Although Mr. Matsumoto does not identify himself as a Kibei (American-born person of Japanese ancestry sent to Japan for formal education and socialization when young and later returned to the U.S.), some of his life experiences are similar to those who do identify themselves as such.","extent":"00:02:48","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-153-84","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":151,"namepart":"Roy H. Matsumoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Military Intelligence Service","id":"91"},{"term":"World War II -- Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki","id":"109"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","geography":[{"term":"Japan","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/1000120\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"December 17 & 18, 2003","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Roy H. Matsumoto narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-mroy-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-153-85","model":"segment","index":"1 176/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-153-85/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-153-85/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mroy-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mroy-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Roy H. Matsumoto Interview Segment 85","description":"Reuniting with mother in Hiroshima after the war
Although Mr. Matsumoto does not identify himself as a Kibei (American-born person of Japanese ancestry sent to Japan for formal education and socialization when young and later returned to the U.S.), some of his life experiences are similar to those who do identify themselves as such.","extent":"00:02:51","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-153-85","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":151,"namepart":"Roy H. Matsumoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","geography":[{"term":"Japan","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/1000120\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"December 17 & 18, 2003","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Roy H. Matsumoto narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-mroy-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-43-29","model":"entity","index":"2 177/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-43-29/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-43-29/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-43/ddr-pc-43-29-mezzanine-eec678dca4-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-43/ddr-pc-43-29-mezzanine-eec678dca4-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 73, No. 4 (July 23, 1971)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Farm labor crisis hits JACL\" (p. 1), \"Watsonville Elks against white-only rule\" (p. 1), \"Fear low cost housing may kill Japan Center and Nihonmachi\" (p. 1), \"San Francisco JACL prepared to object to opening of Kenzo's boutique in area\" (p. 1), \"Japan will not rely on nuclear power\" (p. 2), \"In Sacramento, this time: United Way snubs Asians\" (p. 3), \"High school credits allowed Nihongo taught in California private gakuen\" (p. 3), \"Sansei-designed system to save U.S. Navy millions\" (p. 3), \"Nisei biologist develops oral vaccine to prevent bacteria fatal to salmon\" (p. 4), \"Hiroshima-Nagasaki: 26 years ago\" (p. 6)","extent":"14.5W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-43-29","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"July 23, 1971","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-43-29-mezzanine-eec678dca4-a.jpg"},{"id":"965","model":"narrator","index":"3 178/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/965/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/965/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/965/interviews/"},"display_name":"Keiko Shinmoto","bio":"Keiko Shinmoto's father migrated from Hiroshima to Portland, Oregon, where his brother was an owner of a grocery store. After returning to Hiroshima to see his ailing father, Keiko's father found it impossible to return to America as his mother hid his passport to keep him in Japan. Shortly, Keiko's mother joined him in Hiroshima, also her hometown. Unlike her eight older siblings, then, Keiko was born in Japan, in 1936. She recalls the challenge of being sent to the countryside at the age of eight as part of shudan sokai, a wartime program for children aiming to protect the youth from fire bombings in cities. The food shortage and black market called yamiichi that flourished after the war, too, left Keiko a strong impression. She is a nyushi survivor, as she was exposed to radiation by walking through the city of Hiroshima three days after the bombing. She lost one of her older sisters to the bomb. She came to the United States in 1960 with a help of her US-born brother, by then living in Los Angeles. She relearned English from her father who was also back in the United States and in the area at that time. Keiko attended a technical college to study design while working as a \"schoolgirl\" and worked briefly in Beverly Hills as a dressmaker before she married Nisei from Stockton. A former prisoner of the Gila River War Relocation Center, he worked as a mechanic at Chevrolet after the war and became an owner of a car repair shop. Keiko helped the shop's book keeping, while she also raised two children and worked at a grocery store in order to pay for her health insurance. At the time of the interview, Keiko had just joined a biannual medical checkup conducted by Hiroshima physicians in San Francisco for the first time because of the encouragement by another US survivor. After her husband passed away in 1998, she has been enjoying talking with her children, going to a Buddhist church in Stockton, and keeping in touch with her Nisei friends."},{"id":"ddr-densho-493-13","model":"entity","index":"4 179/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-493-13/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-493-13/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-493/ddr-densho-493-13-mezzanine-616424da78-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-493/ddr-densho-493-13-mezzanine-616424da78-a.jpg"},"title":"Inspection card","description":"Surgeon's inspection card for Buichiro Itabashi's journey on the S.S. Shinano from Kobe, Japan, to Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. . Itabashi's name appears misspelled on the card. Front of card reads: \"INSPECTION CARD / (Immigrants and Steerage Passengers).\" Filled portion of card reads: \"Port of departure, Kobe, Japan. Date of departure, JUL 26th 1902 / Name of ship, SHINANO-MARU / Name of Immigrant, [illegible] Isahashi, / Last residence, Hiroshima / Inspected and passed at Kobe, (Hiogo,) Japan [stamped U.S. CONSULATE, KOBE, JAPAN]. Passed at quarantine, port of: Port Townsend Quarantine. (Date.) AUG 13 1902 Passed by Immigration Bureau, Port of: [illegible]. (The Following to be filled in by ship’s surgeon or agent prior to or after embarkation.) Ship’s List or manifest, 15 No. Or ship’s list or manifest [blank or illegible]. Writing in Japanese at upper left; stamped \"SEATTLE\" upper right. Back of card reads \"VACCINATED. / (Signature or Stamp.) [stamped] / \"Keep this card to avoid detention at Quarantine and on Railroads in the United Stated.\" (sic) Message translated into seven additional languages.","extent":"5.875W x 4H","links_children":"ddr-densho-493-13","topics":[{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Arrival","id":"4"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr014f286","namepart":"Itabashi, Buichiro \"Johnny\""}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"ephemera","location":"Kobe, Japan","creation":"July 26, 1902","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Itabashi, Buichiro \"Johnny\" 88922nr014f286","download_large":"ddr-densho-493-13-mezzanine-616424da78-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1010-10-28","model":"segment","index":"5 180/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1010-10-28/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1010-10-28/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1010/denshovh-mnori-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1010/denshovh-mnori-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Nori Masuda Interview Segment 28","description":"Visiting relatives in Hiroshima, deciding to stay and work in Japan
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.","extent":"00:07:36","links_children":"ddr-densho-1010-10-28","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":459,"namepart":"Nori Masuda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Jill Shiraki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Preserving California's Japantowns Collection","geography":[{"term":"Hiroshima, Japan","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7004499\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Fresno, California","creation":"March 10, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Nori Masuda narrator \nJill Shiraki interviewer \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-mnori-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-86-5","model":"segment","index":"6 181/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-86-5/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-86-5/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-sfloyd-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-sfloyd-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Floyd Schmoe Interview II Segment 5","description":"Building homes in Hiroshima, Japan after the atomic bombing
In this interview Mr. Schmoe refers to Aki Kurose, a former employee, fellow Quaker, peace activist, and long-time friend. At the time of this interview, Ms. Kurose had recently passed away after a long struggle with cancer. At the time of this interview, Mr. Schmoe is 102 years old.","extent":"00:07:49","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-86-5","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":86,"namepart":"Floyd Schmoe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Elmer Good"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki","id":"109"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","geography":[{"term":"Japan","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/1000120\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"June 22, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Floyd Schmoe narrator \nElmer Good interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer","download_large":"denshovh-sfloyd-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"109","model":"narrator","index":"7 182/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/109/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/109/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tasano.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tasano.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/109/interviews/"},"display_name":"Asano Terao","bio":"Issei female. Born 1897 in Hiroshima, Japan. Graduated from Shintoku Jikka Girls' High School. Married Mr. Shizuto Terao, an Issei who returned to Japan temporarily from the U.S., through an arranged marriage, and immigrated to the U.S. Lived in Seattle until they moved to Salt Lake City, Utah, to stay with her cousin in the spring of 1942 before all people of Japanese ancestry were removed from the West Coast. After five years in Salt Lake City, returned to Seattle with her family. At the time of the interview, Mrs. Terao resided at an assisted-living apartment in Seattle."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1021-3","model":"entity","index":"8 183/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1021-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-3-1-mezzanine-701b9f69a1-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-3-1-mezzanine-701b9f69a1-a.jpg"},"title":"Keiko Shinmoto Interview","description":"Keiko Shinmoto's father migrated from Hiroshima to Portland, Oregon, where his brother was an owner of a grocery store. After returning to Hiroshima to see his ailing father, Keiko's father found it impossible to return to America as his mother hid his passport to keep him in Japan. Shortly, Keiko's mother joined him in Hiroshima, also her hometown. Unlike her eight older siblings, then, Keiko was born in Japan, in 1936. She recalls the challenge of being sent to the countryside at the age of eight as part of shudan sokai, a wartime program for children aiming to protect the youth from fire bombings in cities. The food shortage and black market called yamiichi that flourished after the war, too, left Keiko a strong impression. She is a nyushi survivor, as she was exposed to radiation by walking through the city of Hiroshima three days after the bombing. She lost one of her older sisters to the bomb. She came to the United States in 1960 with a help of her US-born brother, by then living in Los Angeles. She relearned English from her father who was also back in the United States and in the area at that time. Keiko attended a technical college to study design while working as a \"schoolgirl\" and worked briefly in Beverly Hills as a dressmaker before she married Nisei from Stockton. A former prisoner of the Gila River War Relocation Center, he worked as a mechanic at Chevrolet after the war and became an owner of a car repair shop. Keiko helped the shop's book keeping, while she also raised two children and worked at a grocery store in order to pay for her health insurance. At the time of the interview, Keiko had just joined a biannual medical checkup conducted by Hiroshima physicians in San Francisco for the first time because of the encouragement by another US survivor. After her husband passed away in 1998, she has been enjoying talking with her children, going to a Buddhist church in Stockton, and keeping in touch with her Nisei friends.","extent":"1:38:22","links_children":"ddr-densho-1021-3","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":965,"namepart":"Keiko Shinmoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Naoko Wake"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Stockton, California","creation":"25-Jul-11","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Keiko Shinmoto narrator \nNaoko Wake interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1021-3-1-mezzanine-701b9f69a1-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-214","model":"entity","index":"9 184/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-214/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-214/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-214-mezzanine-9d6331aa77-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-214-mezzanine-9d6331aa77-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Miyuki Matsuura to Mr. and Mrs. S. Okine, October 30, 1947 [in Japanese]","description":"A letter from Miyuki Matsuura to her uncle and aunt, Seiichi and Tomeyo Okine. She thanks them for the chrysanthemums they grew and sent to her. She keeps some of the flowers in her parlor and some of the flowers on Mrs. Freitas' grave. She includes updates on her work including finishing picking tomatoes and starting to produce garlic. She also informs that her sister, Fumiko Yamanaka in Hiroshima, Japan, is planning to return from Japan to the U.S. in two to three months. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: oki_02_53_001","extent":"1 folded sheet (3 panels), 7.75 x 5 inches, handwritten; 1 envelope","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-214","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Matsuura, Miyuki"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Agriculture -- Flower growers","id":"346"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Agriculture -- Farming","id":"345"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"San Juan Bautista, California","creation":"10/30/1947","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Matsuura, Miyuki author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-214-mezzanine-9d6331aa77-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-325","model":"entity","index":"10 185/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-325/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-325/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-djack-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-djack-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Jack Dairiki Interview","description":"Kibei male. Born December 25, 1930 in Sacramento, California. Grew up in Sacramento where parents ran a hotel. In 1941, traveled to Japan with father to Japan, then could not return to the United States because of impending war. Was living in Hiroshima when the United States dropped the atomic bomb in 1945. Returned to the United States after World War II, and continues to talk about wartime experiences.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:22:51","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-325","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":555,"namepart":"Jack Dairiki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Emeryville, California","creation":"March 15, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Jack Dairiki narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer","download_large":"denshovh-djack-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-493-8","model":"entity","index":"11 186/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-493-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-493-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-493/ddr-densho-493-8-mezzanine-7cc79df8b0-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-493/ddr-densho-493-8-mezzanine-7cc79df8b0-a.jpg"},"title":"Kuni Itabashi passport","description":"Passport of Kuni Itabashi, \"Returning Emigrant,\" permitting her to pass from Japan to the U.S.A. Page 1 is entirely in Japanese, page 2 features a passport photo stamped by the Imperial Japanese Government and stamps reading \"SEEN at the American Consulate at Kobe, Japan, March 24, 1920\" \"U.S. Immigration Service SEATTLE, WASH. ADMITTED Date APR 15, 1920 S. S. Chicago Maru. Trent Doser Immigrant Inspector\" as well as two $1 fee stamps. Page 3 is a translation of the passport text, stamped by Viscount Yasuyo Uchida. Lists her name and the date of March 24, 1920, her domicile as Hiroshima-Ken and her relationship of wife to Buichiro Itabashi, as well as age, height, and distinctive fingerprint patterns.","extent":"7.75W x 10.25H (closed); 15.5W x 10.25G","links_children":"ddr-densho-493-8","creators":[{"role":"creator","namepart":"Imperial Japanese Government"}],"topics":[{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Arrival","id":"4"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn","eng","fre"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015z80f \"Mary\"","namepart":"Itabashi, Kuni"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr014f286","namepart":"Itabashi, Buichiro \"Johnny\""},{"namepart":"Uchida, Yasuya"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Kobe, Japan","creation":"March 24, 1920","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Imperial Japanese Government creator Itabashi, Kuni 88922nr015z80f \"Mary\"\nItabashi, Buichiro \"Johnny\" 88922nr014f286\nUchida, Yasuya","download_large":"ddr-densho-493-8-mezzanine-7cc79df8b0-a.jpg"},{"id":"897","model":"narrator","index":"12 187/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/897/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/897/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-449_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-449_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/897/interviews/"},"display_name":"Miyoko Kaneta","bio":"Nisei female. Born December 16, 1926, in El Centro, California. Grew up in various places in California, where parents owned a barbershop. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed with her family to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. After leaving camp, resettled in Hazelton, Idaho, and Oakland, California, before moving to Seattle, Washington. After the war, worked for the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission in Hiroshima, Japan. Became a teacher, and taught for many years in the Seattle Public Schools."},{"id":"ddr-pc-40-44","model":"entity","index":"13 188/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-40-44/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-40-44/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-40/ddr-pc-40-44-mezzanine-4cd264477a-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-40/ddr-pc-40-44-mezzanine-4cd264477a-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 67, No. 18 (November 1, 1968)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Japan decorates Kido, Dr. Yatabe at Meiji fete\" (p. 1), \"LeMay's say on A-bomb dismays Hiroshima mayor\" (p. 1), \"Blaisdell undisturbed by primaries in bid to unseat Spark or Patsy\" (p. 1), \"JACL protests with Chicago groups on police backlash\" (p. 1), \"Nisei translator corps of WW2 rated as 'best secret of the war'\" (p. 3), \"Boyle Heights: When it was more 'Kosher'\" (p. 4), \"Angelenos hear Sen. Inouye predict Democratic victory, says he's afraid of situation that help defeat Kuchel\" (p. 6).","extent":"15W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-40-44","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Politics","id":"235"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Enomoto, Jerry"},{"namepart":"Matsumura, Phil"},{"namepart":"Kanemoto, Wayne"},{"namepart":"Aiso, John F."},{"namepart":"Beekman, Allan"},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Kurisaki, Lyle"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Kanegae, Henry"},{"namepart":"Dohzen, Patti"},{"namepart":"Weissman, David"},{"namepart":"Henry, Jim"},{"namepart":"Murayama, Tamotsu"},{"namepart":"Collins, Bob"},{"namepart":"Nikaido, Roger"},{"namepart":"Gima, Richard"},{"namepart":"Yamauchi"},{"namepart":"Honda, Harry K."},{"namepart":"Hanamoto, Karen"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"November 1, 1968","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League publisher Enomoto, Jerry \nMatsumura, Phil \nKanemoto, Wayne \nAiso, John F. \nBeekman, Allan \nMasaoka, Mike \nKurisaki, Lyle \nHosokawa, Bill \nKanegae, Henry \nDohzen, Patti \nWeissman, David \nHenry, Jim \nMurayama, Tamotsu \nCollins, Bob \nNikaido, Roger \nGima, Richard \nYamauchi \nHonda, Harry K. \nHanamoto, Karen","download_large":"ddr-pc-40-44-mezzanine-4cd264477a-a.jpg"},{"id":"970","model":"narrator","index":"14 189/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/970/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/970/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1021-9_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1021-9_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/970/interviews/"},"display_name":"Paul Satoh","bio":"Born in Osaka, Japan, in 1936, Paul Satoh spent a happy childhood as the only child of a chemist and a homemaker. Satoh's extended family included an uncle who had studied at the University of California, Los Angeles, and his wife, a US-born Nikkei from Hawai'i who occasionally had received a \"care pack from the United States\" that she shared with the Satohs. Although the couple was not affected by the bomb as they were in Tokyo, one of Satoh's other aunts who was in Hiroshima died of radiation sickness. Satoh himself, too, was in Hiroshima as his family's house in Osaka was burned in an air raid early in 1945. Living in his relative's house in Koi, which was about six kilometer from the hypocenter, Satoh remembers hearing a \"real big sound\" at the moment of the explosion. His family decided to take refuge in his grandmother's house in the countryside, and as they walked through Hiroshima, they witnessed people dying on the street from severe burns and injuries. Many years later, his mother died of leukemia, while Satoh himself suffered from thyroid cancer. Immediately after the war, though, Satoh recalled only silence around the bomb, even as many of his classmates passed away because of the delayed radiation effect. He came to the United States in 1960 to study chemistry at Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan. He married a Polish American woman who was his classmate, and experienced racial discrimination in the era when interracial marriages were still illegal in many US states. Satoh also found that his brother-in-law had worked as a maintenance crew for Enola Gay, the airplane that dropped the bomb on Hiroshima. Satoh worked as a chemist in the for-profit sector, and he occasionally lectured at colleges on applied chemistry. Although he was not part of any US survivors' groups, he was interested in issues of nuclear weaponry and bomb victims. He has assisted research for a book written by his acquaintance about US prisoners of war who died of the bomb in Hiroshima in 1945."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-203","model":"entity","index":"15 190/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-203/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-203/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-203-mezzanine-f45b8bd4d6-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-203-mezzanine-f45b8bd4d6-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Edwin Matsuura to Mr. and Mrs. Okine, April 25, 1947 [in Japanese]","description":"A letter from Edwin Takashi Matsuura to Seiichi and Tomeyo Okine. The letter includes general correspondence, enquiring about the health and well-being of the Okine family. He also encloses a letter from Jokichi Yamanaka in Hiroshima, Japan, addressing the Okines. The arrival date of the letter, April 25, 1947, is recorded on the backside of the envelope. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: oki_02_42_001","extent":"1 page, 5.5 x 9 inches, handwritten; 1 envelope","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-203","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Matsuura, Edwin Takashi"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Family","id":"46"},{"term":"Japan -- Post-World War II","id":"165"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"San Juan Bautista, California","creation":"4/25/1947","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Matsuura, Edwin Takashi author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-203-mezzanine-f45b8bd4d6-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-17-33","model":"entity","index":"16 191/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-17-33/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-17-33/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-17/ddr-pc-17-33-mezzanine-7c1f4c275b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-17/ddr-pc-17-33-mezzanine-7c1f4c275b-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 21 No. 7 (August 18, 1945)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Believe V-J Will Not Affect WRA Closing Program; Quota System for Return Disclosed\" (p. 1), \"National VFW Sends Apology To Nisei Over Rejection. Regret Told Over 'Stupidity' Of Spokane Unit in Refusing Application of Wounded Veteran\" (p. 1), \"Bulletin! 442nd to Help Occupy Japan!\" (p. 1), \"Five Segregees Held Illegally, ACLU Charges\" (p. 2), \"Camp Councils Urge Delay in Closing Centers\" (p. 3), \"News of Japanse Surrender Received Calmly at Tule Lake. Individual Services Held by Families for Hiroshima Relatives\" (p. 3), \"Japanese Canadians Carry On Fight Against Repatriation\" (p. 6).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-17-33","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"August 18, 1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-17-33-mezzanine-7c1f4c275b-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-273","model":"entity","index":"17 192/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-273/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-273/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-273-mezzanine-f9870d6788-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-273-mezzanine-f9870d6788-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Masao Okine to Seiichi and Tomeyo Okine, April 3, [1946?] [in Japanese]","description":"A letter from Masao Okine to his parents, Seiichi and Tomeyo Okine. He writes from Japan where he is stationed as a Nisei soldier. He thanks his parents for their letters and package containing Masao's requested items. He informs that he is doing well working as a truck driver, and is going to take ten days vacation from April 15 to visit his relatives in Hiroshima, Japan. He has been in touch with relatives, including the Matsuuras, the Nishimuras, the Yamanakas, and the Kurimas, as well as his wife Ayame and his brother Makoto by exchanging letters. He also informs that he has met his brothers-in-law, including Masuo Befu and Nobuyuki Tanimoto who are also stationed in Japan. He encloses a list of his additional requests for his parents to ship from the U.S. to Japan. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: oki_03_08_001","extent":"4 pages, 6.25 x 9.25 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-273","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Okine, Masao"}],"topics":[{"term":"Japan -- Post-World War II","id":"165"},{"term":"Military service -- Postwar occupation of Japan","id":"199"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Japan","creation":"4/3/1946","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Okine, Masao author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-273-mezzanine-f9870d6788-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-317","model":"entity","index":"18 193/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-317/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-317/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hizumi-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hizumi-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Izumi Hirano Interview","description":"Kibei male. Born February 25, 1929, in Hilo, Hawaii. At the age of four, moved to Japan, where family operated a farm. Attended school in Japan during World War II. Was in school in Hiroshima when the United States dropped the atomic bomb in 1945. Survived the bombing along with mother and brother. In 1949, returned to Hawaii and eventually became involved in establishing an organization of atomic bomb survivors.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:41:05","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-317","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":547,"namepart":"Izumi Hirano"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Honolulu, Hawaii","creation":"March 1, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Izumi Hirano narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-hizumi-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"194","model":"narrator","index":"19 194/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/194/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/194/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yjames.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yjames.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/194/interviews/"},"display_name":"James Yamazaki","bio":"Nisei male. Born July 6, 1916. Grew up in the Los Angeles area, where father was a Buddhist minister. Attended medical school before World War II. During the war, served in the U.S. Army as a doctor with the 106th Infantry Division in Europe. Captured during the Battle of the Bulge and was held in several prisoner of war camps in Germany. After returning to the U.S., worked as a pediatrician for a time before moving to Japan to study the effects of the atomic bombings on children in Hiroshima and Nagasaki."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-108-21","model":"segment","index":"20 195/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-108-21/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-108-21/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-tasano-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-tasano-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Asano Terao Interview I Segment 21","description":"Arranged marriage; system of inheritance in Japan (Japanese language)
This interview was conducted in Japanese and was translated so as to convey Mrs. Terao's way of speaking as closely as possible. For example, there are instances in which she makes some grammatical errors. These mistakes are conveyed through similar grammatical errors in English in order to recreate Mrs. Terao's manner of speaking. Mrs. Terao speaks in the Hiroshima dialect.","extent":"00:03:27","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-108-21","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":109,"namepart":"Asano Terao"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tomoyo Yamada"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Dee Goto"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","geography":[{"term":"Japan","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/1000120\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"May 19, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Asano Terao narrator \nTomoyo Yamada interviewer \nDee Goto interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer","download_large":"denshovh-tasano-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-109-1","model":"segment","index":"21 196/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-109-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-109-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-tasano-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-tasano-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Asano Terao Interview II Segment 1","description":"Anticipating war between the U.S. and Japan (Japanese language)
This interview was conducted in Japanese and was translated so as to convey Mrs. Terao's way of speaking as closely as possible. For example, there are instances in which she makes some grammatical errors. These mistakes are conveyed through similar grammatical errors in English in order to recreate Mrs. Terao's manner of speaking. Mrs. Terao speaks in the Hiroshima dialect.","extent":"00:06:26","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-109-1","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":109,"namepart":"Asano Terao"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tomoyo Yamada"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Dee Goto"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"May 26, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Asano Terao narrator \nTomoyo Yamada interviewer \nDee Goto interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer","download_large":"denshovh-tasano-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-109-32","model":"segment","index":"22 197/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-109-32/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-109-32/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-tasano-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-tasano-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Asano Terao Interview II Segment 32","description":"Corresponding infrequently with family in Japan (Japanese language)
This interview was conducted in Japanese and was translated so as to convey Mrs. Terao's way of speaking as closely as possible. For example, there are instances in which she makes some grammatical errors. These mistakes are conveyed through similar grammatical errors in English in order to recreate Mrs. Terao's manner of speaking. Mrs. Terao speaks in the Hiroshima dialect.","extent":"00:02:37","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-109-32","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":109,"namepart":"Asano Terao"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tomoyo Yamada"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Dee Goto"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"May 26, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Asano Terao narrator \nTomoyo Yamada interviewer \nDee Goto interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer","download_large":"denshovh-tasano-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-175-36","model":"segment","index":"23 198/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-175-36/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-175-36/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-yjames-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-yjames-01-a.jpg"},"title":"James Yamazaki Interview Segment 36","description":"Being asked to go to Japan to conduct a research study after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.","extent":"00:07:04","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-175-36","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":194,"namepart":"James Yamazaki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Carl Wakamoto"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","geography":[{"term":"Japan","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/1000120\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Van Nuys, California","creation":"February 4, 2005","status":"completed","search_hidden":"James Yamazaki narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nCarl Wakamoto videographer","download_large":"denshovh-yjames-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1021-9","model":"entity","index":"24 199/{'value': 233, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1021-9/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021-9/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-9-1-mezzanine-4899f812fb-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-9-1-mezzanine-4899f812fb-a.jpg"},"title":"Paul Satoh Interview","description":"Born in Osaka, Japan, in 1936, Paul Satoh spent a happy childhood as the only child of a chemist and a homemaker. Satoh's extended family included an uncle who had studied at the University of California, Los Angeles, and his wife, a US-born Nikkei from Hawai'i who occasionally had received a \"care pack from the United States\" that she shared with the Satohs. Although the couple was not affected by the bomb as they were in Tokyo, one of Satoh's other aunts who was in Hiroshima died of radiation sickness. Satoh himself, too, was in Hiroshima as his family's house in Osaka was burned in an air raid early in 1945. Living in his relative's house in Koi, which was about six kilometer from the hypocenter, Satoh remembers hearing a \"real big sound\" at the moment of the explosion. His family decided to take refuge in his grandmother's house in the countryside, and as they walked through Hiroshima, they witnessed people dying on the street from severe burns and injuries. Many years later, his mother died of leukemia, while Satoh himself suffered from thyroid cancer. Immediately after the war, though, Satoh recalled only silence around the bomb, even as many of his classmates passed away because of the delayed radiation effect. He came to the United States in 1960 to study chemistry at Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan. He married a Polish American woman who was his classmate, and experienced racial discrimination in the era when interracial marriages were still illegal in many US states. Satoh also found that his brother-in-law had worked as a maintenance crew for Enola Gay, the airplane that dropped the bomb on Hiroshima. Satoh worked as a chemist in the for-profit sector, and he occasionally lectured at colleges on applied chemistry. Although he was not part of any US survivors' groups, he was interested in issues of nuclear weaponry and bomb victims. He has assisted research for a book written by his acquaintance about US prisoners of war who died of the bomb in Hiroshima in 1945.","extent":"2:09:44","links_children":"ddr-densho-1021-9","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":970,"namepart":"Paul Satoh"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Naoko Wake"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"East Lansing, Michigan","creation":"23-Aug-15","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Paul Satoh narrator \nNaoko Wake interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1021-9-1-mezzanine-4899f812fb-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Hiroshima, Japan","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}