(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:28:16","links_children":"ddr-densho-1014-17","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":564,"namepart":"Judy Murakami"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Carolyn Nayematsu"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Bill Kubota"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Twin Cities JACL Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Minneapolis, Minnesota","creation":"October 13, 2009","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Judy Murakami narrator \nCarolyn Nayematsu interviewer \nBill Kubota videographer","download_large":"denshovh-mjudy-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-290","model":"entity","index":"2 302/{'value': 389, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-290/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-290/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-htakashi_2-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-htakashi_2-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Takashi Hoshizaki Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born October 3, 1923, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in Los Angeles, where parents owned and operated a produce store. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to the Pomona Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. While in Heart Mountain, decided to resist the draft, and attended meetings of the Fair Play Committee. Tried for draft resistance, and served two years at the McNeil Island federal penitentiary. After the war, was pardoned by President Truman along with all of the other Japanese American wartime draft resisters.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:58:45","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-290","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":505,"namepart":"Takashi Hoshizaki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Jim Gatewood"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr008p54j","namepart":"Hoshizaki, Takashi"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"July 28, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Takashi Hoshizaki narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nJim Gatewood interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Hoshizaki, Takashi 88922nr008p54j","download_large":"denshovh-htakashi_2-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1007-1771","model":"entity","index":"3 303/{'value': 389, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1007-1771/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1007-1771/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1007/ddr-densho-1007-1771-mezzanine-9b1f419187-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1007/ddr-densho-1007-1771-mezzanine-9b1f419187-a.jpg"},"title":"Interview with Clarence Matsumura, part 3 of 5","description":"Continued from ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1007-1609/. Matsumura discusses the impact of growing up in a small town in Wyoming (particularly the lack of discrimination), the discrimination he faced in Heart Mountain, the movie theaters he ran at Heart Mountain, the extracurricular programs he helped run in camp, going to school, volunteering for the military from school, his time in Fort Hood, TX, joining up with the 442nd in Marseille, the Battle of the Lost Battalion, entering Germany from France, and coming across German military manufacturing sites. Interview starts at 0:24. Loni Ding can be heard asking quetsions behind the camera. Original title: II LA #37, 7-24-85, C. Matsumura Interview III. Interview continues at ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1007-1772/","extent":"00:21:08","links_children":"ddr-densho-1007-1771","creators":[{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Ding, Loni"},{"role":"interviewee","namepart":"Matsumura, Clarence"}],"topics":[{"term":"Arts and literature -- Performing arts -- Film -- Documentaries","id":"251"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Wyoming","id":"508"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- 442nd Regimental Combat Team","id":"89"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Mastumura, Clarence"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"July 24, 1985","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ding, Loni interviewer \nMatsumura, Clarence interviewee Mastumura, Clarence","download_large":"ddr-densho-1007-1771-mezzanine-9b1f419187-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-648","model":"entity","index":"4 304/{'value': 389, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-648/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-648/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-648-mezzanine-48d21beb41-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-648-mezzanine-48d21beb41-a.jpg"},"title":"General information bulletin (Cody, Wyo.), series 14 (September 22, 1942)","description":"General information bulletin, series 14, published at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp, Wyoming on September 22, 1942. Bulletin including news, events, and topics related to Heart Mountain incarceration camp. Includes: Issue call for 1200 more beet workers; Three granted release to attend colleges; Colonists with law training sought; What to do in case of rattlesnake bite; Center hospital gets X-ray machine; Sadataki first appendectomy case here; Workers must eat in own mess halls; Montana engineer makes fire inspection; Well baby clinic will open Friday; 15 Nisei soldiers here on furlough; Seek additional workers for bean harvest; Carpenters rush work on colony lining; Training program planned in ceramics; Panel discussion on cooperatives slated; Colonists receive instructions on use of stoves; Registration for elementary grades set,; Magazine editor visits Heart Mountain; Seek persons interested in teaching English; Harmonica band meets twice weekly; Women's Club meets tonight; Two meetings scheduled by Recreation Department; and Four husky men needed as swampers. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_0650","extent":"4 pages; 12.5 x 8 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-648","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"United States. War Relocation Authority"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications","id":"74"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Cody, Wyoming","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"9/22/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"United States. 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Includes: Heart Mountain host to National WRA Director; Three more schools to open; Further colonist aid sought for beet harvest; Reasons given for periodic lack of hot water; Father Kimmett to officiate at mass; Seventh Day Adventists meet Saturday; Oklahoma woman visits sick parents; Two boy scout meetings scheduled Friday; Reveal schedule for harmonica band, classes; Checks to be cashed Friday 21-26; Chief Fire Supervisor inspects project; Warning on water status issued; School starts for 205 Center youngsters; 2600 18-64 men notify change of address; Aliens asked to report change of address; Two fires reported in M.P. area; 25 firefighters needed immediately; Four more Nisei leave for college; Post office reports $30,242 worth of business; Issue permits for use of hot plates; 300 hear Rhodes at cera See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_0655","extent":"6 pages; 10.5 x 8 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-653","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"United States. 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Due to technical difficulties during the taping of this interview, the interviewer's voice is considerably louder than the narrator's. This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.","extent":"00:07:15","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-278-16","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":481,"namepart":"Harry K. Yoshikawa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"April 14, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Harry K. 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Following the war, became a mechanic in the motorpool for the Seattle Fire Department. Instrumental in establishing community service organizations such as Issei Concerns and Keiro nursing home in Seattle."},{"id":"393","model":"narrator","index":"8 308/{'value': 389, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/393/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/393/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hgrace.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hgrace.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/393/interviews/"},"display_name":"Grace Sugita Hawley","bio":"Sansei female. Born September 28, 1931, in Honolulu, Hawaii. Grew up in Honolulu, where parents owned and operated a bakery. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, father was picked up by the FBI and taken to the Sand Island internment camp, Hawaii. Family was removed to the mainland in order to reunite with father, and was taken to Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. 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After father rejoined the family, they returned to Los Angeles' Little Tokyo neighborhood. After graduating from college, got involved in several Japanese American community organizations. In the 1960s, took a newly created position, National Youth Director, with the Japanese American Citizens League."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-98","model":"entity","index":"10 310/{'value': 389, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-98/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-98/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-98-mezzanine-ed70c31de5-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-98-mezzanine-ed70c31de5-a.jpg"},"title":"Maps of incarceration camps in the western United States","description":"Series of maps including incarceration camps in the western United States, temporary assembly centers in California, Manzanar camp in California, Gila River camp in Arizona, Topaz camp in Utah, Heart Mountain camp in Wyoming, Poston camp in Arizona, Amache camp in Colorado, Tule Lake camp in California, Rohwer camp in Arkansas, Minidoka camp in Idaho, and Jerome camp in Arkansas. 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Instrumental in establishing community service organizations such as Issei Concerns and Keiro nursing home in Seattle.","extent":"01:37:34","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-240","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":387,"namepart":"Toshikazu \"Tosh\" Okamoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0064t36","namepart":"Tokunaga, Toshio"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"May 21, 2009","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Toshikazu \"Tosh\" Okamoto narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Tokunaga, Toshio 88922nr0064t36","download_large":"denshovh-otoshikazu-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-248","model":"entity","index":"12 312/{'value': 389, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-248/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-248/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-otoshikazu-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-otoshikazu-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Toshikazu \"Tosh\" Okamoto II","description":"Nisei male. 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Instrumental in establishing community service organizations such as Issei Concerns and Keiro nursing home in Seattle.","extent":"01:55:59","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-248","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":387,"namepart":"Toshikazu \"Tosh\" Okamoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0064t36","namepart":"Tokunaga, Toshio"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"June 11, 2009","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Toshikazu \"Tosh\" Okamoto narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Tokunaga, Toshio 88922nr0064t36","download_large":"denshovh-otoshikazu-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-246","model":"entity","index":"13 313/{'value': 389, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-246/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-246/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hgrace-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hgrace-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Grace Sugita Hawley Interview","description":"Sansei female. Born September 28, 1931, in Honolulu, Hawaii. Grew up in Honolulu, where parents owned and operated a bakery. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, father was picked up by the FBI and taken to the Sand Island internment camp, Hawaii. Family was removed to the mainland in order to reunite with father, and was taken to Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. After Jerome closed, transferred to Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming, before settling in St. Paul, Minnesota. Also lived in Chicago, Illinois, before eventually returning permanently to Honolulu.","extent":"01:48:51","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-246","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":393,"namepart":"Grace Sugita Hawley"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Megan Asaka"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0116h8m","namepart":"Sugita, Grace Yasuko"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Honolulu, Hawaii","creation":"June 3, 2009","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Grace Sugita Hawley narrator \nMegan Asaka interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Sugita, Grace Yasuko 88922nr0116h8m","download_large":"denshovh-hgrace-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-464","model":"entity","index":"14 314/{'value': 389, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-464/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-464/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-464-1-mezzanine-8a14fd0588-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-464-1-mezzanine-8a14fd0588-a.jpg"},"title":"Alan Kumamoto Interview","description":"Sansei male. Born January 21, 1940, in Los Angeles, California. While very young, removed with family to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. Father joined the Military Intelligence Service out of camp, and Alan and his mother resettled in Chicago, Illinois. After father rejoined the family, they returned to Los Angeles' Little Tokyo neighborhood. After graduating from college, got involved in several Japanese American community organizations. In the 1960s, took a newly created position, National Youth Director, with the Japanese American Citizens League.","extent":"2:27:31","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-464","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":911,"namepart":"Alan Kumamoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Brian Niiya"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr008xc7w","namepart":"Kumamoto, Alan"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"February 7, 2019","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Alan Kumamoto narrator \nBrian Niiya interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Kumamoto, Alan 88922nr008xc7w","download_large":"ddr-densho-1000-464-1-mezzanine-8a14fd0588-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-877","model":"entity","index":"15 315/{'value': 389, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-877/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-877/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-877-mezzanine-d30227a518-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-877-mezzanine-d30227a518-a.jpg"},"title":"Draft of petition to the President of the United States of America from American citizens of Japanese ancestry at Heart Mountain Relocation Center, Wyoming","description":"Draft petition letter to the President of the United States regarding clarification of the citizenship status of United States citizens of Japanese ancestry incarcerated at Heart Mountain. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_0879","extent":"3 pages; 11 x 8.5 inches, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-877","topics":[{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil liberties","id":"233"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Law and legislation","id":"340"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Cody, Wyoming","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"2/18/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-55-877-mezzanine-d30227a518-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-644","model":"entity","index":"16 316/{'value': 389, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-644/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-644/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-644-mezzanine-4b6cd5c51a-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-644-mezzanine-4b6cd5c51a-a.jpg"},"title":"General information bulletin (Cody, Wyo.), series 9 (September 11, 1942)","description":"General information bulletin, series 9, published at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp, Wyoming on September 11, 1942. Bulletin including news, events, and topics related to Heart Mountain incarceration camp. Includes: WRA statement released; Temporary court system planned; No favoritism at mess halls; Line-up of talent under way; Armband return requested; Pomona paychecks still issued; Scout movement to be continued; Flower arrangement classes announced; No date set for opening of schools; Forms available for college students; Colonists sought as teachers; Center population nears 10,000 mark; Welfare Committee studies clothing need; Third meeting of dramatic group set; Schedule of religious services; Division Recreation Heads chosen; Sewing class starts Monday; Store orders now available; and Softball diamonds ready. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_0646","extent":"4 pages; 12 x 8 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-644","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"United States. War Relocation Authority"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications","id":"74"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Cody, Wyoming","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"9/11/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"United States. War Relocation Authority author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-55-644-mezzanine-4b6cd5c51a-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-655","model":"entity","index":"17 317/{'value': 389, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-655/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-655/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-655-mezzanine-e303de4060-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-655-mezzanine-e303de4060-a.jpg"},"title":"General information bulletin (Cody, Wyo.), series 22 (October 6, 1942)","description":"General information bulletin, series 22, published at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp, Wyoming on October 6, 1942. Bulletin including news, events, and topics related to Heart Mountain incarceration camp. Includes: High School Opens for 1251 colonists; 2-day faculty conference starts Thursday; New regulation on leave permits; Ghostly intruder terrorizes colonists; Catholic service Wednesday; Appendectomy performed; First baby girl born here; Return of notebooks asked; Colonists to get legal assistance; Information clerk takes telegrams; Community store's sales average revealed; Business found favorable; Restriction of hot plates necessary; Fire prevention week observed; Firemen prepare for cold weather; Cold weather predicted; Drum and bugle lessons offered; Many people view exhibit; and Recreation activities and announcements. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_0657","extent":"6 pages; 10.5 x 8 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-655","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"United States. War Relocation Authority"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications","id":"74"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Cody, Wyoming","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"10/6/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"United States. War Relocation Authority author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-55-655-mezzanine-e303de4060-a.jpg"},{"id":"163","model":"narrator","index":"18 318/{'value': 389, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/163/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/163/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kben.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kben.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/163/interviews/"},"display_name":"Ben Kuroki","bio":"Nisei male. Born May 16, 1917, in Hershey, Nebraska. Admitted to the Army Air Corps and flew thirty missions in Europe in a B-24 as a tailgunner and top turret gunner. Earned two Distinguished Flying Crosses and was acclaimed as the first Nisei war hero. Spoke at Heart Mountain, Wyoming, and two other camps in order to help encourage draft recruitment. Subpoenaed as a witness in the conspiracy trial of Heart Mountain's Fair Play Committee leaders. Later became the only Nisei to service in active combat with the Air Corps in the Pacific Theater, and flew twenty-eight additional missions over Japan. After World War II, became the first Japanese American editor of a general newspaper in Nebraska, and later edited newspapers in suburban Michigan and Southern California."},{"id":"320","model":"narrator","index":"19 319/{'value': 389, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/320/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/320/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mnorman.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mnorman.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/320/interviews/"},"display_name":"Norman Mineta","bio":"Nisei male. Born November 12, 1931, in San Jose, California. During World War II, removed to Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. Graduated from the University of California at Berkeley, and served in the military as an intelligence officer in Japan and Korea. Served on the San Jose City Council from 1967 to 1971, and as mayor of San Jose from 1967 to 1971. Served as U.S. Congressman from 1975 to 1995. While in Congress, was integral in the passage of H.R. 442, the Civil Liberties Act of 1988. Served as Secretary of Transportation from 2001 to 2006."},{"id":"453","model":"narrator","index":"20 320/{'value': 389, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/453/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/453/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/smarjorie.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/smarjorie.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/453/interviews/"},"display_name":"Marjorie Matsushita Sperling","bio":"Nisei female. Born July 27, 1922, in Wapato, Washington. Grew up in Wapato, where family ran a farm. Was attending the University of Washington when the war broke out on December 7, 1941. Removed with family to the Portland Assembly Center, Oregon, and the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. While in camp, worked for the recreation department. Left camp and attended college in St. Paul, Minnesota. After the war, became very active in the field of recreation, as well as with community and educational groups. Involved in efforts to preserve the sites of the wartime incarceration camps."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-647","model":"entity","index":"21 321/{'value': 389, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-647/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-647/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-647-mezzanine-e493ebb256-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-647-mezzanine-e493ebb256-a.jpg"},"title":"General information bulletin (Cody, Wyo.), series 13 (September 19, 1942)","description":"General information bulletin, series 13, published at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp, Wyoming on September 19, 1942. Bulletin including news, events, and topics related to Heart Mountain incarceration camp. Includes: Army provides food on ration basis; Installation of stoves to be completed soon; Break in water line repaired; Ask surrender of expired work leave permits; Nisei colonists may cast absentee ballots; Burned down laundry room to be rebuilt; Appreciation voice by Police Department; Dental clinic now open at 1-26; Maritime workers here being contacted; Dry goods store may open next week; 10 J.A.C.L. officials arrive today; Court reporters sought; Student secretary visits project; Administrative staff to view Japanese program; Permits required for use of halls, fields; Schedule of religious services; and Week day activities. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_0649","extent":"4 pages; 12.5 x 8 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-647","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"United States. War Relocation Authority"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications","id":"74"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Cody, Wyoming","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"9/19/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"United States. War Relocation Authority author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-55-647-mezzanine-e493ebb256-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-659","model":"entity","index":"22 322/{'value': 389, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-659/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-659/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-659-mezzanine-0a98c951da-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-659-mezzanine-0a98c951da-a.jpg"},"title":"General information bulletin (Cody, Wyo.), series 27 (October 17, 1942)","description":"General information bulletin, series 27, published at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp, Wyoming on October 17, 1942. Bulletin including news, events, and topics related to Heart Mountain incarceration camp. Includes: City planning boar formed; Church services in permanent locale; Religious activities; Week-day activities; Civilians, soldiers visitors here; Issue mackinaw jackets to workers; Payment of sales tax explained; Many September work orders unassigned; Fire fighting crews put on 24 hour duty; Second case to be tried Monday; Ex-Northwestern instructor to head night school; C.E. employees asked to attend co-op meetings; Voters urged to send for absentee ballots; Eight more given short term leaves; Boy scouts pledged full support by Osam; Changes made in Saturday and Sunday sport events; and Recreation activities, meetings, announcements. Also includes \"Application for absentee voter's ballot.\" See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_0661","extent":"7 pages; 10.5 x 8 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-659","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"United States. War Relocation Authority"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications","id":"74"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Cody, Wyoming","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"10/17/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"United States. War Relocation Authority author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-55-659-mezzanine-0a98c951da-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-205","model":"entity","index":"23 323/{'value': 389, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-205/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-205/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-205-mezzanine-979a19e945-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-205-mezzanine-979a19e945-a.jpg"},"title":"Postcard from Fred F. Fujii to Mr. and Mrs. Okine, July 18, 1947 [in Japanese]","description":"A postcard from Fred F. Fujii, a former incarceree in the Heart Mountain incarceration camp, Wyoming, to Seiichi and Tomeyo Okine. Fred informs that Masao Okazaki has returned from Seabrook Farms, New Jersey on June 29, 1947. Okazaki was probably incarcerated in the Jerome incarceration camp, Arkansas first and later transferred to the Tule Lake incarceration camp. The arrival date of the postcard, July 22 [1947?], is recorded. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: oki_02_44_001","extent":"5.5 x 3.25 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-205","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Fujii, Fred F."}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- Los Angeles","id":"272"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- New Jersey -- Seabrook","id":"281"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Los Angeles, California","facility":[{"term":"Jerome","id":"6"},{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"},{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"7/18/1947","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Fujii, Fred F. author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-205-mezzanine-979a19e945-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1011-6","model":"entity","index":"24 324/{'value': 389, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1011-6/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1011-6/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1011/denshovh-skazuo-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1011/denshovh-skazuo-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Kazuo Shiroyama Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born 1930 in Monterey, California. Grew up in the Wilmington neighborhood of Los Angeles, where father was a fisherman. During World War II, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. Returned to Los Angeles after the war.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"00:37:01","links_children":"ddr-densho-1011-6","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":802,"namepart":"Kazuo Shiroyama"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Raechel Donahue"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr011632m","namepart":"Shiroyama, Kazuo"}],"contributor":"Raechel Donahue and Garrett Lindemann Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","creation":"2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kazuo Shiroyama narrator \nRaechel Donahue interviewer Shiroyama, Kazuo 88922nr011632m","download_large":"denshovh-skazuo-01-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Heart Mountain, Wyoming","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}