(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:43:02","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-363","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":594,"namepart":"Art Ishida"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr014dm7c","namepart":"Ishida, Atsushi"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"August 24, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Art Ishida narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer Ishida, Atsushi 88922nr014dm7c","download_large":"denshovh-iart_2-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-400-14","model":"entity","index":"2 77/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-400-14/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-400-14/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-14-mezzanine-4fc2f8b92b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-14-mezzanine-4fc2f8b92b-a.jpg"},"title":"Ryo Komae Interview","description":"Ryo Komae was born on July 26, 1918, in Los Angeles, California. He was one of three children, and his parents were Tojiro and Komaji Komae. His father was \"watchman\" (security guard) for the Los Angeles City Market and his mother was a housewife. During World War II, he was removed with his family to the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. During the war he enlisted in the army and served with the Military Intelligence Service. After the war, he went to New York and eventually moved to Gardena, California.\r\n\r\nThis interview is part of the South Bay History Project created by the South Bay Chapter of the Japanese American Citizens League.","extent":"1:06:27","links_children":"ddr-densho-400-14","creators":[{"role":"narrator","namepart":"Ryo Komae"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Ron Ikejiri"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Military Intelligence Service","id":"91"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"California","creation":"May 13, 2004","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ryo Komae narrator \nRon Ikejiri interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-400-14-mezzanine-4fc2f8b92b-a.jpg"},{"id":"594","model":"narrator","index":"3 78/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/594/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/594/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/iart_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/iart_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/594/interviews/"},"display_name":"Art Ishida","bio":"Nisei male. Born June 2, 1921, in Fresno, California. Grew up in the Gardena area of Los Angeles, California, before moving to Japan with parents in 1929 and returning to California in the 1930s. During World War II, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Gave a qualified answer on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire and was transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Moved briefly to the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho, before being released from camp and living in Chicago, Illinois. Drafted into the military and served in Korea as an interpreter for the Military Intelligence Service. Eventually returned to California."},{"id":"ddr-densho-400-24","model":"entity","index":"4 79/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-400-24/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-400-24/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-24-mezzanine-9f3304bdcb-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-24-mezzanine-9f3304bdcb-a.jpg"},"title":"Michael Shigeru Yasutake Interview","description":"Michael Yasutake was born on August 4, 1915, in Long Beach, California. He was one of Kumataro and Itsu Yasutake's eight children. His father was a farmer in Gardena, California, and his mother was a housewife. When the war broke out he was already in the army and served with the Military Intelligence Service. His family was sent to Rohwer concentration camp in Arkansas. After the war Michael was stationed in Japan and Shanghai, China, with the United States Civil Intelligence Service. He left the service in 1948 with the rank of Major. Eventually he moved back to California to start a business with George Aratani.\r\n\r\nThis interview is part of the South Bay History Project created by the South Bay Chapter of the Japanese American Citizens League.","extent":"1:42:12","links_children":"ddr-densho-400-24","creators":[{"role":"narrator","namepart":"Michael Shigeru Yasutake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Ron Ikejiri"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Military Intelligence Service","id":"91"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Culver City, California","creation":"May 13, 2004","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Michael Shigeru Yasutake narrator \nRon Ikejiri interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-400-24-mezzanine-9f3304bdcb-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-67","model":"entity","index":"5 80/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-67/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-67/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-nbert-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-nbert-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Bert Nakano Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born March 5, 1928, in Honolulu, Hawaii. Incarcerated at the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Resettled in Gardena, California. Member of the Little Tokyo People's Rights Organization (LTPRO) and National Coalition for Redress/Reparations (NCRR).
(This interview was conducted at the Voices of Japanese American Redress Conference, held on the UCLA campus and sponsored by the UCLA Asian American Studies Center and the UCLA School of Public Policy and Social Research. Because of the full conference schedule, our interviews were limited to one hour. The interviews therefore focused primarily on a single topic, namely, the narrator's role in the redress movement.)","extent":"00:48:27","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-67","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":66,"namepart":"Bert Nakano"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Larry Hashima"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zr35","namepart":"Nakano, Shoso Herbert"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"University of CA, Los Angeles","creation":"September 13, 1997","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Bert Nakano narrator \nLarry Hashima interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Nakano, Shoso Herbert 88922nr015zr35","download_large":"denshovh-nbert-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"123","model":"narrator","index":"6 81/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/123/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/123/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/bpaul.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/bpaul.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/123/interviews/"},"display_name":"Paul Bannai","bio":"Nisei male. Born July 4, 1920, in Delta, Colorado. Grew up in small mining and farming towns in Colorado, Utah and Arizona, until his family moved to Boyle Heights in the Los Angeles, California area. After graduating from high school, he tested discrimination and employment practices and eventually succeeded in obtaining a job at a bank. During World War II, his family was held in Manzanar concentration camp, California. Mr. Bannai joined the 442nd Regimental Combat Team, and was later transferred to the U.S. Military Intelligence Service. He served in New Guinea and elsewhere overseas, was an interpreter for the Allied Translator and Interpreter Service (ATIS), and interpreted at the surrender of Japanese forces at ceremonies in Indonesia. Married and eventually resettled in Gardena, California, where he worked in the floral industry before founding the Bannai Realty and Insurance Company. An extremely active community and civic volunteer, Mr. Bannai joined the Elks Club as well as many veterans' and other organizations. He was elected to the Gardena city council in 1972, and in 1973 was elected to the California State Legislature. In 1980, Mr. Bannai became the executive director of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC). In 1981, he was appointed chief director of the Memorial Affairs Department of the Veterans Administration by President Ronald Reagan."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-262","model":"entity","index":"7 82/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-262/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-262/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-smarian-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-smarian-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Marian Shingu Sata Interview","description":"Nisei female. Born August 31, 1935, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in Gardena, where father was a prominent community leader and principal of the Japanese language school. During World War II, removed with family to the Stockton Assembly Center, California, and the Rohwer concentration camp, Arkansas. Left camp along with a group of Japanese American families to establish farms in Arkansas. Attended Little Rock High School before returning with family to Pasadena, California. After World War II, involved with the Japanese American community in Pasadena.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:01:09","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-262","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":416,"namepart":"Marian Shingu Sata"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0079g1z","namepart":"Shingu, Tayeko Marian"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"September 23, 2009","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Marian Shingu Sata narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Shingu, Tayeko Marian 88922nr0079g1z","download_large":"denshovh-smarian-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-400-7","model":"entity","index":"8 83/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-400-7/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-400-7/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-7-mezzanine-31217c7310-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-7-mezzanine-31217c7310-a.jpg"},"title":"George Ishibashi Interview","description":"George Ishibashi was born on March 27, 1914, in San Pedro, California. He grew up on a farm in Palos Verdes, California. His father immigrated to the U.S. in the late 1890s and leased his first farm in 1906. Following Japan's bombing of Pearl Harbor, the family's lease was unceremoniously ended. Ishibashi and his family were imprisoned in a concentration camp in Poston, Arizona, during World War II. Ishibashi left the camp to work on sugar beet farms and was able to travel while on leave from the U.S. Army. After the war, Ishibashi resettled in Palos Verdes, California, leasing the same land his father farmed before the war. The land dwindled as residential development covered the peninsula. Ishibashi took jobs as a mechanic, was evicted from his farm a second time and eventually retired in Gardena, California.\r\n\r\nThis interview is part of the South Bay History Project created by the South Bay Chapter of the Japanese American Citizens League.","extent":"1:59:02","links_children":"ddr-densho-400-7","creators":[{"role":"narrator","namepart":"George Ishibashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Richard Kawasaki"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"California","facility":[{"term":"Poston (Colorado River)","id":"2"}],"creation":"January 23, 2004","status":"completed","search_hidden":"George Ishibashi narrator \nRichard Kawasaki interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-400-7-mezzanine-31217c7310-a.jpg"},{"id":"887","model":"narrator","index":"9 84/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/887/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/887/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/asakaye.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/asakaye.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/887/interviews/"},"display_name":"Sakaye Aratani","bio":"Nisei female. Born December 11, 1919, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in Gardena, where parents ran a chicken farm. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, moved temporarily to live with family in Reedley, California, then was removed to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. While on a visit to a different camp, Sakaye met her future husband, George Aratani, and they married in Minneapolis, Minnesota, while George was serving in the Military Intelligence Service. After leaving camp, Sakaye and George returned to Los Angeles and raised a family. Sakaye was a founding member of the Montebello Japanese Women's Club, and was also one of the first women to serve on the board of the Sumitomo Bank of California."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38-106","model":"entity","index":"10 85/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-106/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38-106/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-106-mezzanine-e9262ab5c5-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-106-mezzanine-e9262ab5c5-a.jpg"},"title":"George Nobuo Naohara's handwritten note: good friend, Jiro Sanada","description":"George Nobuo Naohara's handwritten note describing Jiro Sanada. English translation: During his incarcerated at the Tule Lake in California, Jiro Sanada was spending time writing senryu. With Atsushi Art Ishida's help, Jiro was able to leave the camp for Chicago. He was married in Chicago and opened a grocery store with his wife somewhere. His business was successful and came back to Gardena when he retired. He is now 92 years old and such a lucky man living a long life. The backside note reads: Good friend, Jiro Sanada. Title from note. Item from \"George Naohara photo album\" (csudh_nao_0001), page 23. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: nao_01_23_003","extent":"11 x 1 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38-106","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- \"Resettlement\"","id":"104"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Illinois -- Chicago","id":"279"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Newell, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"1944-1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014 author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-106-mezzanine-e9262ab5c5-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-6","model":"entity","index":"11 86/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-6/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-6/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Sam Horino Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born July 17, 1914, in Gardena, California. Passively resisted \"evacuation\" in 1942, forcing two soldiers to carry him out of his home. Incarcerated at Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming, and became one of the steering committee leaders of the Fair Play Committee (FPC). Was tried along with the other FPC leaders and was convicted to conspiracy to counsel draft evasion. Served time in Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary, Kansas, and then returned home to California.
(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"00:47:43","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-6","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":152,"namepart":"Sam Horino"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Monterey Park, California","creation":"February 22, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sam Horino narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-28-41","model":"entity","index":"12 87/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-28-41/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-28-41/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-28/ddr-pc-28-41-mezzanine-a278e95e14-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-28/ddr-pc-28-41-mezzanine-a278e95e14-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 43, No. 15 (October 12, 1956)","description":"Selected article titles: \" Masaoka ill, postpones trip to Japan a week\" (p. 1), \"55 of 65 Nisei public office seekers win in Hawaii primaries\" (p. 1), \"Tabulate 141,000 Japanese in U.S.; 85,000 in California\" (p. 1), \"Temporary farm workers continue to arrive by air\" (p. 1), \"Fresno-born Nisei interprets for Japanese emperor\" (p. 2), \"One of 25 Hiroshima Maidens marries Nisei cousin, resides in Gardena\" (p. 2), \"Vandals Plague Fresno Home-owner second time\" (p. 2), \"Arizonan raps use of Japanese, P.I. temporary laborers\" (p. 3) \"JACL Credit Union Votes to Aid Pasadena Group Under State Eye\" (p. 3), \"Nisei Gl 148 lb. weightlifter eyes Melbourne Olympic games\" (p. 6), \"Veterans group opposes establishment of Seattle Japanese language school\" (p. 8).","extent":"11.5W x 17H","links_children":"ddr-pc-28-41","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Ota, Peter I."},{"namepart":"Sakano, Theodore Kiichiro"},{"namepart":"Satow, Masao"},{"namepart":"Heima, Tatsuhiko"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Nara, Yasuhiko"},{"namepart":"Matsuda, Clarence G."},{"namepart":"Udo, Keishi"},{"namepart":"Kuramoto, Mitsuko"},{"namepart":"Murayama, Tamotsu"},{"namepart":"Tajiri, Larry S."},{"namepart":"Miki, Lily"},{"namepart":"Sakata, Robert"},{"namepart":"Tamura, Alice T."},{"namepart":"Honda, Harry K."},{"namepart":"Nishikawa, Roy M."},{"namepart":"Ogawa, Elmer"},{"namepart":"Iwasaki, Larry"},{"namepart":"Yamagata, Shinny"},{"namepart":"Mori, Henry"},{"namepart":"Ono, Amy"},{"namepart":"Tagawa, Tsutomu"}],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"October 12, 1956","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Masaoka, Mike \nOta, Peter I. \nSakano, Theodore Kiichiro \nSatow, Masao \nHeima, Tatsuhiko \nHosokawa, Bill \nNara, Yasuhiko \nMatsuda, Clarence G. \nUdo, Keishi \nKuramoto, Mitsuko \nMurayama, Tamotsu \nTajiri, Larry S. \nMiki, Lily \nSakata, Robert \nTamura, Alice T. \nHonda, Harry K. \nNishikawa, Roy M. \nOgawa, Elmer \nIwasaki, Larry \nYamagata, Shinny \nMori, Henry \nOno, Amy \nTagawa, Tsutomu","download_large":"ddr-pc-28-41-mezzanine-a278e95e14-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-113","model":"entity","index":"13 88/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-113/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-113/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-blorraine-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-blorraine-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Lorraine Bannai Interview","description":"Sansei female. Born 1955 in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in Gardena, California, surrounded by a large Japanese American community. Influenced by father's role in community and politics, and mother's emphasis on education. Attended University of California, Santa Barbara where she became increasingly aware of Japanese American history, issues of ethnic identity and racial inequality. Attended the University of San Francisco School of Law where she honed her commitment to political and social activism. Only a few years out of law school, she joined a team of lawyers working to reopen the Supreme Court's 1944 decision in Korematsu v. United States. Convicted of violating the exclusion order during World War II, Mr. Korematsu's case went all the way to the Supreme Court where the exclusion and incarceration of Japanese Americans was upheld as constitutional, based on the government's argument of \"military necessity.\" Through a petition for writ of error coram nobis (establishing that the case was premised on errors of fact withheld from the judge and the defense by the prosecution), the legal team reopened the case, provided evidence that the factual underpinnings to the exclusion orders were fraudulent, and successfully had the Korematsu conviction vacated, as well as a handful of other similar convictions. In this interview, Ms. Bannai discusses the coram nobis legal team, the support for the effort among the Japanese American community, and personal lessons gained from being a part of this effort.","extent":"04:11:39","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-113","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":112,"namepart":"Lorraine Bannai"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Margaret Chon"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"John Pai/Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"March 23 & 24, 2000","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Lorraine Bannai narrator \nMargaret Chon interviewer \nAlice Ito interviewer \nJohn Pai/Dana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-blorraine-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"112","model":"narrator","index":"14 89/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/112/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/112/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/blorraine.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/blorraine.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/112/interviews/"},"display_name":"Lorraine Bannai","bio":"Sansei female. Born 1955 in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in Gardena, California, surrounded by a large Japanese American community. Influenced by father's role in community and politics, and mother's emphasis on education. Attended University of California, Santa Barbara where she became increasingly aware of Japanese American history, issues of ethnic identity and racial inequality. Attended the University of San Francisco School of Law where she honed her commitment to political and social activism. Only a few years out of law school, she joined a team of lawyers working to reopen the Supreme Court's 1944 decision in Korematsu v. United States. Convicted of violating the exclusion order during World War II, Mr. Korematsu's case went all the way to the Supreme Court where the exclusion and incarceration of Japanese Americans was upheld as constitutional, based on the government's argument of \"military necessity.\" Through a petition for writ of error coram nobis (establishing that the case was premised on errors of fact withheld from the judge and the defense by the prosecution), the legal team reopened the case, provided evidence that the factual underpinnings to the exclusion orders were fraudulent, and successfully had the Korematsu conviction vacated, as well as a handful of other similar convictions. In this interview, Ms. Bannai discusses the coram nobis legal team, the support for the effort among the Japanese American community, and personal lessons gained from being a part of this effort."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-141","model":"entity","index":"15 90/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-141/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-141/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mdale-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mdale-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Dale Minami Interview","description":"Sansei male. Born in Los Angeles, California on October 13, 1946, and grew up in Gardena, California. Received B.A. in Political Science from University of Southern California, graduated magna cum laude and Phi Beta Kappa in 1968. Received J.D., 1971, from Boalt Hall School of Law, University of California. Mr. Minami was a co-founder of the Asian Law Caucus, Inc., a co-founder of the Asian Pacific American Bar Association of the Greater Bay Area, the Asian Pacific Bar of California and the Coalition of Asian Pacific Americans. He was involved in significant litigation affecting civil rights of Asian Pacific Americans and other minorities, including Korematsu v. United States, a lawsuit to overturn a 40 year old conviction for refusal to obey exclusion orders aimed at Japanese Americans during WWII, originally upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court in landmark decisions; United Pilipinos for Affirmative Action v. California Blue Shield, the first class action employment lawsuit brought by Asian Pacific Americans on behalf of Asian Pacific Americans; Spokane JACL v. Washington State University, a class action on behalf of Asian Pacific Americans to establish an Asian American Studies program at Washington State University; and Nakanishi v. UCLA, a claim for unfair denial of tenure which resulted in the granting of tenure after widespread publicity over discrimination in academia. Mr. Minami represents Kristi Yamaguchi, the 1992 Olympic Gold Medal skater, playwright Philip Kan Gotanda, actor Lane Nishikawa, and others in the fields of media and entertainment. He is counsel to the National Asian American Telecommunications Association and the Asian American Journalists' Association. Mr. Minami has taught at University of California, Berkeley and Mills College in Oakland, CA and has been a Commissioner of the State of California's Fair Employment and Housing Commission, a Commissioner on the State Bar of California, Commission on Judicial Nominees Evaluation, the Chair of the Attorney General's Asian/Pacific Advisory Committee and a Member of Senator Barbara Boxer's Judicial Screening Committee. He was Chair of the Civil Liberties Public Education Fund Commission, appointed by President Clinton in 1994. Mr. Minami has received numerous awards including the State Bar President's Pro bono Service Award, an honorary Juris Doctor degree from the McGeorge School of Law, designation of a dormitory at the University of California at Santa Cruz as the \"Queen Liliuokalani-Minami\" Dormitory, awards from the Coro Foundation, the Japanese Cultural and Community Center of Northern California, the Harry Dow Memorial Fellowship in Boston, the Fred Korematsu Civil Rights Fund Award, the Organization of Chinese Americans, the Japanese American Youth Center and the Centro Legale de la Raza. Mr. Minami is a partner with Minami, Lew and Tamaki in San Francisco, and specializes in personal injury and entertainment law.","extent":"03:26:04","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-141","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":134,"namepart":"Dale Minami"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Margaret Chon"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"February 8, 2003","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Dale Minami narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nMargaret Chon interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-mdale-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1012-7","model":"entity","index":"16 91/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1012-7/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1012-7/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-mdale-03-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-mdale-03-a.jpg"},"title":"Dale Minami Interview II","description":"Sansei male. Born in Los Angeles, California on October 13, 1946, and grew up in Gardena, California. Received B.A. in Political Science from University of Southern California, graduated magna cum laude and Phi Beta Kappa in 1968. Received J.D., 1971, from Boalt Hall School of Law, University of California. Mr. Minami was a co-founder of the Asian Law Caucus, Inc., a co-founder of the Asian Pacific American Bar Association of the Greater Bay Area, the Asian Pacific Bar of California and the Coalition of Asian Pacific Americans. He was involved in significant litigation affecting civil rights of Asian Pacific Americans and other minorities, including Korematsu v. United States, a lawsuit to overturn a 40 year old conviction for refusal to obey exclusion orders aimed at Japanese Americans during WWII, originally upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court in landmark decisions; United Pilipinos for Affirmative Action v. California Blue Shield, the first class action employment lawsuit brought by Asian Pacific Americans on behalf of Asian Pacific Americans; Spokane JACL v. Washington State University, a class action on behalf of Asian Pacific Americans to establish an Asian American Studies program at Washington State University; and Nakanishi v. UCLA, a claim for unfair denial of tenure which resulted in the granting of tenure after widespread publicity over discrimination in academia. Mr. Minami represents Kristi Yamaguchi, the 1992 Olympic Gold Medal skater, playwright Philip Kan Gotanda, actor Lane Nishikawa, and others in the fields of media and entertainment. He is counsel to the National Asian American Telecommunications Association and the Asian American Journalists' Association. Mr. Minami has taught at University of California, Berkeley and Mills College in Oakland, CA and has been a Commissioner of the State of California's Fair Employment and Housing Commission, a Commissioner on the State Bar of California, Commission on Judicial Nominees Evaluation, the Chair of the Attorney General's Asian/Pacific Advisory Committee and a Member of Senator Barbara Boxer's Judicial Screening Committee. He was Chair of the Civil Liberties Public Education Fund Commission, appointed by President Clinton in 1994. Mr. Minami has received numerous awards including the State Bar President's Pro bono Service Award, an honorary Juris Doctor degree from the McGeorge School of Law, designation of a dormitory at the University of California at Santa Cruz as the \"Queen Liliuokalani-Minami\" Dormitory, awards from the Coro Foundation, the Japanese Cultural and Community Center of Northern California, the Harry Dow Memorial Fellowship in Boston, the Fred Korematsu Civil Rights Fund Award, the Organization of Chinese Americans, the Japanese American Youth Center and the Centro Legale de la Raza. Mr. Minami is a partner with Minami, Lew and Tamaki in San Francisco, and specializes in personal injury and entertainment law.
(This interview is audio-only. It contains raw footage used by Steven Okazaki in his 1985 film Unfinished Business.
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"00:14:50","links_children":"ddr-densho-1012-7","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":134,"namepart":"Dale Minami"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Steven Okazaki","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"February 18, 1984","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Dale Minami narrator","download_large":"denshovh-mdale-03-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1012-6","model":"entity","index":"17 92/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1012-6/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1012-6/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-mdale-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-mdale-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Dale Minami Interview I","description":"Sansei male. Born in Los Angeles, California on October 13, 1946, and grew up in Gardena, California. Received B.A. in Political Science from University of Southern California, graduated magna cum laude and Phi Beta Kappa in 1968. Received J.D., 1971, from Boalt Hall School of Law, University of California. Mr. Minami was a co-founder of the Asian Law Caucus, Inc., a co-founder of the Asian Pacific American Bar Association of the Greater Bay Area, the Asian Pacific Bar of California and the Coalition of Asian Pacific Americans. He was involved in significant litigation affecting civil rights of Asian Pacific Americans and other minorities, including Korematsu v. United States, a lawsuit to overturn a 40 year old conviction for refusal to obey exclusion orders aimed at Japanese Americans during WWII, originally upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court in landmark decisions; United Pilipinos for Affirmative Action v. California Blue Shield, the first class action employment lawsuit brought by Asian Pacific Americans on behalf of Asian Pacific Americans; Spokane JACL v. Washington State University, a class action on behalf of Asian Pacific Americans to establish an Asian American Studies program at Washington State University; and Nakanishi v. UCLA, a claim for unfair denial of tenure which resulted in the granting of tenure after widespread publicity over discrimination in academia. Mr. Minami represents Kristi Yamaguchi, the 1992 Olympic Gold Medal skater, playwright Philip Kan Gotanda, actor Lane Nishikawa, and others in the fields of media and entertainment. He is counsel to the National Asian American Telecommunications Association and the Asian American Journalists' Association. Mr. Minami has taught at University of California, Berkeley and Mills College in Oakland, CA and has been a Commissioner of the State of California's Fair Employment and Housing Commission, a Commissioner on the State Bar of California, Commission on Judicial Nominees Evaluation, the Chair of the Attorney General's Asian/Pacific Advisory Committee and a Member of Senator Barbara Boxer's Judicial Screening Committee. He was Chair of the Civil Liberties Public Education Fund Commission, appointed by President Clinton in 1994. Mr. Minami has received numerous awards including the State Bar President's Pro bono Service Award, an honorary Juris Doctor degree from the McGeorge School of Law, designation of a dormitory at the University of California at Santa Cruz as the \"Queen Liliuokalani-Minami\" Dormitory, awards from the Coro Foundation, the Japanese Cultural and Community Center of Northern California, the Harry Dow Memorial Fellowship in Boston, the Fred Korematsu Civil Rights Fund Award, the Organization of Chinese Americans, the Japanese American Youth Center and the Centro Legale de la Raza. Mr. Minami is a partner with Minami, Lew and Tamaki in San Francisco, and specializes in personal injury and entertainment law.
(This interview is audio-only. It contains raw footage used by Steven Okazaki in his 1985 film Unfinished Business.
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"00:10:42","links_children":"ddr-densho-1012-6","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":134,"namepart":"Dale Minami"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Steven Okazaki","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"October 4, 1983","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Dale Minami narrator","download_large":"denshovh-mdale-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"134","model":"narrator","index":"18 93/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/134/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/134/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mdale.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mdale.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/134/interviews/"},"display_name":"Dale Minami","bio":"Sansei male. Born in Los Angeles, California on October 13, 1946, and grew up in Gardena, California. Received B.A. in Political Science from University of Southern California, graduated magna cum laude and Phi Beta Kappa in 1968. Received J.D., 1971, from Boalt Hall School of Law, University of California. Mr. Minami was a co-founder of the Asian Law Caucus, Inc., a co-founder of the Asian Pacific American Bar Association of the Greater Bay Area, the Asian Pacific Bar of California and the Coalition of Asian Pacific Americans. He was involved in significant litigation affecting civil rights of Asian Pacific Americans and other minorities, including Korematsu v. United States, a lawsuit to overturn a 40 year old conviction for refusal to obey exclusion orders aimed at Japanese Americans during WWII, originally upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court in landmark decisions; United Pilipinos for Affirmative Action v. California Blue Shield, the first class action employment lawsuit brought by Asian Pacific Americans on behalf of Asian Pacific Americans; Spokane JACL v. Washington State University, a class action on behalf of Asian Pacific Americans to establish an Asian American Studies program at Washington State University; and Nakanishi v. UCLA, a claim for unfair denial of tenure which resulted in the granting of tenure after widespread publicity over discrimination in academia. Mr. Minami represents Kristi Yamaguchi, the 1992 Olympic Gold Medal skater, playwright Philip Kan Gotanda, actor Lane Nishikawa, and others in the fields of media and entertainment. He is counsel to the National Asian American Telecommunications Association and the Asian American Journalists' Association. Mr. Minami has taught at University of California, Berkeley and Mills College in Oakland, CA and has been a Commissioner of the State of California's Fair Employment and Housing Commission, a Commissioner on the State Bar of California, Commission on Judicial Nominees Evaluation, the Chair of the Attorney General's Asian/Pacific Advisory Committee and a Member of Senator Barbara Boxer's Judicial Screening Committee. He was Chair of the Civil Liberties Public Education Fund Commission, appointed by President Clinton in 1994. Mr. Minami has received numerous awards including the State Bar President's Pro bono Service Award, an honorary Juris Doctor degree from the McGeorge School of Law, designation of a dormitory at the University of California at Santa Cruz as the \"Queen Liliuokalani-Minami\" Dormitory, awards from the Coro Foundation, the Japanese Cultural and Community Center of Northern California, the Harry Dow Memorial Fellowship in Boston, the Fred Korematsu Civil Rights Fund Award, the Organization of Chinese Americans, the Japanese American Youth Center and the Centro Legale de la Raza. Mr. Minami is a partner with Minami, Lew and Tamaki in San Francisco, and specializes in personal injury and entertainment law."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38-4","model":"entity","index":"19 94/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38-4/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-4-mezzanine-16f2815bfa-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-4-mezzanine-16f2815bfa-a.jpg"},"title":"George Naohara's handwritten annotations","description":"English translations of handwritten annotations from \"George Naohara photo album\" (csudh_nao_0001), page 6: [Right top] I (George Naohara) and Keny Kuwahara [Kenneth Kenji Kuwahara], who had been drafted but was discharged. He was fluent in Japanese and English. Immediately after arriving at the C.C.C. Camp, an announcement of the U.S. government order was made in English. Keny kindly explained to everyone at the Camp what the announcement was in Japanese. He spoke both languages very well. Our group members included: Mr. Hashimoto [Testuo L. Hashimoto], Keny Kuwahara, Mr. Seki, Tadashi Sakaida, and Jimmy Oda. The sugar beets farm was stretching far as if it went beyond the horizon. A long ridge laid and it took us a whole day to take ___. Finally, I had to buy a pair of farm boots. [Right bottom] In Utah, Mr. Mimura ___. When I was working in Utah, Mr. Mimura passed away. At the Utah Bukkyokai, I made a memorial address, representing friends who respected Mr. Mimura. Mr. Mimura contributed to the Japanese American community. Become a good citizen” was his advice to me. When making a memorial address at the Buddhist temple, I stated that I would express my prayer loudly, and I continued: Your whole sprit and soul will rerun to your home country. The Buddhist minister listened to it at the temple and praised me about it. [Left] My magnificent memory ____ When I was working in a hotel in Utah, I made a memorial address at a Buddhist temple. I received a praise from Hoko Terakawa, a minister of the Buddhist Church of America. It has passed decades since then. I was a barber in Los Angeles and Gardena, and am now 91 years old. But I still now remember it and won't forget it. That was when I was only about age 20. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: nao_01_006","extent":"1 page, 8 x 8.75 inches, handwritten; black and white","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38-4","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Kibei","id":"45"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- Work leave","id":"103"},{"term":"Religion and churches -- Buddhism","id":"395"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014 author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-4-mezzanine-16f2815bfa-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1012-14","model":"entity","index":"20 95/{'value': 96, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1012-14/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1012-14/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-blorraine-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-blorraine-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Lorraine Bannai Interview","description":"Sansei female. Born 1955 in Los Angeles, CA. Grew up in Gardena, CA, surrounded by a large Japanese American community. Influenced by father's role in community and politics, and mother's emphasis on education. Attended University of California, Santa Barbara where she became increasingly aware of Japanese American history, issues of ethnic identity and racial inequality. Attended the University of San Francisco School of Law where she honed her commitment to political and social activism. Only a few years out of law school, she joined a team of lawyers working to reopen the Supreme Court's 1944 decision in Korematsu v. United States. Convicted of violating the exclusion order during World War II, Mr. Korematsu's case went all the way to the Supreme Court where the exclusion and incarceration of Japanese Americans was upheld as constitutional, based on the government's argument of \"military necessity.\" Through a petition for writ of error coram nobis (establishing that the case was premised on errors of fact withheld from the judge and the defense by the prosecution), the legal team reopened the case, provided evidence that the factual underpinnings to the exclusion orders were fraudulent, and successfully had the Korematsu conviction vacated, as well as a handful of other similar convictions. In this interview, Ms. Bannai discusses the coram nobis legal team, the support for the effort among the Japanese American community, and personal lessons gained from being a part of this effort.
(This interview is audio-only. It contains raw footage used by Steven Okazaki in his 1985 film Unfinished Business.
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"00:08:03","links_children":"ddr-densho-1012-14","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":112,"namepart":"Lorraine Bannai"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Steven Okazaki","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"October 1983","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Lorraine Bannai narrator","download_large":"denshovh-blorraine-02-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Gardena California","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}