This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:01:19","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-13-1","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":156,"namepart":"Gloria Kubota"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"August 28, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Gloria Kubota narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-kgloria-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-147-164","model":"entity","index":"5 555/{'value': 639, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-147-164/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-147-164/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-147/ddr-densho-147-164-mezzanine-04c44b8b22-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-147/ddr-densho-147-164-mezzanine-04c44b8b22-a.jpg"},"title":"Granada Pioneer Vol. II No. 51 (April 29, 1944)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Center-wide Inventory Creates Terrific Ordeal\" (p. 1), \"Methods to Streamline WRA Program Discussed\" (p. 1), \"Washington Ruling Bans All Private Center Enterprises\" (p. 1), \"No Apartment Switching After May 15 Ordered\" (p. 1), \"Tule-Bound Center Residents Interviewed\" (p. 3), \"Friend of Japanese Americans Arrives Here for Third Visit\" (p. 4), \"Paper Editorializes Conditions in Japan\" (p. 5), \"Gordon Hirabayashi Defies Racial Form of Draft Board\" (p. 8), \"Ickes Reports Sentiment Against Evacuees Easing\" (p. 8).","extent":"1144W x 1952H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-147-164","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications -- Granada Pioneer","id":"211"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","location":"Granada (Amache) concentration camp, Colorado","facility":[{"term":"Granada (Amache)","id":"4"}],"creation":"April 29, 1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-147-164-mezzanine-04c44b8b22-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-sjacl-1-333","model":"entity","index":"6 556/{'value': 639, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-sjacl-1-333/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-sjacl-1-333/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-sjacl-1/ddr-sjacl-1-333-mezzanine-0d10c3547c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-sjacl-1/ddr-sjacl-1-333-mezzanine-0d10c3547c-a.jpg"},"title":"Seattle Chapter, JACL Reporter, Vol. XXI, No. 4, April 1984","description":"Newsletter covering the following topics: Membership push, Jerry Shigaki; Redress sought for 27 school clerks, forced to resign. Presented by TJ Vassar to the school board; first hearing on Hirabayashi at Federal Court House (now Nakamura Court House); fundraiser for Hirabayashi court efforts, drawing by Michelle Kumata; Past Presidents Potluck; newsletter contains ads; attachment for Local Redress donation requests; attachment for Fundraiser for Gordon Hirabayashi, NVC, May 3rd; attachment for June 1984 Seattle JACL Fun Night at Seattle Tennis Center.","extent":"8.5W x 14H","links_children":"ddr-sjacl-1-333","creators":[{"role":"Seattle Chapter, JACL","namepart":"publisher"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"Apr. 1984","status":"completed","search_hidden":"publisher Seattle Chapter, JACL","download_large":"ddr-sjacl-1-333-mezzanine-0d10c3547c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-56-1051","model":"entity","index":"7 557/{'value': 639, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-1051/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-56-1051/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-1051-mezzanine-cd9de2d2df-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-1051-mezzanine-cd9de2d2df-a.jpg"},"title":"Hirabayashi in Trouble Again (June 26, 1944)","description":"The Seattle Daily Times, June 26, 1944, p. 3","extent":"Unknown","links_children":"ddr-densho-56-1051","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Seattle Times Company"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Gordon Hirabayashi","id":"97"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon"},{"namepart":"Dennis, Charles"},{"namepart":"Pomeroy, Allen"},{"namepart":"Black, Lloyd L."}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"nocc","genre":"periodical","location":"Spokane, Washington","creation":"June 26, 1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Seattle Times Company publisher Hirabayashi, Gordon \nDennis, Charles \nPomeroy, Allen \nBlack, Lloyd L.","download_large":"ddr-densho-56-1051-mezzanine-cd9de2d2df-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-56-879","model":"entity","index":"8 558/{'value': 639, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-879/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-56-879/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-879-mezzanine-1f4ba0239a-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-879-mezzanine-1f4ba0239a-a.jpg"},"title":"Jap's Ouster Based on Lies, Mrs. Farquharson Charges (January 18, 1943)","description":"The Seattle Daily Times, January 18, 1943, p. 3","extent":"Unknown","links_children":"ddr-densho-56-879","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Seattle Times Company"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Gordon Hirabayashi","id":"97"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Farquharson, Mary"},{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon"},{"namepart":"Hiltner, Walter G."},{"namepart":"Seeley, Frank"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"nocc","genre":"periodical","creation":"January 18, 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Seattle Times Company publisher Farquharson, Mary \nHirabayashi, Gordon \nHiltner, Walter G. \nSeeley, Frank","download_large":"ddr-densho-56-879-mezzanine-1f4ba0239a-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-56-1070","model":"entity","index":"9 559/{'value': 639, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-1070/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-56-1070/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-1070-mezzanine-446330e591-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-1070-mezzanine-446330e591-a.jpg"},"title":"Hirabayashi To Face Spokane Draft Charges (October 8, 1944)","description":"The Seattle Daily Times, October 8, 1944, p. 17","extent":"Unknown","links_children":"ddr-densho-56-1070","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Seattle Times Company"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Gordon Hirabayashi","id":"97"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon"},{"namepart":"Bowen, John C."},{"namepart":"O'Hare, Herbert"},{"namepart":"Schmoe, Esther"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"nocc","genre":"periodical","location":"Spokane, Washington","creation":"October 8, 1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Seattle Times Company publisher Hirabayashi, Gordon \nBowen, John C. \nO'Hare, Herbert \nSchmoe, Esther","download_large":"ddr-densho-56-1070-mezzanine-446330e591-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-ajah-4-13","model":"entity","index":"10 560/{'value': 639, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-ajah-4-13/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-ajah-4-13/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-ajah-4/ddr-ajah-4-13-mezzanine-5b3a0173b4-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-ajah-4/ddr-ajah-4-13-mezzanine-5b3a0173b4-a.jpg"},"title":"Group of men on steps of building","description":"Caption below photo: Issei leaders of the Japanese Methodist Episcopal Church, South in Alameda, CA., in front of Mary Helm Hall, 1953. Individuals identified","extent":"Unknown","links_children":"ddr-ajah-4-13","topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"},{"term":"Religion and churches -- Christianity","id":"396"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Akamatsu, Norichika"},{"namepart":"Miki, Torao"},{"namepart":"Hanamura, Tomokichi"},{"namepart":"Yoshino, Yoshimatsu"},{"namepart":"Yoshino, Gordon"},{"namepart":"Date, Hajime"},{"namepart":"Haratani, Iwakichi"}],"contributor":"Alameda Japanese American History Project","rights":"cc","genre":"photograph","location":"Alameda, California","creation":"c. 1953","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Akamatsu, Norichika \nMiki, Torao \nHanamura, Tomokichi \nYoshino, Yoshimatsu \nYoshino, Gordon \nDate, Hajime \nHaratani, Iwakichi","download_large":"ddr-ajah-4-13-mezzanine-5b3a0173b4-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-sjacl-1-370","model":"entity","index":"11 561/{'value': 639, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-sjacl-1-370/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-sjacl-1-370/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-sjacl-1/ddr-sjacl-1-370-mezzanine-8389614600-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-sjacl-1/ddr-sjacl-1-370-mezzanine-8389614600-a.jpg"},"title":"Seattle Chapter, JACL Reporter, Vol. 25, No. 2, February 1988","description":"Newsletter covering the following topics: President?s message noted recent passage of two key community leaders, Koyo Motoda and Uhachi Tamesa; DoR-1988, Potluck at Bush-Asia Center, keynotes-Mike Lowry and Norman Mineta, Frank Abe- emcee; Judge Donald Voorhees, Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, dismissed Gordon Hirabayashi?s 1942 curfew conviction. Roger Shimizu, part of the Hirabayashi legal team, says favorable decision also clear the record of Japanese Americans who were evacuated and interned during WWII; December Installation dinner recap, 150 attended; Doshi Kai activity recap.","extent":"8.5W x 14H","links_children":"ddr-sjacl-1-370","creators":[{"role":"Seattle Chapter, JACL","namepart":"publisher"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"Feb. 1988","status":"completed","search_hidden":"publisher Seattle Chapter, JACL","download_large":"ddr-sjacl-1-370-mezzanine-8389614600-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-sjacl-1-371","model":"entity","index":"12 562/{'value': 639, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-sjacl-1-371/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-sjacl-1-371/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-sjacl-1/ddr-sjacl-1-371-mezzanine-cadf53eaed-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-sjacl-1/ddr-sjacl-1-371-mezzanine-cadf53eaed-a.jpg"},"title":"Seattle Chapter, JACL Reporter, Vol. 25, No. 2, February 1988","description":"Newsletter covering the following topics: President?s message noted recent passage of two key community leaders, Koyo Motoda and Uhachi Tamesa; DoR-1988, Potluck at Bush-Asia Center, keynotes-Mike Lowry and Norman Mineta, Frank Abe- emcee; Judge Donald Voorhees, Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, dismissed Gordon Hirabayashi?s 1942 curfew conviction. Roger Shimizu, part of the Hirabayashi legal team, says favorable decision also clear the record of Japanese Americans who were evacuated and interned during WWII; December Installation dinner recap, 150 attended; Doshi Kai activity recap.","extent":"8.5W x 14H","links_children":"ddr-sjacl-1-371","creators":[{"role":"Seattle Chapter, JACL","namepart":"publisher"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"Feb. 1988","status":"completed","search_hidden":"publisher Seattle Chapter, JACL","download_large":"ddr-sjacl-1-371-mezzanine-cadf53eaed-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1012-18","model":"entity","index":"13 563/{'value': 639, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1012-18/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1012-18/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-ysharon-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-ysharon-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Sharon Yuen Interview","description":"Sansei female. Born July 1945 in Seattle, Washington. Daughter of Gordon Hirabayashi.
(This interview is audio-only. It contains raw footage used by Steven Okazaki in his 1985 film Unfinished Business.
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"00:04:16","links_children":"ddr-densho-1012-18","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":722,"namepart":"Sharon Yuen"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Steven Okazaki","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"October 26, 1983","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sharon Yuen narrator","download_large":"denshovh-ysharon-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1002-5-11","model":"segment","index":"14 564/{'value': 639, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1002-5-11/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1002-5-11/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-hjim-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-hjim-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Jim Hirabayashi Interview Segment 11","description":"Description of brother Gordon Hirabayashi's wartime stand and trial
This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:08:32","links_children":"ddr-densho-1002-5-11","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":140,"namepart":"Jim Hirabayashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Chizu Omori"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Emiko Omori"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Emiko Omori and Witt Mons"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Gordon Hirabayashi","id":"97"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon"}],"contributor":"Emiko and Chizuko Omori Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"October 2, 1992","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Jim Hirabayashi narrator \nChizu Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori and Witt Mons videographer Hirabayashi, Gordon","download_large":"denshovh-hjim-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"1036","model":"narrator","index":"15 565/{'value': 639, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1036/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1036/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-sjacl-2-38_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-sjacl-2-38_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1036/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kathryn Bannai","bio":"Elaine Kim and Bill Tashima interviewed Kathryn Bannai. Kathryn Bannai was the lead counsel in Gordon Hirabayashi's coram nobis case (1983 – February 1985). Among other critical work, she successfully defeated the government's effort to dismiss Hirabayashi's case, which led to overturning Hirabayashi's convictions for resisting the curfew and exclusion orders promulgated under E.O. 9066. Bannai was Seattle JACL President in 1982 in a pivotal period for the Chapter. It was during this period that the Chapter expanded its work toward WWII Japanese American redress, aging and health issues for Issei and Nisei, and youth programming. Bannai also forged partnership with Japanese Canadians to share WWII experiences of injustice. Bannai was the only the third woman Chapter President and one of the earliest Sansei Chapter Presidents. Bannai's Board was the first Seattle JACL Board with a majority Sansei and also a majority female membership."},{"id":"ddr-densho-56-822","model":"entity","index":"16 566/{'value': 639, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-822/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-56-822/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-822-mezzanine-2f73a7c8d1-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-822-mezzanine-2f73a7c8d1-a.jpg"},"title":"Jap-Evacuation Verdict Waits (July 19, 1942)","description":"The Seattle Daily Times, July 19, 1942, p. 8","extent":"Unknown","links_children":"ddr-densho-56-822","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Seattle Times Company"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Gordon Hirabayashi","id":"97"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon"},{"namepart":"Black, Lloyd L."},{"namepart":"Farquharson, Mary"},{"namepart":"Walters, Frank L."}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"nocc","genre":"periodical","location":"Washington State","creation":"July 19, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Seattle Times Company publisher Hirabayashi, Gordon \nBlack, Lloyd L. \nFarquharson, Mary \nWalters, Frank L.","download_large":"ddr-densho-56-822-mezzanine-2f73a7c8d1-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-56-851","model":"entity","index":"17 567/{'value': 639, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-851/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-56-851/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-851-mezzanine-b7d2ec5e5b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-56/ddr-densho-56-851-mezzanine-b7d2ec5e5b-a.jpg"},"title":"Sentence Too Short, Convicted Jap Tells Court (October 22, 1942)","description":"The Seattle Daily Times, October 22, 1942, p. 38","extent":"Unknown","links_children":"ddr-densho-56-851","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Seattle Times Company"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Gordon Hirabayashi","id":"97"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon"},{"namepart":"Black, Lloyd L."},{"namepart":"Dennis, J. Charles"},{"namepart":"Walters, Frank"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"nocc","genre":"periodical","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"October 22, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Seattle Times Company publisher Hirabayashi, Gordon \nBlack, Lloyd L. \nDennis, J. 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Ennis to Charles Fahy regarding United States v. Hirabayashi, Yasui, and Korematsu. This document was Exhibit A in the coram nobis litigation.\r\n\r\nThis document was available in conjunction with \"Race, Rights and Reparation: Law and the Japanese American Internment\" by Eric K. Yamamoto, Margaret Chon, Carol Izumi, Jerry Kang, and Frank Wu.","extent":"Unknown","links_children":"ddr-densho-405-3","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Ennis, Edward J."}],"topics":[{"term":"Redress and reparations -- Legal cases/coram nobis cases","id":"167"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Korematsu, Fred"},{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon"},{"namepart":"Yasui, Min"},{"namepart":"Ennis, Edward J."},{"namepart":"Fahy, Charles"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"correspondence","creation":"April 19, 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ennis, Edward J. author Korematsu, Fred \nHirabayashi, Gordon \nYasui, Min \nEnnis, Edward J. \nFahy, Charles","download_large":"ddr-densho-405-3-mezzanine-3813ffc922-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-446-310","model":"entity","index":"20 570/{'value': 639, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-310/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-446-310/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-310-mezzanine-3efaa1483a-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-310-mezzanine-3efaa1483a-a.jpg"},"title":"Statement of Support for Ai Chih Tsai [unsigned]","description":"Statement of sponsorship and resources for Ai Chih Tsai so he will not be a public charge in the USA. 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