This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:01:19","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-13-1","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":156,"namepart":"Gloria Kubota"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"August 28, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Gloria Kubota narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-kgloria-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1007-1627","model":"entity","index":"6 256/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1007-1627/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1007-1627/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1007/ddr-densho-1007-1627-mezzanine-2364fed482-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1007/ddr-densho-1007-1627-mezzanine-2364fed482-a.jpg"},"title":"San Francisco Courthouse footage, part 6 of 10; interview with Dale Minami and Karen Kai, part 2 of 5","description":"Sansei lawyers Karen Kai and Dale Minami discuss their family's reluctance to talk about the war, redress legislation, working on the Korematsu case, the coram nobis petition, and the Gordon Hirabayashi and Minoru Yasui cases. Video starts at 0:49. Loni Ding can be heard asking questions behind the camera. Original title: 106, II SF CT #6, 8-9-85. Interview continues at ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1007-1628/","extent":"00:14:54","links_children":"ddr-densho-1007-1627","creators":[{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Ding, Loni"},{"role":"interviewee","namepart":"Minami, Dale"},{"role":"interviewee","namepart":"Kai, Karen"}],"topics":[{"term":"Arts and literature -- Performing arts -- Film -- Documentaries","id":"251"},{"term":"Redress and reparations","id":"110"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Fred Korematsu","id":"157"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Gordon Hirabayashi","id":"97"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Minoru Yasui","id":"158"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Minami, Dale"},{"namepart":"Kai, Karen"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"August 9, 1985","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ding, Loni interviewer \nMinami, Dale interviewee \nKai, Karen interviewee Minami, Dale \nKai, Karen","download_large":"ddr-densho-1007-1627-mezzanine-2364fed482-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-56-822","model":"entity","index":"7 257/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-822/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-56-822/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-822-mezzanine-2f73a7c8d1-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-822-mezzanine-2f73a7c8d1-a.jpg"},"title":"Jap-Evacuation Verdict Waits (July 19, 1942)","description":"The Seattle Daily Times, July 19, 1942, p. 8","extent":"Unknown","links_children":"ddr-densho-56-822","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Seattle Times Company"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Gordon Hirabayashi","id":"97"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon"},{"namepart":"Black, Lloyd L."},{"namepart":"Farquharson, Mary"},{"namepart":"Walters, Frank L."}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"nocc","genre":"periodical","location":"Washington State","creation":"July 19, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Seattle Times Company publisher Hirabayashi, Gordon \nBlack, Lloyd L. \nFarquharson, Mary \nWalters, Frank L.","download_large":"ddr-densho-56-822-mezzanine-2f73a7c8d1-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-56-851","model":"entity","index":"8 258/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-851/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-56-851/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-851-mezzanine-b7d2ec5e5b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-851-mezzanine-b7d2ec5e5b-a.jpg"},"title":"Sentence Too Short, Convicted Jap Tells Court (October 22, 1942)","description":"The Seattle Daily Times, October 22, 1942, p. 38","extent":"Unknown","links_children":"ddr-densho-56-851","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Seattle Times Company"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Gordon Hirabayashi","id":"97"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon"},{"namepart":"Black, Lloyd L."},{"namepart":"Dennis, J. Charles"},{"namepart":"Walters, Frank"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"nocc","genre":"periodical","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"October 22, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Seattle Times Company publisher Hirabayashi, Gordon \nBlack, Lloyd L. \nDennis, J. Charles \nWalters, Frank","download_large":"ddr-densho-56-851-mezzanine-b7d2ec5e5b-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-405-3","model":"entity","index":"9 259/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-405-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-405-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-405/ddr-densho-405-3-mezzanine-3813ffc922-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-405/ddr-densho-405-3-mezzanine-3813ffc922-a.jpg"},"title":"Coram Nobis Exhibit A","description":"Memo from Edward J. Ennis to Charles Fahy regarding United States v. Hirabayashi, Yasui, and Korematsu. This document was Exhibit A in the coram nobis litigation.\r\n\r\nThis document was available in conjunction with \"Race, Rights and Reparation: Law and the Japanese American Internment\" by Eric K. Yamamoto, Margaret Chon, Carol Izumi, Jerry Kang, and Frank Wu.","extent":"Unknown","links_children":"ddr-densho-405-3","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Ennis, Edward J."}],"topics":[{"term":"Redress and reparations -- Legal cases/coram nobis cases","id":"167"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Korematsu, Fred"},{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon"},{"namepart":"Yasui, Min"},{"namepart":"Ennis, Edward J."},{"namepart":"Fahy, Charles"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"correspondence","creation":"April 19, 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ennis, Edward J. author Korematsu, Fred \nHirabayashi, Gordon \nYasui, Min \nEnnis, Edward J. \nFahy, Charles","download_large":"ddr-densho-405-3-mezzanine-3813ffc922-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-147-164","model":"entity","index":"10 260/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-147-164/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-147-164/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-147/ddr-densho-147-164-mezzanine-04c44b8b22-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-147/ddr-densho-147-164-mezzanine-04c44b8b22-a.jpg"},"title":"Granada Pioneer Vol. II No. 51 (April 29, 1944)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Center-wide Inventory Creates Terrific Ordeal\" (p. 1), \"Methods to Streamline WRA Program Discussed\" (p. 1), \"Washington Ruling Bans All Private Center Enterprises\" (p. 1), \"No Apartment Switching After May 15 Ordered\" (p. 1), \"Tule-Bound Center Residents Interviewed\" (p. 3), \"Friend of Japanese Americans Arrives Here for Third Visit\" (p. 4), \"Paper Editorializes Conditions in Japan\" (p. 5), \"Gordon Hirabayashi Defies Racial Form of Draft Board\" (p. 8), \"Ickes Reports Sentiment Against Evacuees Easing\" (p. 8).","extent":"1144W x 1952H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-147-164","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications -- Granada Pioneer","id":"211"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","location":"Granada (Amache) concentration camp, Colorado","facility":[{"term":"Granada (Amache)","id":"4"}],"creation":"April 29, 1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-147-164-mezzanine-04c44b8b22-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-56-1199","model":"entity","index":"11 261/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-1199/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-56-1199/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-1199-mezzanine-d4e28b4d25-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-1199-mezzanine-d4e28b4d25-a.jpg"},"title":"Americans Help Make Homes for Hiroshimans (November 6, 1949)","description":"The Seattle Daily Times, November 6, 1949, p. 13","extent":"Unknown","links_children":"ddr-densho-56-1199","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Seattle Times Company"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki","id":"109"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon"},{"namepart":"Schmoe, Floyd W."},{"namepart":"Andrews, Emery"},{"namepart":"Tibbs, Daisy"},{"namepart":"Jenkins, Ruth"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"nocc","genre":"periodical","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"November 6, 1949","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Seattle Times Company publisher Hirabayashi, Gordon \nSchmoe, Floyd W. \nAndrews, Emery \nTibbs, Daisy \nJenkins, Ruth","download_large":"ddr-densho-56-1199-mezzanine-d4e28b4d25-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1012-18","model":"entity","index":"12 262/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1012-18/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1012-18/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-ysharon-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-ysharon-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Sharon Yuen Interview","description":"Sansei female. Born July 1945 in Seattle, Washington. Daughter of Gordon Hirabayashi.
(This interview is audio-only. It contains raw footage used by Steven Okazaki in his 1985 film Unfinished Business.
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"00:04:16","links_children":"ddr-densho-1012-18","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":722,"namepart":"Sharon Yuen"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Steven Okazaki","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"October 26, 1983","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sharon Yuen narrator","download_large":"denshovh-ysharon-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-56-850","model":"entity","index":"13 263/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-850/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-56-850/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-850-mezzanine-d6474fffe3-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-850-mezzanine-d6474fffe3-a.jpg"},"title":"Curfew Trial of Jap is Started (October 20, 1942)","description":"The Seattle Daily Times, October 20, 1942, p. 16","extent":"Unknown","links_children":"ddr-densho-56-850","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Seattle Times Company"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Gordon Hirabayashi","id":"97"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon"},{"namepart":"Black, Lloyd L."},{"namepart":"Dennis, J. Charles"},{"namepart":"Walters, Frank"},{"namepart":"Seaton, Ralph"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"nocc","genre":"periodical","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"October 20, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Seattle Times Company publisher Hirabayashi, Gordon \nBlack, Lloyd L. \nDennis, J. Charles \nWalters, Frank \nSeaton, Ralph","download_large":"ddr-densho-56-850-mezzanine-d6474fffe3-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1012-18-1","model":"segment","index":"14 264/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1012-18-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1012-18-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-ysharon-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-ysharon-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Sharon Yuen Interview Segment 1","description":"Description of father Gordon Hirabayashi (audio only)
This interview is audio-only. It contains raw footage used by Steven Okazaki in his 1985 film Unfinished Business.
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.","extent":"00:01:31","links_children":"ddr-densho-1012-18-1","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":722,"namepart":"Sharon Yuen"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Steven Okazaki","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"October 26, 1983","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sharon Yuen narrator","download_large":"denshovh-ysharon-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1012-12-5","model":"segment","index":"15 265/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1012-12-5/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1012-12-5/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-hjim_g-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-hjim_g-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Jim Hirabayashi - Rick Shiomi Interview Segment 5","description":"The quirkiness of Gordon Hirabayashi (audio only)
This interview is audio-only. It contains raw footage used by Steven Okazaki in his 1985 film Unfinished Business.
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.","extent":"00:03:41","links_children":"ddr-densho-1012-12-5","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":140,"namepart":"Jim Hirabayashi"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":718,"namepart":"Rick Shiomi"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Steven Okazaki","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"October 27, 1983","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Jim Hirabayashi narrator \nRick Shiomi narrator","download_large":"denshovh-hjim_g-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1002-5","model":"entity","index":"16 266/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1002-5/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1002-5/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-hjim-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-hjim-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Jim Hirabayashi Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born October 30, 1926, in small town of Thomas, Washington, on family farm. Attended school in Auburn, Washington, before being removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Left camp to work in Idaho, and was subsequently joined by family. Postwar, became a social anthropologist, and later became only the second Nisei to teach at San Francisco State University. Instrumental in the struggle to establish the field of Ethnic Studies. Brother of Gordon Hirabayashi, who defied the curfew and removal orders in 1942, and was arrested, convicted, and imprisoned. Gordon Hirabayashi's conviction was vacated in 1986.
(This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"01:33:56","links_children":"ddr-densho-1002-5","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":140,"namepart":"Jim Hirabayashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Chizu Omori"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Emiko Omori"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Emiko Omori and Witt Mons"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr014b913","namepart":"Hirabayashi, Akira James"}],"contributor":"Emiko and Chizuko Omori Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"October 2, 1992","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Jim Hirabayashi narrator \nChizu Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori and Witt Mons videographer Hirabayashi, Akira James 88922nr014b913","download_large":"denshovh-hjim-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-381-24","model":"entity","index":"17 267/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-381-24/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-381-24/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-381/ddr-densho-381-24-mezzanine-c361b12129-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-381/ddr-densho-381-24-mezzanine-c361b12129-a.jpg"},"title":"Relocation problems and policies","description":"An address delivered by War Relocation Authority Director, Dillon S. Myer, to the Tuesday Evening Club. Myer discusses a variety of topics, including the creation of the War Relocation Authority, managing the camps, and plans for relocation.","extent":"8.5W x 11H","links_children":"ddr-densho-381-24","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Myer, Dillon S."}],"topics":[{"term":"Race and racism","id":"36"},{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- War Relocation Authority (WRA)","id":"403"},{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- Registration and the \"loyalty questionnaire\"","id":"85"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Living conditions","id":"67"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- 100th Infantry Battalion","id":"421"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Prisoners of war","id":"445"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Segregation and Tule Lake","id":"86"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Gordon Hirabayashi","id":"97"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp","id":"101"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Myer, Dillon S"},{"namepart":"War Relocation Authority"},{"namepart":"Murphy, Frank"},{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon"},{"namepart":"Endo, Mitsuye"},{"namepart":"Kuroki, Ben"},{"namepart":"Shiramizu, James"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Pasadena, California","facility":[{"term":"Poston (Colorado River)","id":"2"},{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"},{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"03/14/1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Myer, Dillon S. author Myer, Dillon S \nWar Relocation Authority \nMurphy, Frank \nHirabayashi, Gordon \nEndo, Mitsuye \nKuroki, Ben \nShiramizu, James","download_large":"ddr-densho-381-24-mezzanine-c361b12129-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-56-751","model":"entity","index":"18 268/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-751/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-56-751/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-751-mezzanine-4f6946b8a3-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-751-mezzanine-4f6946b8a3-a.jpg"},"title":"Conshies' at U. of W. are Led by Nisei Youth. 'Defense or Aggression, War is War,' One Conscientious Objector Says in Explaining Refusal to Serve. (April 12, 1942)","description":"The Seattle Daily Times, April 12, 1942, pp. 1, 12","extent":"Unknown","links_children":"ddr-densho-56-751","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Seattle Times Company"},{"role":"author","namepart":"Sullivan, Mark S."}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Draft resistance","id":"95"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Sullivan, Mark S."},{"namepart":"Schmoe, Floyd W."},{"namepart":"Farquharson, F.B."},{"namepart":"Bodine, Thomas"},{"namepart":"Johnson, Hugh S."},{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon"},{"namepart":"Woodbury, M.D."},{"namepart":"Seaton, Ralph"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"nocc","genre":"periodical","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"April 12, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Seattle Times Company publisher \nSullivan, Mark S. author Sullivan, Mark S. \nSchmoe, Floyd W. \nFarquharson, F.B. \nBodine, Thomas \nJohnson, Hugh S. \nHirabayashi, Gordon \nWoodbury, M.D. \nSeaton, Ralph","download_large":"ddr-densho-56-751-mezzanine-4f6946b8a3-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-42-6","model":"entity","index":"19 269/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-42-6/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-42-6/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-6-mezzanine-902d070e38-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-6-mezzanine-902d070e38-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 70, No. 6 (February 13, 1970)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Japan team to bowl in nat'l JACL tourney\" (p. 1), \"Sansei helped design little computer aboard Apollo 11-first to land on moon\" (p. 1), \"Gov. Reagan in Support of Title II Repeal\" (p. 1), \"Japanese and Indian claims methods against U.S. compared\" (p. 1), \"Chicago steps up convention planning\" (p. 1), \"Issue call for names due Biennium awards\" (p. 1), \"Drug abuse among Asian Americans in L.A. 'alarming\" (p. 1), \"Kashiwa first Nisei representing U.S. gov't before Supreme Court bench\" (p. 1), \"Human rights of man in uniform conference topic\" (p. 2), \"Patsy Mink's amendment to protect academic freedom only one to survive\" (p. 2), \"120 national organizations endorse repeal of Title II\" (p. 4), \"'Nisei' a real contribution to troubled U.S.\" (p. 6), \"Gordon K. Hirabayashi: The Man Behind a Famous Court Case\" (p. 8).","extent":"15W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-42-6","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Gordon Hirabayashi","id":"97"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Enomoto, Jerry"},{"namepart":"Harano, Allen"},{"namepart":"Kashiwa, Shiro"},{"namepart":"Katagiri, George"},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Mink, Patsy"},{"namepart":"Nakano, May"},{"namepart":"Chambers, Fran"},{"namepart":"Gosho, Hank"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Kodama, Anne"},{"namepart":"Sano, Tosh"},{"namepart":"Fukutaki, Kimi"},{"namepart":"Dohzen, Patti"},{"namepart":"Sano, Roy"},{"namepart":"Hamanaka, Joe"},{"namepart":"Gima, Dick"},{"namepart":"Gima, Richard"},{"namepart":"Beekman, Allan"},{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon K."}],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"February 13, 1970","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Enomoto, Jerry \nHarano, Allen \nKashiwa, Shiro \nKatagiri, George \nMasaoka, Mike \nMink, Patsy \nNakano, May \nChambers, Fran \nGosho, Hank \nHosokawa, Bill \nKodama, Anne \nSano, Tosh \nFukutaki, Kimi \nDohzen, Patti \nSano, Roy \nHamanaka, Joe \nGima, Dick \nGima, Richard \nBeekman, Allan \nHirabayashi, Gordon K.","download_large":"ddr-pc-42-6-mezzanine-902d070e38-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-sjacl-1-319","model":"entity","index":"20 270/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-sjacl-1-319/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-sjacl-1-319/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-sjacl-1/ddr-sjacl-1-319-mezzanine-a9feba4c20-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-sjacl-1/ddr-sjacl-1-319-mezzanine-a9feba4c20-a.jpg"},"title":"Seattle Chapter, JACL Reporter, Vol. XX, No. 3, March 1983","description":"Newsletter covering the following topics: Henry Miyatake gave a sobering report at the JACL Retreat. The Puyallup Fair Memorial is running into opposition from the American Legion (local and state) and local elements such as businesses and Rotary Club. More to come, and depends on the Fair Ground Board (they suggested a site in the parking lot, outside of the actual grounds+E323. Miyatake said this was unacceptable; Redress Report-Mike Lowry to introduce bill for $25,000 for each internee or heir. State considering SB 3163 for $5,000 to 38 State employees who lost their job due to incarceration; report on Board retreat, proposing new JACL Mission Statement, developing goals for Chapter; Don Kazama gives a brief historical overview of the Seattle JACL; Mike Lowry speaks at DoR Fun Run, excerpt of his remarks; Kathryn Bannai, counsel to Gordon Hirabayashi explains writ of error coram nobis.","extent":"8.5W x 14H","links_children":"ddr-sjacl-1-319","creators":[{"role":"Seattle Chapter, JACL","namepart":"publisher"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"Mar. 1983","status":"completed","search_hidden":"publisher Seattle Chapter, JACL","download_large":"ddr-sjacl-1-319-mezzanine-a9feba4c20-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-sjacl-1-287","model":"entity","index":"21 271/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-sjacl-1-287/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-sjacl-1-287/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-sjacl-1/ddr-sjacl-1-287-mezzanine-960c26f5eb-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-sjacl-1/ddr-sjacl-1-287-mezzanine-960c26f5eb-a.jpg"},"title":"Seattle Chapter, JACL Reporter, Vol. XVII, No. 3, March 1980","description":"Newsletter covering the following topics: National JACL President Clifford Uyeda reprimands Seattle JACL for Seattle JACL?s symposium on Redress will is not in line with official National JACL positions and is ?endangering the entire Redress program;\" Board meeting-Seattle JACL to address city?s action on Affirmative Action; Seattle JACL to introduce National resolution curbing National Executive?s power to make policy rather than make implementation, Shosuke Sasaki received letter from WA State Atty General agreeing that a Commission on Redress is simply an attempt to delay action; Shosuke Sasaki has a 1-1/2 page article on Redress basically decrying the bills for a Commission on Redress as a delaying action by the five Japanese American Congressman. (Bitter article); comments on January 19th Redress Symposium-Panelists included Mike Lowry and Gordon Hirabayashi; summary of January 19th Redress Symposium, packed house at SCCC auditorium (300 capacity, but 400 attended. Sponsored bt tge Friends Service Committee; survey indicates 70 families in Mercer Island, Bellevue, and Kirkland interested in forming a new chapter.","extent":"8.5W x 14H","links_children":"ddr-sjacl-1-287","creators":[{"role":"Seattle Chapter, JACL","namepart":"publisher"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"Mar. 1980","status":"completed","search_hidden":"publisher Seattle Chapter, JACL","download_large":"ddr-sjacl-1-287-mezzanine-960c26f5eb-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-42-20","model":"entity","index":"22 272/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-42-20/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-42-20/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-20-mezzanine-2bfe1c45c6-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-20-mezzanine-2bfe1c45c6-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 70, No. 20 (May 22, 1970)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Kowtowing Nisei attitude bares 2nd-class mentality\" (p. 1), \"Japan seen as power in Southeast Asia after U.S. withdraws scene\" (p. 1), \"What else can be suggested in area of civil rights and human rights?\" (p. 1), \"Japanese American 'Hard Core' being ignored, community worker charges\" (p. 1), \"PSW takes anti-war stand\" (p. 2), \"Hirabayashi - a footnote in Nisei history\" (p. 6).","extent":"15W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-42-20","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Enomoto, Jerry"},{"namepart":"Honda, Harry"},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Hiroto, Reiko"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Roybal, Edward"},{"namepart":"Sugiyama, Shig"},{"namepart":"Furutani, Warren"},{"namepart":"Toyama, Thomas"},{"namepart":"Noguchi, Thomas T."},{"namepart":"Kashiwagi, Hiroshi"},{"namepart":"Gima, Richard"},{"namepart":"Fong, Hiram"},{"namepart":"Uyeda, Clifford"},{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon"}],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"May 22, 1970","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Enomoto, Jerry \nHonda, Harry \nMasaoka, Mike \nHiroto, Reiko \nHosokawa, Bill \nRoybal, Edward \nSugiyama, Shig \nFurutani, Warren \nToyama, Thomas \nNoguchi, Thomas T. \nKashiwagi, Hiroshi \nGima, Richard \nFong, Hiram \nUyeda, Clifford \nHirabayashi, Gordon","download_large":"ddr-pc-42-20-mezzanine-2bfe1c45c6-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-65-169","model":"entity","index":"23 273/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-65-169/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-65-169/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-65/ddr-densho-65-169-mezzanine-299123d955-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-65/ddr-densho-65-169-mezzanine-299123d955-a.jpg"},"title":"Tulean Dispatch Vol. 4 No. 82 (February 27, 1943)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Aliens May Be Accepted in U.S. Army\" (p. 1), \"Messages to Japan Are Being Taken\" (p. 1), \"National Sawmill\" (p. 1), \"Registration Sked For Citizens Listed\" (p. 1), \"Co-op Stores... Scrip Exchange to be Stopped\" (p. 1), \"Procedure For Soldiers to Visit Tule Lake Given By DeWitt\" (p. 1), \"Identification For Workers: Divisions Will Wear Colored Buttons\" (p. 1), \"WRA-130 to be Filed For Indefinite Leave\" (p. 1).","extent":"1256W x 2104H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-65-169","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications -- Tulean Dispatch","id":"174"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Stafford, Harry L"},{"namepart":"Arnold, Stanley D"},{"namepart":"Horike, Hanako"},{"namepart":"Dewitt, J L"},{"namepart":"Coverley, Harvey M"},{"namepart":"Ishikawa, Elaine"},{"namepart":"Kimura, E"},{"namepart":"Naito, S"},{"namepart":"Sasaki, S"},{"namepart":"Nagatani, S"},{"namepart":"Iwao, K"},{"namepart":"Shibata, T"},{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, G"},{"namepart":"Kimura, T"},{"namepart":"Chapman, Gordon"},{"namepart":"Nakagawa, Bunny"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","location":"Tule Lake concentration camp, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"February 27, 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Stafford, Harry L \nArnold, Stanley D \nHorike, Hanako \nDewitt, J L \nCoverley, Harvey M \nIshikawa, Elaine \nKimura, E \nNaito, S \nSasaki, S \nNagatani, S \nIwao, K \nShibata, T \nHirabayashi, G \nKimura, T \nChapman, Gordon \nNakagawa, Bunny","download_large":"ddr-densho-65-169-mezzanine-299123d955-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-39-52","model":"entity","index":"24 274/{'value': 282, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-39-52/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-39-52/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-39/ddr-pc-39-52-mezzanine-377d683000-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-39/ddr-pc-39-52-mezzanine-377d683000-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 65, No. 25 (December 22-29, 1967)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Supreme Court and the Nisei: 'Equal Justice Under Law' nearer reality for Japanese Americans\" (p. 1), \"Individual choice in marriage not a concern for State\" (p. 1), \"Is Warren's legal philosophy of today a consequence of Evacuation?\" (p. 1), \"Takao Ozawa Case imbeds Issei to 'ineligible for citizenship' predicament\" (p. 1), \"'The Bill of Rights and the Military': Warren\" (p. 1), \"The Korematsu Case: ACLU's brief and the Supreme Court's decisions\" (p. 3), \"Evacuation ruled constitutional 6 to 3\" (p. 3), \"ACLU Brief: The Korematsu Case\" (p. 8), \"Terrace vs. Thompson: Common law prevails in early Washington alien land issue\" (p. 17), \"Gakuen era far from over--Hawaii once sought its demise\" (p. 23), \"The JACL Story: For Better Americans in a Greater America\" (p. 33), \"National Constitution Japanese American Citizens League\" (p. 53).\r\n\r\nThe holiday issue included advertisements bought by JACL members and chapters that included personal addresses and phone numbers to better foster communications between Japanese American communities. These addresses and phone numbers have been redacted to help protect the privacy of Japanese American communities. Please contact Densho to request the original version.","extent":"15W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-39-52","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases","id":"96"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Enomoto, Jerry"},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Gordon, Harold"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Beekman, Allan"},{"namepart":"Korematsu, Fred"},{"namepart":"Honda, Harry K."},{"namepart":"Marutani, William"},{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon"},{"namepart":"Hotta, Yosh"},{"namepart":"Matsumura, Phil"},{"namepart":"Matsumura, Phil"},{"namepart":"Ogawa, Elmer"},{"namepart":"Taketa, Henry"},{"namepart":"Endo, Todd"},{"namepart":"Tajima, Kinjiro"},{"namepart":"Toyama, Thomas"},{"namepart":"Nishio, Frank"},{"namepart":"Murayama, Tamotsu"},{"namepart":"Taniguchi, Jean"},{"namepart":"Nakamura, Ellen"},{"namepart":"Nakamura, Kennon"},{"namepart":"Matsumura, Shirley"},{"namepart":"Sabusawa, Mary"},{"namepart":"Matsushima, John K."}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"December 22-29, 1967","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Enomoto, Jerry \nMasaoka, Mike \nGordon, Harold \nHosokawa, Bill \nBeekman, Allan \nKorematsu, Fred \nHonda, Harry K. \nMarutani, William \nHirabayashi, Gordon \nHotta, Yosh \nMatsumura, Phil \nMatsumura, Phil \nOgawa, Elmer \nTaketa, Henry \nEndo, Todd \nTajima, Kinjiro \nToyama, Thomas \nNishio, Frank \nMurayama, Tamotsu \nTaniguchi, Jean \nNakamura, Ellen \nNakamura, Kennon \nMatsumura, Shirley \nSabusawa, Mary \nMatsushima, John K.","download_large":"ddr-pc-39-52-mezzanine-377d683000-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"HIrabayashi, Gordon","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}