{"total":1960,"limit":25,"offset":1675,"prev_offset":1650,"next_offset":1700,"page_size":25,"this_page":68,"num_this_page":25,"prev_api":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/search/?fulltext=Hawaii;&limit=25&offset=1650","next_api":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/search/?fulltext=Hawaii;&limit=25&offset=1700","objects":[{"id":"ddr-pc-26-8","model":"entity","index":"0 1675/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-26-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-26-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-26/ddr-pc-26-8-mezzanine-a359b59152-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-26/ddr-pc-26-8-mezzanine-a359b59152-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 38 No. 8 (February 19, 1954)","description":"Selected article titles: \"President Signs Bill Extending Time for Vested Claims Filing\" (p. 1), \"JACL ready to present testimony in support of FEPC legislation again\" (p. 1), \"JACL-ADC in process of dissolution; final report to be released soon\" (p. 1), \"Nisei sentenced to 50 days for robbing $4\" (p. 1), \"Four Japanese take naturalization oaths in first TV'd rites\" (p. 2), \"Unemployment problem stirs Hawaii, train young for jobs outside islands\" (p. 3).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-26-8","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"February 19, 1954","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-26-8-mezzanine-a359b59152-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-26-2","model":"entity","index":"1 1676/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-26-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-26-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-26/ddr-pc-26-2-mezzanine-6e0315c0e2-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-26/ddr-pc-26-2-mezzanine-6e0315c0e2-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 38 No. 2 (January 8, 1954)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Hawaii statehood leads CL 10-pt. program\" (p. 1), \"Refugee Relief Act forms available soon, citizens wanting to bring Japanese must fill\" (p. 1), \"Pioneer rice grower of Texas revisists Japan, hopes we don't stumble in future dealings\" (p. 2), \"Masaoka recalls days when only 5 Nisei were in U.S. civil service before war\" (p. 4), \"TV-caster assures won't use 'Jap'\" (p. 6), \"Nisei parents: the fuddy-duddy\" (p. 8).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-26-2","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"January 8, 1954","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-26-2-mezzanine-6e0315c0e2-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-31-47","model":"entity","index":"2 1677/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-31-47/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-31-47/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-31/ddr-pc-31-47-mezzanine-271471fe15-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-31/ddr-pc-31-47-mezzanine-271471fe15-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 49, No. 21 (November 20, 1959)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Civil Rights Commission plans hearings in California discrimination against Nisei\" (p. 1), \"Rep. Inouye raps census work hiring\" (p. 1), \"Charges by Japan farm workers held as needless insult\" (p. 1), \"Husband-wife relationship in Japan being changed by young couples, professor says\" (p. 3), \"Lollipop dries more tears of a frightened tot than facial tissue, says child worker\" (p. 7), \"Hawaii population combined with U.S. in census figures\" (p. 8).","extent":"11W x 17H","links_children":"ddr-pc-31-47","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Okura, Pat"},{"namepart":"Inagaki, George"},{"namepart":"Kunitsugu, Kango"},{"namepart":"Inouye, Daniel"},{"namepart":"Yoshimura, Akiji"},{"namepart":"Honda, Harry K."},{"namepart":"Takata, Fred"},{"namepart":"Matsumoto, Bill"},{"namepart":"Enomoto, Jerry"},{"namepart":"Saito, Issei"},{"namepart":"Suzukida, Berry"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Imoto, John"},{"namepart":"Higaki, Frances"},{"namepart":"Akagi, Richard"},{"namepart":"Kawano, Max"},{"namepart":"Itozaku, Warren"},{"namepart":"Murai, Motoi"},{"namepart":"Misono, Kumi"},{"namepart":"Yoshimoto, Diane"},{"namepart":"Shimada, Fuzzy"},{"namepart":"Sato, Joe"},{"namepart":"Ogawa, Elmer"},{"namepart":"Ishizaki, Esther"},{"namepart":"Murayama, Tamotsu"},{"namepart":"Iki, Frances"},{"namepart":"Komuro Harry"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"November 20, 1959","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League publisher Okura, Pat \nInagaki, George \nKunitsugu, Kango \nInouye, Daniel \nYoshimura, Akiji \nHonda, Harry K. \nTakata, Fred \nMatsumoto, Bill \nEnomoto, Jerry \nSaito, Issei \nSuzukida, Berry \nHosokawa, Bill \nImoto, John \nHigaki, Frances \nAkagi, Richard \nKawano, Max \nItozaku, Warren \nMurai, Motoi \nMisono, Kumi \nYoshimoto, Diane \nShimada, Fuzzy \nSato, Joe \nOgawa, Elmer \nIshizaki, Esther \nMurayama, Tamotsu \nIki, Frances \nKomuro Harry","download_large":"ddr-pc-31-47-mezzanine-271471fe15-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-37-13","model":"entity","index":"3 1678/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-13/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-37-13/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-37/ddr-pc-37-13-mezzanine-7b102908ee-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-37/ddr-pc-37-13-mezzanine-7b102908ee-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 60, No. 13 (March 26, 1965)","description":"Selected article titles: \"How Best Can JACL Meet Challenge of Voting Rights Fight\" (p.1), \"Century-Old Hawaiian Law Requiring 'Christian' Name Brought to Light in Sen. Abe's Bill Asking for Elimination of Same\" (p.1), \"Clarence Pickett Dead, Stood Up for Nisei in WW2\" (p.1, 6), \"History Project: Evacuation Camp Paintings Donated\" (p.3), \"JACLer Marches in Alabama\" (p.5), \"Organizations in Hawaii Should Eliminate Racial Designations, Says Noted Financier\" (p.6).","extent":"17.25W x 22H","links_children":"ddr-pc-37-13","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil liberties","id":"233"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Reflections on the past","id":"118"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Arts and literature","id":"172"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"March 26, 1965","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-37-13-mezzanine-7b102908ee-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-61-21","model":"entity","index":"4 1679/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-61-21/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-61-21/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-61/ddr-pc-61-21-mezzanine-6a69768b79-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-61/ddr-pc-61-21-mezzanine-6a69768b79-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 108, No. 21 (June 2, 1989)","description":"Selected article titles: \"House Strips $250 Million Set for Redress from Emergency Bill\" (p. 1), \"Three-Year Battle Won: UCLA Grants Don Nakanishi Tenure\" (pp. 1-2), \"Entire Hawaii State House Legislators Urge Pres. Bush for Full Redress Payment\" (p. 2), \"JACL Resolution on Civil and Human Rights in Japan Seen Filled with Misunderstanding\" (p. 5), and \"Assembly Concurrent Resoultion [sic] 37: Finally...The Truth About the WWII Japanese American Internment Experience\" (p. 5).","extent":"11W x 16.75H","links_children":"ddr-pc-61-21","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Education -- Higher education","id":"34"},{"term":"Japan -- Government and politics","id":"376"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"Redress and reparations","id":"110"},{"term":"Reflections on the past","id":"118"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Nakanishi, Don T."}],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"June 2, 1989","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League publisher Nakanishi, Don T.","download_large":"ddr-pc-61-21-mezzanine-6a69768b79-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-299-235","model":"entity","index":"5 1680/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-299-235/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-299-235/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-299/ddr-densho-299-235-mezzanine-00a0542249-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-299/ddr-densho-299-235-mezzanine-00a0542249-a.jpg"},"title":"Ted Akimoto's farewell","description":"Caption: \"My men surprised me with an impromptu 'farewell' at the airbase as I boarded an air evacuation flight / back to the states. It took 42 hours with refueling stops at Guam, Johnston Island, and / Hawaii to reach San Francisco. Then it was on to Fitsimon's Hospital, Denver, Colorado. / President Truman visited the hospital where I was able to take pictures of him as he did not have / the phalanx of security men surrounding him.\"","extent":"7W x 8.75H","links_children":"ddr-densho-299-235","topics":[{"term":"Military service -- Postwar occupation of Japan","id":"199"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Akimoto, Theodore"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"photograph","location":"Japan","creation":"c.1947-1948","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Akimoto, Theodore","download_large":"ddr-densho-299-235-mezzanine-00a0542249-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-janm-17-29","model":"entity","index":"6 1681/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-janm-17-29/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-janm-17-29/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-janm-17/ddr-janm-17-29-mezzanine-bcb0685398-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-janm-17/ddr-janm-17-29-mezzanine-bcb0685398-a.jpg"},"title":"George Nakamura sitting on grass","description":"1 photographic print: b&w; George Nakamura sitting on grass in U.S. combat uniform, holding a canister, his helmet in front of him. \\n\\nWritten on verso in black ink, \"TAKEN EITHER SCHOFIELD OR MISSISIPI STATE\", written from left to right vertically, \"GEORGE NAKAMURA, PRVT. SR. NO, 30100526 Co\". F, JUNE 1, 1918 / OCT 27, 1949 / BORN IN OLAA, HAWAII, P.O. BOX 96 / 9 MILES / MORE THAN LIKELY TAKEN AT CAMP MCCOY, WISCONSIN, DURING TRAINING\".","extent":"unknown","links_children":"ddr-janm-17-29","format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Japanese American National Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"photograph","creation":"1940-1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-janm-17-29-mezzanine-bcb0685398-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1007-1872","model":"entity","index":"7 1682/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1007-1872/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1007-1872/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1007/ddr-densho-1007-1872-mezzanine-73627c84a2-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1007/ddr-densho-1007-1872-mezzanine-73627c84a2-a.jpg"},"title":"Leighton \"Goro\" Sumida Interview Transcript","description":"Eric Saul interview with Leighton \"Goro\" Sumida in Honolulu, Hawaii on November 18, 1980: Tape 1, Side B. In this interview Sumida describes his experiences in the 100th Infantry Battalion as well as his family's wartime experience including his aunt's incarceration at Rohwer incarceration camp. This transcript is a continuation of object ddr-densho-1007-1871 as indicated by the page numbers. Content warning: use of strong language and descriptions of death in combat.","extent":"8.5W x 11H","links_children":"ddr-densho-1007-1872","creators":[{"role":"Interviewee","namepart":"Sumida, Leighton \"Goro\""},{"role":"Interviewer","namepart":"Saul, Eric"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- 100th Infantry Battalion","id":"421"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Family","id":"46"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"transcription","facility":[{"term":"Rohwer","id":"9"}],"creation":"November 18, 1980","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sumida, Leighton \"Goro\" Interviewee \nSaul, Eric Interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1007-1872-mezzanine-73627c84a2-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-474-54","model":"entity","index":"8 1683/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-474-54/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-474-54/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-474/ddr-densho-474-54-mezzanine-4202ca12e5-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-474/ddr-densho-474-54-mezzanine-4202ca12e5-a.jpg"},"title":"The New Japanese American News 1949 Yearbook","description":"Postwar directory of Japanese Americans living across the United States published by Shin Nichibei (Los Angeles Japanese newspaper). Names and community organizations are listed alphabetically by geographic region (states listed generally from west to east followed by Alaska, Hawaii, Canada, Caribbean Islands, Puerto Rico, Mexico, and South America). Includes 220-page photographic advertising section for Japanese-owned businesses across the West with additional advertisements throughout the volume. Bilingual in Japanese and English.","extent":"6W x 8.5H; 2.25D","links_children":"ddr-densho-474-54","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Shin Nichibei"}],"topics":[{"term":"Industry and employment","id":"5"},{"term":"Journalism and media","id":"387"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications","id":"26"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Advertising and marketing","id":"388"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- Los Angeles","id":"272"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- San Fernando Valley","id":"488"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- San Diego","id":"487"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- Fresno","id":"482"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- Los Angeles","id":"272"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations","id":"16"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- Oakland","id":"485"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- San Jose","id":"274"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- Sacramento","id":"486"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Oregon","id":"284"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Oregon -- Portland","id":"289"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Oregon -- Hood River","id":"286"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Oregon -- Gresham/Troutdale","id":"285"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Bellevue","id":"292"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- White River Valley","id":"295"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Tacoma","id":"294"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington","id":"290"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Nevada","id":"501"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Arizona","id":"480"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Utah","id":"506"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Idaho","id":"491"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Montanta","id":"498"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Wyoming","id":"508"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Colorado -- Denver","id":"276"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Colorado","id":"275"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- New Mexico","id":"502"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Nebraska","id":"499"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Nebraska -- Lincoln","id":"500"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Arkansas","id":"481"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Missouri","id":"496"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Minnesota","id":"494"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Minnesota -- Minneapolis","id":"495"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Illinois -- Chicago","id":"279"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Illinois","id":"278"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Michigan","id":"493"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Maryland","id":"492"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington D.C.","id":"507"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Pennsylvania","id":"503"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- New Jersey -- Seabrook","id":"281"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- New Jersey","id":"280"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- New York -- New York","id":"283"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- New York","id":"282"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Alaska","id":"479"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Hawai'i","id":"277"},{"term":"Japanese Canadians","id":"200"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Peru -- Lima","id":"505"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Peru","id":"504"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"c. 1949","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Shin Nichibei publisher","download_large":"ddr-densho-474-54-mezzanine-4202ca12e5-a.jpg"},{"id":"636","model":"narrator","index":"9 1684/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/636/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/636/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kelsa.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kelsa.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/636/interviews/"},"display_name":"Elsa Kudo","bio":"Sansei female. Born September 29, 1936, in Canete, Peru. Grew up in Peru where parents ran a successful store. During World War II, father was arrested by the FBI and removed from the family. Elsa and her mother and siblings were deported from Peru and taken by ship to the Crystal City internment camp, Texas, and reunited with her father. After leaving camp, the family worked at Seabrook Farms, New Jersey, and then moved to Chicago, Illinois. Elsa eventually resettled in Hawaii."},{"id":"ddr-densho-56-56","model":"entity","index":"10 1685/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-56/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-56-56/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-56-mezzanine-cfcb408039-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-56-mezzanine-cfcb408039-a.jpg"},"title":"Canneries Shanghai 200 Japs! Steal Japanese Coolies From Railway. Cannery Bosses at Tacoma Make Away With Nearly Half a Shipment of Four Hundred Men From Hawaii. (July 29, 1905)","description":"The Seattle Daily Times, July 29, 1905, pp. 1, 2","extent":"Unknown","links_children":"ddr-densho-56-56","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Seattle Times Company"}],"topics":[{"term":"Industry and employment -- Fishing and canneries","id":"10"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"nocc","genre":"periodical","location":"Washington State","creation":"July 29, 1905","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Seattle Times Company publisher","download_large":"ddr-densho-56-56-mezzanine-cfcb408039-a.jpg"},{"id":"549","model":"narrator","index":"11 1686/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/549/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/549/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mhelene.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mhelene.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/549/interviews/"},"display_name":"Helene J. Minehira","bio":"Nisei female. Born April 30, 1925, in Waipahu, Hawaii. Just before World War II, moved with family to the Ewa Beach area of Oahu, near Pearl Harbor. Witnessed the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Because of proximity to the harbor, family was forced to evacuate their home in Ewa Beach and had to live temporarily in a Japanese language school before moving to another home. Years later, worked to obtain redress for Japanese Hawaiians who lost their homes during the war."},{"id":"832","model":"narrator","index":"12 1687/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/832/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/832/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mspark.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mspark.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/832/interviews/"},"display_name":"Spark M. Matsunaga","bio":"Nisei male. Born October 9, 1916, in Kukui'ula, Kauai'i, Hawaii. During World War II, served as an original member of the 100th Infantry Battalion, later the 1st Battalion of the 442nd Regimental Combat team, and also with the Military Intelligence Service. In 1954, was elected to the Hawai'i Territorial Legislature. He was later elected to Congress, where he served six terms, then was elected to the Senate in 1976. Spark Matsunaga also helped in the passage of the redress bill into law on August 19, 1988."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-24-107","model":"entity","index":"13 1688/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-24-107/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-24-107/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-24/ddr-csujad-24-107-mezzanine-db6573e067-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-24/ddr-csujad-24-107-mezzanine-db6573e067-a.jpg"},"title":"Headquarters of Hawaiian Department","description":"Written by . What appears to be an official document, addressed to the adjutant general of the War Department by O. H. McDole, Lt. Col., Assistant Adjutant General, about deporting people in Hawaii of Japanese descent to Japan. The document mentions Kenzi Kimura, Torataro Onoda, Ryoichi Tanaka. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/12769\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">chi_08_009</a>","extent":"1 page, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-24-107","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"McDole, O. H."}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Hawai'i","id":"277"},{"term":"World War II -- Administration","id":"401"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Department of Special Research Collections, UC Santa Barbara Library","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","creation":"6/12/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"McDole, O. H. author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-24-107-mezzanine-db6573e067-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-150-14","model":"entity","index":"14 1689/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-150-14/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-150-14/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-150/ddr-densho-150-14-mezzanine-db91b2add2-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-150/ddr-densho-150-14-mezzanine-db91b2add2-a.jpg"},"title":"Colorado Times Vol. 31, No. 4301 (April 24, 1945)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Interracial Tolerance Aided by Bataan Hero and Two Nisei\"; \"The San Francisco Chronicle: What is America Like?\"; \"Army Officials Investigate Fire\"; \"The Anti-Nisei Dynamite Case. Alien Land Act Issue Injected in Arson Trial\"; \"Probe Goes On in Alien Ownership of Placer Land\"; \"Commander of Legion Post Quits Over Nisei Vet Issue\"; \"Kings County Will Give Aid to Indigents\"; \"Oldest Language School in Hawaii Officially Dissolved\"; \"Evacuees on Way to Home in Utah.\"","extent":"1528W x 2128H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-150-14","format":"doc","language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","creation":"April 24, 1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-150-14-mezzanine-db91b2add2-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-67-45","model":"entity","index":"15 1690/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-67-45/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-67-45/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-67/ddr-densho-67-45-mezzanine-5820920f00-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-67/ddr-densho-67-45-mezzanine-5820920f00-a.jpg"},"title":"Memo from Delos Emmons to John J. McCloy","description":"Memorandum from Delos Emmons, Lieutenant General, U.S. Army, to John J. McCloy, Assistant Secretary of War, regarding a previous report on the Japanese in Hawaii.  In this memo, Emmons refutes much of the information in the report. He dispels many of the rumors about the Hawaiian Japanese and admonishes the author of the report for being \"violently anti-Japanese\" and misinformed about government activities. Emmons urges McCloy to discount the report and continue with his previous course of action.","extent":"2373W x 3042H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-67-45","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Emmons, Delos"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath -- Decision to incarcerate","id":"203"},{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath -- \"War hysteria\"","id":"187"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Hawai'i","id":"277"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Emmons, Delos"},{"namepart":"McCloy, John J."}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"misc_document","creation":"April 29, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Emmons, Delos author Emmons, Delos \nMcCloy, John J.","download_large":"ddr-densho-67-45-mezzanine-5820920f00-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-njpa-5-54","model":"entity","index":"16 1691/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-njpa-5-54/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-njpa-5-54/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-njpa-5/ddr-njpa-5-54-mezzanine-7a3f73a00e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-njpa-5/ddr-njpa-5-54-mezzanine-7a3f73a00e-a.jpg"},"title":"Funeral service for Pfc. Jack Arakawa","description":"Caption on reverse: \"Italian war brides attend GI's funeral: Memorial services were held Sunday at 2 p.m. at the McCully Higashi Hongwanji for Pfc. Jack C. Arakawa, 29, a veteran of the 442nd combat team, who was killed in action near Taejon, Korea, on July 16. Pictured above is the widow, Mrs. Lia Arakawa (second from left) and four of her friends, who like herself, are war brides from Italy.--(Hawaii Times photo by George Miyachi)","extent":"7W x 4.75H","links_children":"ddr-njpa-5-54","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Nippu Jiji"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Arakawa, Lia"}],"contributor":"Hawai'i Times Photo Archives Foundation","rights":"pcc","genre":"photograph","creation":"7/31/1950","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Nippu Jiji publisher Arakawa, Lia","download_large":"ddr-njpa-5-54-mezzanine-7a3f73a00e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-18-7","model":"entity","index":"17 1692/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-18-7/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-18-7/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-18/ddr-pc-18-7-mezzanine-2a14c940e8-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-18/ddr-pc-18-7-mezzanine-2a14c940e8-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 22 No. 7 (February 16, 1946)","description":"Selected article titles: \"President Truman Pays High Tribute to Nisei Soldiers\" (p. 1), \"Barbed Refuses Nisei GI, Army Captain Apologizes\" (p. 1), \"Men of 442nd in Hawaii Form Veterans Group\" (p. 1), \"JACL to Hold National Meet in Denver to Discuss Post-War Problems of Nisei\" (p. 1), \"Eight Thousand Repatriated Through Port of Seattle\" (p. 1), \"Canadian High Court Hears Arguments on Deportation\" (p. 2), \"Tule Lake Ends First Phase of Relocation Plan\" (p. 3).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-18-7","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"February 16, 1946","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-18-7-mezzanine-2a14c940e8-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-19-38","model":"entity","index":"18 1693/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-19-38/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-19-38/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-19/ddr-pc-19-38-mezzanine-95c5075e8e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-19/ddr-pc-19-38-mezzanine-95c5075e8e-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 25 No. 11 (September 20, 1947)","description":"Selected article titles: \"U.S., France to Honor 442nd Combat Team. National JACL Will Present Plaque to Bruyeres Recalling Rescue of 'Lost Battalion'\" (p. 1), \"Supreme Court Test Looms in Constitutional Validity of California Alien Land Law\" (p. 1), \"Tax Certificates No Longer Required of Japanese Aliens For Hawaii, Mainland Travel\" (p. 2), \"JACL-ADC May Participate In Forthcoming High Court Restrictive Covenant Case\" (p. 3), \"Visits to Japan Still Barred Except in Special Cases\" (p. 8).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-19-38","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"September 20, 1947","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-19-38-mezzanine-95c5075e8e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-21-3","model":"entity","index":"19 1694/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-21-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-21-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-21/ddr-pc-21-3-mezzanine-8c8fc5e4b9-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-21/ddr-pc-21-3-mezzanine-8c8fc5e4b9-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 28 No. 3 (January 22, 1949)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Federal Appeals Court Sets Hearing on Case Affecting 5,000 Tule Lake Renunciants\" (p. 1), \"Reveal Attempt to Destroy Utah Mountain Memorial Ill-Fated Japanese Aviator\" (p. 1), \"Army Order Bars Marriages Between GIs, Japanese Girls\" (p. 1), \"U.S. Supreme Court Considers Validity of Hawaii Wartime Law on Language Schools\" (p. 2), \"Report Problems Affecting Issei Fishermen Resolved; Identity Cards to Be Issued\" (p. 2), \"Questions on Evacuee Claims Answered by Washington ADC\" (p. 5).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-21-3","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"January 22, 1949","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-21-3-mezzanine-8c8fc5e4b9-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-22-19","model":"entity","index":"20 1695/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-22-19/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-22-19/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-22/ddr-pc-22-19-mezzanine-be95573e02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-22/ddr-pc-22-19-mezzanine-be95573e02-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 30 No. 19 (May 13, 1950)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Bowling Congress Drops Ban Against Non-Whites. Great Majority of Delegates at Columbus Convention Favor Opening Membership to All\" (p. 1), \"House Passes Bill Awarding Damages for Death of Youth in War Relocation Center\" (p. 1), \"Masaoka Asks Statehood for Hawaii as Recognition for Wartime Loyalty, Allegiance\" (p. 2), \"Supreme Court May Be Asked To Rule on Alien Land Law\" (p. 2), \"Justice Department Rules Evacuees May Be Paid for Losses from Forced Sales\" (p. 3).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-22-19","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"May 13, 1950","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-22-19-mezzanine-be95573e02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-22-10","model":"entity","index":"21 1696/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-22-10/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-22-10/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-22/ddr-pc-22-10-mezzanine-105a1760c9-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-22/ddr-pc-22-10-mezzanine-105a1760c9-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 30 No. 10 (March 11, 1950)","description":"Selected article titles: \"University of Washington Will Begin Study of Nisei, Issei\" (p. 1), \"Masaoka Brothers Test Case Will Challenge Legality of California Alien Land Law\" (p. 1), \"Wartime Loyalty of Hawaii Nisei Hailed as House Vote Favors Statehood Proposal\" (p. 1), \"Japanese American Evacuees Report Decrease in Racial Bias in Sacramento Valley\" (p. 2), \"JACL Asks Government Open Additional Field Offices for Adjudicating Evacuee Claims\" (p. 3), \"Deadline Near for Damage, Loss Claims on Contraband\" (p. 8).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-22-10","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"March 11, 1950","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-22-10-mezzanine-105a1760c9-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-23-5","model":"entity","index":"22 1697/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-23-5/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-23-5/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-23/ddr-pc-23-5-mezzanine-a44ef28fc6-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-23/ddr-pc-23-5-mezzanine-a44ef28fc6-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 32 No. 5 (February 3, 1951)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Defense Department Assures Full Report on Casualties of Soldiers from Hawaii Area\" (p. 1), \"Min Yasui Visits Nisei Groups in Plains Area\" (p. 1), \"Emergency May Force Denver to Suspend Slum Clearance\" (p. 1), \"JACL ADC Asks Early Action to Speed Approval of Stays of Deportation for Alien Group\" (p. 3), \"Japanese American Growers Hope to Start New Industry by Canning Papaya Fruit\" (p. 3), \"JACL Committee Will Study Recent Ruling on Renunciants\" (p. 8).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-23-5","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"February 3, 1951","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-23-5-mezzanine-a44ef28fc6-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-23-4","model":"entity","index":"23 1698/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-23-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-23-4/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-23/ddr-pc-23-4-mezzanine-d4df76bf64-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-23/ddr-pc-23-4-mezzanine-d4df76bf64-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 32 No. 4 (January 27, 1951)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Consider Job Opportunities On Mainland for Qualified, Unemployed Hawaiian Nisei\" (p. 1), \"Two California Senate Bills Will Restore Lands, Licenses Seized by State During War\" (p. 1), \"34 Defendants Win Acquittal in Contempt Case\" (p. 1), \"Restore Citizenship to Nisei Who Voted in Japan Election\" (p. 2), \"Nisei GI at Occupation Job\" (p. 2), \"Report Chinese Americans in Hawaii Feel Uneasiness Because of War Situation\" (p. 3), \"President Thanks JACL for Message Affirming Loyalty\" (p. 3).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-23-4","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"January 27, 1951","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-23-4-mezzanine-d4df76bf64-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-28-6","model":"entity","index":"24 1699/{'value': 1960, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-28-6/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-28-6/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-28/ddr-pc-28-6-mezzanine-040d5ff3a2-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-28/ddr-pc-28-6-mezzanine-040d5ff3a2-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 42, No. 6 (Febuary 10, 1956)","description":"Selected article titles: \"1st veep Tom Yego dies of heart attack at home\" (p. 1), \"Eisenhower Urges Congress to Increase Immigration to U.S.\" (p. 1), \"JACL disappointed in Eisenhower's immigration plan\" (p. 1), \" \"Interracial marriage case resubmitted to Supreme Court\" (p. 1), \"U.S. judge rules on legality of Japanese courts to try G.I.s\" (p. 2), \"Hawaii land return bill to get personal attention of senators\" (p. 8), \"GI with Japanese bride refused S.F. home rental\" (p. 8).","extent":"11.5W x 17H","links_children":"ddr-pc-28-6","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Politics","id":"235"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Yego, Tom"},{"namepart":"Tani, 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