grab Nisei Lands\" (p. 1), \"Minors Who Refused to Renounce Rights to Get State Care\" (p. 1), \"Los Angeles Lawyer Vote on Admitting Non-Whites to Group\" (p. 1), \"Old Law is Instrument for Big California Land Grab\" (p. 2), \"16 Thousand Evacuees Back in L.A. Area\" (p. 2), \"War Prisoner Backs Rights of Canada's Japanese Americans\" (p. 2), \"California Terrorist Admits Shooting Into Homes of Two Japanese American Families\" (p. 2), \"Repatriates Wish They Were Back in U.S.\" (p. 3), \"Canada Seeks Court Verdict on Deportation\" (p. 3), \"Minidoka Camp Will Cease Operations\" (p. 3), \"Two Sisters Who Aided Nazi POWs Returning home\" (p. 3), \"Washington News-Letter: Seek Creation of New Agency To Carry on WRA's Functions\" (p. 5), \"The Fallacy of Race: Wider Range of Relationships Has Emerged From the War\" (p. 5), \"Report Santa Clara County Now Has Largest Percentage of Returned Evacuee Group\" (p. 8).","extent":"1389W x 2032H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-121-12","format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","creation":"2-Feb-46","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-121-12-mezzanine-3a68e1d791-a.jpg"},{"id":"522","model":"narrator","index":"24 724/{'value': 951, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/522/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/522/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/htaneyuki.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/htaneyuki.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/522/interviews/"},"display_name":"Taneyuki Dan Harada","bio":"Kibei male. Born June 17, 1923, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in Los Angeles before moving to Japan and attending school. Returned to the U.S. in 1938, and was attending high school when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. While in camp, attended art school and developed skills as an artist. Answered \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire\" and was taken to Leupp Citizen Isolation Center, Arizona. Transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California, where he was placed in the stockade. Renounced U.S. citizenship, but regained it after the war. Returned to California after leaving camp."}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Japan; California","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}