{"total":10,"limit":25,"offset":0,"prev_offset":null,"next_offset":null,"page_size":25,"this_page":1,"num_this_page":10,"prev_api":"","next_api":"","objects":[{"id":"ddr-densho-122-392","model":"entity","index":"0 0/{'value': 10, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-392/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-392/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/ddr-densho-122-392-mezzanine-5757d47126-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/ddr-densho-122-392-mezzanine-5757d47126-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter to Director, FBI","description":"Discussing plans for pre-induction physicals as camps and possibility of Nisei refusal","extent":"8.5W x 11H","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-392","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Draft resistance","id":"95"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","creation":"4/25/1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)","download_large":"ddr-densho-122-392-mezzanine-5757d47126-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-416-13","model":"entity","index":"1 1/{'value': 10, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-416-13/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-416-13/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-416/ddr-densho-416-13-mezzanine-2bd825e96c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-416/ddr-densho-416-13-mezzanine-2bd825e96c-a.jpg"},"title":"Yuhachi Miyagi's FBI file","description":"Photocopy of part of Yuhachi Miyagi's FBI files.  Includes dates of arrest, transfers, hearings and paroled.","extent":"8.5W x 11H","links_children":"ddr-densho-416-13","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Federal Bureau of Investigation"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath -- Arrest, searches, and seizures","id":"50"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Miyagi, Yuhachi"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","facility":[{"term":"Poston (Colorado River)","id":"2"}],"creation":"1942-1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Federal Bureau of Investigation author Miyagi, Yuhachi","download_large":"ddr-densho-416-13-mezzanine-2bd825e96c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-5-170","model":"entity","index":"2 2/{'value': 10, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-5-170/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-5-170/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-170-mezzanine-27ebe4b6bb-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-170-mezzanine-27ebe4b6bb-a.jpg"},"title":"Federal Bureau of Investigation Case file for Keizaburo Koyama. Page 2 of 4.","description":"Photocopy of a declassified file on Keizaburo Koyama by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. This page goes into greater detail the reasoning for interning Koyama. The FBI has labeled the Fatherland Society as \"one of the most aggressive and active of the Japanese nationalist organizations...It's members are selected by reason of their intense loyalty and belief in the deity of the Mikado.\" As for the Japanese Chamber of Commerce, the FBI noted the organization's fundraising efforts to support Japan during the Sino-Japanese War and for its goal of promoting Japanese culture abroad. The FBI felt that this was being done to the detriment of raising American born Japanese children as proper Americans. Per notes taken from Tomishichi Akiyama, a fellow Issei arrested by the FBI, the Japanese Association felt that they were under FBI surveillance and recommended greater secrecy during their meetings to avoid trouble.","extent":"1 photocopy: 8.50 W x 14 H","links_children":"ddr-one-5-170","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Quinn, Vincent M."}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath -- Decision to incarcerate","id":"203"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Koyama, Keizaburo"},{"namepart":"Quinn, Vincent M."},{"namepart":"Federal Bureau of Investigation"},{"namepart":"Sokoku Kai"},{"namepart":"Japanese Chamber of Commerce"},{"namepart":"Akiyama, Tomishichi"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon; Portland, Oregon","geography":[{"term":"Portland","id":"289"},{"term":"Japan","id":"108"}],"rights":"cc","genre":"blank_form","location":"Portland, Oregon","facility":[{"term":"Fort Missoula","id":"30"},{"term":"Camp Livingston","id":"55"}],"creation":"5/19/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Quinn, Vincent M. author Koyama, Keizaburo \nQuinn, Vincent M. \nFederal Bureau of Investigation \nSokoku Kai \nJapanese Chamber of Commerce \nAkiyama, Tomishichi","download_large":"ddr-one-5-170-mezzanine-27ebe4b6bb-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-5-171","model":"entity","index":"3 3/{'value': 10, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-5-171/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-5-171/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-171-mezzanine-54961a6449-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-171-mezzanine-54961a6449-a.jpg"},"title":"Federal Bureau of Investigation Case file for Keizaburo Koyama. Page 3 of 4.","description":"Photocopy of a declassified file on Keizaburo Koyama by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The report notes that cannot verify if the FBI actually had the Japanese Association under surveillance, but the secretive activities of the group warranted greater scrutiny. The FBI does not find Koyama to be a Japanese leader, but his continued financial support of Japan makes him susceptible to disloyalty. As such, United States Attorney General Francis Biddle ordered that he be interned.","extent":"1 photocopy: 8.50 W x 14 H","links_children":"ddr-one-5-171","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Quinn, Vincent M."}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath -- Decision to incarcerate","id":"203"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Koyama, Keizaburo"},{"namepart":"Quinn, Vincent M."},{"namepart":"Federal Bureau of Investigation"},{"namepart":"Japanese Chamber of Commerce"},{"namepart":"Sokoku Kai"},{"namepart":"Biddle, Frances"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon; Portland, Oregon","geography":[{"term":"Japan","id":"108"},{"term":"Portland","id":"289"}],"rights":"cc","genre":"blank_form","location":"Portland, oregon","facility":[{"term":"Fort Missoula","id":"30"},{"term":"Camp Livingston","id":"55"}],"creation":"5/19/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Quinn, Vincent M. author Koyama, Keizaburo \nQuinn, Vincent M. \nFederal Bureau of Investigation \nJapanese Chamber of Commerce \nSokoku Kai \nBiddle, Frances","download_large":"ddr-one-5-171-mezzanine-54961a6449-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-5-115","model":"entity","index":"4 4/{'value': 10, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-5-115/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-5-115/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-115-mezzanine-e0e8f88a07-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-115-mezzanine-e0e8f88a07-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter written on behalf of Keizaburo Koyama by Mr. and Mrs. A.C. Goodenough. Page 4 of 4.","description":"Photocopy of a declassified petition to Attorney General of the United States Francis Biddle on behalf of Dr. Koyama included in a letter to Dr. William G. Everson. The letter was undersigned by American citizens and friends of Dr. Koyama and attesting to their belief that he is a loyal individual and would bring no harm to the United States. They state that this letter is not a petition, but rather, \"a statement of facts\" to aid in the FBI investigation and to hasten his return to his wife and children. Please see 2016.23.04 for the typed statement of this letter.","extent":"1 photocopy: 8.50 W x 14 H","links_children":"ddr-one-5-115","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Goodenough, Mrs. A.C."}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Support from the non-Japanese American community","id":"80"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Goodenough, Mrs. A.C."},{"namepart":"Koyama, Dr. Kei"},{"namepart":"Federal Bureau of Investigation"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon; Portland, Oregon","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Portland, Oregon","creation":"January 21, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Goodenough, Mrs. A.C. author Goodenough, Mrs. A.C. \nKoyama, Dr. Kei \nFederal Bureau of Investigation","download_large":"ddr-one-5-115-mezzanine-e0e8f88a07-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-5-230","model":"entity","index":"5 5/{'value': 10, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-5-230/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-5-230/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-230-mezzanine-b55d52e89b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-230-mezzanine-b55d52e89b-a.jpg"},"title":"Typed and notarized letter from Teru Koyama to Edward J. Ennis, Director, Enemy Alien Control Unit. Page 3 of 13.","description":"Photocopy of a typed letter from Teru Koyama to Edward J. Ennis concerning the rehearing of Keizaburo Koyama's case. On the third page, Teru continues to explain her husband's involvement in the Nihonjin-Kai. She said before she was interned, she received a stack of letters addressed to her husband that the FBI had confiscated and later marked \"OK.\" They were letters of gratitude from Japan from people that her husband had assisted. In February of 1942, she was visited by an acquaintance of her husband. He mentioned that members of the Sokoku-kai were rounded up that morning. As her husband received their newsletter, she asked about the organization. The acquaintance said it was for extreme Japanese nationalists and was headed by Mitsuru Toyama. Mrs. Koyama said her husband often threw away his copy unread and unopened.","extent":"1 photocopy: 8.50 W x 14 H","links_children":"ddr-one-5-230","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Koyama, Teru"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Family reunification","id":"527"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Koyama, Teru"},{"namepart":"Koyama, Keizaburo"},{"namepart":"Federal Bureau of Investigation"},{"namepart":"War Relocation Authority"},{"namepart":"Sokoku Kai"},{"namepart":"Ennis, Edward J."}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon; Portland, Oregon","geography":[{"term":"Japan","id":"108"},{"term":"Portland","id":"289"},{"term":"Idaho","id":"491"}],"rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Hunt, Idaho","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"11/29/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Koyama, Teru author Koyama, Teru \nKoyama, Keizaburo \nFederal Bureau of Investigation \nWar Relocation Authority \nSokoku Kai \nEnnis, Edward J.","download_large":"ddr-one-5-230-mezzanine-b55d52e89b-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-5-232","model":"entity","index":"6 6/{'value': 10, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-5-232/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-5-232/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-232-mezzanine-cd0ea81f91-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-232-mezzanine-cd0ea81f91-a.jpg"},"title":"Typed and notarized letter from Teru Koyama to Edward J. Ennis, Director, Enemy Alien Control Unit. Page 5 of 13.","description":"Photocopy of a typed letter from Teru Koyama to Edward J. Ennis concerning the rehearing of Keizaburo Koyama's case. Mrs. Koyama details the efforts she and others have made on behalf of her husband. While her husband was incarcerated at Camp Livingston, Louisiana, Mrs. Koyama submitted numerous documents pertaining to her husband's educational history in the United States. She then found out that the Immigration and Naturalization Bureau did not have these documents and Mrs. Koyama had to turn back to Mrs. A.C. Goodenough to gather them up again. Mrs. Koyama heard from her husband that the Immigration and Naturalization Bureau was able to confirm his status as a legal resident due to a law from 1924. He was also able to track down the whereabouts of the stowaway. His name was Seizaburo Koyama and had returned to Japan several years prior. This was confirmed by the stowaway's brother who happened to be at the same camp as Keizaburo Koyama. After being transferred to Santa Fe, New Mexico, authorities urged Mr. Koyama to fully detail his story, which he did. At this point, Mrs. Koyama asks pointedly why the FBI did not investigate her husband's status at any time prior to the 1942 raids.","extent":"1 photocopy: 8.50 W x 14 H","links_children":"ddr-one-5-232","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Koyama, Teru"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Family reunification","id":"527"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Koyama, Teru"},{"namepart":"Koyama, Keizaburo"},{"namepart":"Ennis, Edward J."},{"namepart":"Federal Bureau of Investigation"},{"namepart":"Immigration and Naturalization Service"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon; Portland, Oregon","geography":[{"term":"Portland","id":"289"},{"term":"New Mexico","id":"502"},{"term":"Montana","id":"498"},{"term":"Idaho","id":"491"}],"rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Hunt, Idaho","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"},{"term":"Santa Fe","id":"27"},{"term":"Fort Missoula","id":"30"},{"term":"Fort Sill","id":"40"},{"term":"Camp Livingston","id":"55"}],"creation":"11/29/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Koyama, Teru author Koyama, Teru \nKoyama, Keizaburo \nEnnis, Edward J. \nFederal Bureau of Investigation \nImmigration and Naturalization Service","download_large":"ddr-one-5-232-mezzanine-cd0ea81f91-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-21-1","model":"entity","index":"7 7/{'value': 10, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-21-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-21-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-21/ddr-csujad-21-1-mezzanine-accb57f405-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-21/ddr-csujad-21-1-mezzanine-accb57f405-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Frank Herron Smith to J. H. Peiper, Federal Bureau of Investigation, May 4, 1945","description":"Smith urges FBI action be taken to stop injustices done to Japanese American citizens during World War II. Letter mentions correspondence from a Japanese pastor in Livingston, California, near Modesto and Merced, describing \"no less than eight shooting incidents in which night-riders have shot into the homes of our church members.\" Smith also describes shooting and arson incidents at Orisi, Selma, Concord, Santa, Cressy, and Livingston; bemoans the \"inept[itude]\" and \"inefficien[cy]\" of \"country sheriffs\" and the legal system in holding perpetrators responsible for such incidents; and mentions that he and others, who had not favored resettling people until after the war, will work to protect those loyal to the United States. Smith states that these incidents are a \"disgrace to our country,\" especially in light of the UNCIO Conference [The United Nations Conference on International Organization]. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/306\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">065-1-a-01-01-01</a>","extent":"1 page ; typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-21-1","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Smith, Frank Herron, 1879-1965"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Violence","id":"186"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- \"Resettlement\"","id":"104"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Special Collections and Archives, Robert E. Kennedy Library, California Polytechnic State University","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"[Berkeley,] California","creation":"5/4/1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Smith, Frank Herron, 1879-1965 author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-21-1-mezzanine-accb57f405-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-24-208","model":"entity","index":"8 8/{'value': 10, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-24-208/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-24-208/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-24/ddr-csujad-24-208-mezzanine-d345055675-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-24/ddr-csujad-24-208-mezzanine-d345055675-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Robert J. Walsh Jr., Chief, Freedom of Information/Privacy Office, Department of the Army, to Michi Weglyn, July 23, 1990","description":"A letter from Robert J. Walsh Jr., Chief, Freedom of Information/Privacy Office, Department of the Army, to Michi Weglyn. The letter is a response to Weglyn's 1988 Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), regarding records on the Japanese American Citizenship League (JACL). See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">chi_74_06_001</a>","extent":"25 pages, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-24-208","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Walsh Jr., Robert J."}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Japanese American Citizens League activities","id":"400"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service","id":"88"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Department of Special Research Collections, UC Santa Barbara Library","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Fort Meade, Maryland","creation":"7/23/1990","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Walsh Jr., Robert J. author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-24-208-mezzanine-d345055675-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-5-154","model":"entity","index":"9 9/{'value': 10, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-5-154/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-5-154/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-154-mezzanine-4e00184dea-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-154-mezzanine-4e00184dea-a.jpg"},"title":"Department of Justice Alien Enemy Hearing Board Report and Recommendation page 2 of 4","description":"Photocopy of a declassified report detailing the reasoning behind the recommendation that Dr. Keizaburo Koyama be interned as an alien enemy. The second page presents as evidence his involvement with the Sokoku Kai [Fatherland Society]. The FBI felt that this lead to a \"sense of loyalty and subservience to the Imperial Government of Japan.\" The FBI billed the Sokoku Kai as \"one of the most aggressive and active of the Japanese nationalist organizations\" and selected members for \"their intense loyalty and belief in the deity of the Mikado.\" Dr. Koyama's involvement and subsequent fundraising for the Japanese Chamber of Commerce also played a key part in their decision as they felt this organization \"retarded\" the Americanization of American-born Japanese.","extent":"1 photocopy: 8.50 W x 14 H","links_children":"ddr-one-5-154","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Everson, William G."},{"role":"author","namepart":"Clark, Alfred E."},{"role":"author","namepart":"Scott, Leslie M."},{"role":"United States District Attorney","namepart":"Donaugh, Carl C."}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath -- Decision to incarcerate","id":"203"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Everson, William G."},{"namepart":"Clark, Alfred E."},{"namepart":"Scott, Leslie M."},{"namepart":"Donaugh, Carl C."},{"namepart":"Koyama, Keizaburo"},{"namepart":"U.S. Department of Justice"},{"namepart":"Sokoku Kai"},{"namepart":"Federal Bureau of Investigation"},{"namepart":"Japanese Association of Portland"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon; Portland, Oregon","geography":[{"term":"Japan","id":"108"},{"term":"Portland","id":"289"}],"rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Portland, Oregon","facility":[{"term":"Fort Missoula","id":"30"}],"creation":"February 12, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Everson, William G. author \nClark, Alfred E. author \nScott, Leslie M. author \nDonaugh, Carl C. 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