(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:51:05","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-402","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":651,"namepart":"Sam Araki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr010b43v","namepart":"Araki, Minoru"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Jose, California","creation":"March 21, 2012","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sam Araki narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Araki, Minoru 88922nr010b43v","download_large":"denshovh-asam-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"661","model":"narrator","index":"12 387/{'value': 480, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/661/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/661/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kjack.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kjack.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/661/interviews/"},"display_name":"Jack Y. Kubota","bio":"Nisei male. May 4, 1929, in Pasadena, California. Grew up El Centro, California, where father was a truck farmer. During World War II, removed with family to the Poston (Colorado River) concentration camp, Arizona. After leaving camp, lived for a time in Colorado Springs, Colorado, and joined the navy. Graduated from college in San Diego and became an engineer."},{"id":"634","model":"narrator","index":"13 388/{'value': 480, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/634/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/634/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/shy.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/shy.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/634/interviews/"},"display_name":"Hy Shishino","bio":"Nisei male. Born June 25, 1924, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in the Los Angeles area where parents owned a flower shop. During World War II removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Gila River concentration camp, Arizona. Left camp and worked in Minneapolis, Minnesota, for several years before returning to Los Angeles."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1002-10","model":"entity","index":"14 389/{'value': 480, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1002-10/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1002-10/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-yhisaye-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-yhisaye-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Hisaye Yamamoto Interview","description":"Nisei female. Born August 23, 1921, in Redondo Beach, California. Raised in California before mass removal to Parker Dam Assembly Center, Arizona, which was later converted into Poston concentration camp. An aspiring writer, worked for the camp newspaper, the Poston Chronicle, while incarcerated. After leaving camp, returned to California and worked for the Los Angeles Tribune. In 1988, published a book titled Seventeen Syllables and other stories. Hisaye received an American Book Award for Lifetime Achievement from the Before Columbus Foundation, and several of her short stories were adapted into a PBS film, \"Hot Summer Winds.\"
(This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"01:21:34","links_children":"ddr-densho-1002-10","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":143,"namepart":"Hisaye Yamamoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Chizu Omori"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Emiko Omori"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Emiko Omori and Witt Mons"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0120j20","namepart":"Yamamoto, Hisaye"}],"contributor":"Emiko and Chizuko Omori Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"March 21, 1994","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hisaye Yamamoto narrator \nChizu Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori and Witt Mons videographer Yamamoto, Hisaye 88922nr0120j20","download_large":"denshovh-yhisaye-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"44","model":"narrator","index":"15 390/{'value': 480, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/44/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/44/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kkenge.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kkenge.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/44/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kenge Kobayashi","bio":"Nisei male. Born July 25, 1926, in the Imperial Valley, California. Incarcerated at the Tulare Assembly Center, California, Gila River concentration camp, Arizona, and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. In his interview, he discusses his memories of Tule Lake concentration camp after it became a segregation center, including the killing of a camp inmate rioting, implementation of martial law, and pressures to participate in pro-Japanese activities."},{"id":"860","model":"narrator","index":"16 391/{'value': 480, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/860/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/860/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yeiko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yeiko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/860/interviews/"},"display_name":"Eiko Yamaichi","bio":"Nisei female. Born October 25, 1924, in Seattle, Washington. Grew up in Snoqualmie, Washington, where father worked for the Weyerhaeuser company before the war. During World War II, removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Later transferred to the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas, and the Gila River concentration camp, Arizona. After leaving camp, worked in domestic service in California."},{"id":"1015","model":"narrator","index":"17 392/{'value': 480, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1015/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1015/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-524_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-524_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1015/interviews/"},"display_name":"Amy Uyematsu","bio":"Sansei female. Born in 1947 in Pasadena, California. Parents were incarcerated at the Manzanar concentration camp, California, and Gila River concentration camp, Arizona, during World War II. Graduated from the University of California at Los Angeles with a mathematics degree. Taught math for more than thirty years in the Los Angeles Unified Schools. Began publishing poetry in the 1990s and is the author of six poetry anthologies."},{"id":"1056","model":"narrator","index":"18 393/{'value': 480, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1056/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1056/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-phljacl-1-3_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-phljacl-1-3_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1056/interviews/"},"display_name":"Noboru Richard Horikawa","bio":"Nisei male. Born 1926 in San Francisco, California. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, moved with family to stay with relatives in Watsonville, California. During World War II, removed to the Salinas Assembly Center, California, then to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. Left camp early to attend school in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Drafted into the military and served with the Military Intelligence Service in Tokyo. "},{"id":"494","model":"narrator","index":"19 394/{'value': 480, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/494/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/494/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/itoshiro.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/itoshiro.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/494/interviews/"},"display_name":"Toshiro Izumi","bio":"Nisei male. Born May 7, 1918, in Villa Park, California. Grew up on Terminal Island, California, where father was a fisherman. During World War II, removed to the Tulare Assembly Center, California, and the Gila River concentration camp, Arizona. After leaving camp, relocated to Detroit, Michigan, before being drafted into the Military Intelligence Service. Served in Japan as an interpreter during the war crimes trials. Eventually returned to California."},{"id":"850","model":"narrator","index":"20 395/{'value': 480, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/850/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/850/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mmasako_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mmasako_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/850/interviews/"},"display_name":"Masako Murakami","bio":"Sansei female. Born March 27, 1934, in San Francisco, California. Parents were both Kibei from Seattle, Washington, and Bakersfield, California. Grew up in San Francisco, California, where father was in sales. During World War II, removed to the Gila River concentration camp, Arizona. After father signed \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire,\" transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, returned to San Francisco."},{"id":"ddr-pc-28-48","model":"entity","index":"21 396/{'value': 480, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-28-48/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-28-48/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-28/ddr-pc-28-48-mezzanine-44f15b3354-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-28/ddr-pc-28-48-mezzanine-44f15b3354-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 43, No. 22 (November 30, 1956)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Central California JACL officers to be installed en masse Dec. 2\" (p. 1), \"Issei mainlanders more Americanized\" (p. 1), \"Separate statehood bills may succeed, says Engle; \"Arizona Nuptial Law Test Case May be Blooped\" (p. 1), \"Democracy in Japan should be reconsidered\" (p. 2), \"'No' Votes on Prop. 13 viewed as strong testimonial for ever present need of JACL\" (p. 3), \"Protest frat bias of Chinese student\" (p. 3), \"Kono Breaks Olympic Weightlift Record in Light-Heavy Division\" (p. 6), \"Japan selecting 2nd group of temporary farm labor for U.S.\" (p. 8), \"Tatsuno named 'Optimist of Year' for outstanding service to San Jose youth\" (p. 8).","extent":"11.5W x 17H","links_children":"ddr-pc-28-48","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Murayama, Tamotsu"},{"namepart":"Kashiki, John"},{"namepart":"Tajiri, Larry S."},{"namepart":"Suzuki, Gennosuke"},{"namepart":"Okuno, Roy N."},{"namepart":"Yoshida, Roy"},{"namepart":"Kushida, Tats"},{"namepart":"Matsumura, James"},{"namepart":"Kawano, Fred"},{"namepart":"Murai, Koh"},{"namepart":"Shitara, Setsu"},{"namepart":"Honda, Harry"},{"namepart":"Oyama, Mary"},{"namepart":"Takata, Al"},{"namepart":"Ogawa, Elmer"},{"namepart":"Goto, George"},{"namepart":"Kono, Tommy"},{"namepart":"Maekawa, Choken"},{"namepart":"Furuya, George"},{"namepart":"Mori, Henry"},{"namepart":"Sakamoto, Danny"},{"namepart":"Satoda, Mako"},{"namepart":"Shintani, Jamie T."},{"namepart":"Toda, Kumao"},{"namepart":"Ishikawa, Sam"},{"namepart":"Kasai, Alice"},{"namepart":"Tatsuno, Dave"},{"namepart":"Ishizue, Takashi"},{"namepart":"Takanishi, Koichiro"}],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"November 30, 1956","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Hosokawa, Bill \nMurayama, Tamotsu \nKashiki, John \nTajiri, Larry S. \nSuzuki, Gennosuke \nOkuno, Roy N. \nYoshida, Roy \nKushida, Tats \nMatsumura, James \nKawano, Fred \nMurai, Koh \nShitara, Setsu \nHonda, Harry \nOyama, Mary \nTakata, Al \nOgawa, Elmer \nGoto, George \nKono, Tommy \nMaekawa, Choken \nFuruya, George \nMori, Henry \nSakamoto, Danny \nSatoda, Mako \nShintani, Jamie T. \nToda, Kumao \nIshikawa, Sam \nKasai, Alice \nTatsuno, Dave \nIshizue, Takashi \nTakanishi, Koichiro","download_large":"ddr-pc-28-48-mezzanine-44f15b3354-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38-288","model":"entity","index":"22 397/{'value': 480, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-288/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38-288/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-288-mezzanine-76c8bd79e0-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-288-mezzanine-76c8bd79e0-a.jpg"},"title":"Lumbering","description":"Photographed are male incarcerees lumbering. The handwritten note on the back side reads: We would bring the wood into the camp and prepare for the winter. We will cut 5000 acres of trees. We cut ___ acres last year. We will cut 10,000 acres total. [In Japanese]. The photo was sent from Sally Sakaye Sasaki at the Jerome camp to Mitzi Masukawa Naohara at the Poston camp in Arizona. A photo from: Mitzi Naohara photo album (csudh_nao_0200), page 16. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: nao_02_16_011","extent":"black and white, 2 x 2 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38-288","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Work and jobs","id":"76"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Timber","id":"9"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Nevada","id":"501"}],"format":"img","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Denson, Arkansas","facility":[{"term":"Jerome","id":"6"}],"creation":"1942-1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-288-mezzanine-76c8bd79e0-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38-280","model":"entity","index":"23 398/{'value': 480, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-280/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38-280/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-280-mezzanine-6e8791fc1f-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-280-mezzanine-6e8791fc1f-a.jpg"},"title":"Xmas","description":"Photographed are young children incarcerated at the Jerome camp in Arkansas. It was taken during a Christmas event. The caption reads: Xmas, 1942, Denson, Arkansas. Title from caption. The handwritten note on the back side reads: Christmas day, Dec. 25, 1942. The photo was sent from Sally Sakaye Sasaki at the Jerome camp to Mitzi Masukawa Naohara at the Poston camp in Arizona. A photo from: Mitzi Naohara photo album (csudh_nao_0200), page 16. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: nao_02_16_003","extent":"black and white, 2.25 x 3 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38-280","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Holidays and festivals","id":"71"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Children","id":"509"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Denson, Arkansas","facility":[{"term":"Jerome","id":"6"}],"creation":"15700","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-280-mezzanine-6e8791fc1f-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38-270","model":"entity","index":"24 399/{'value': 480, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-270/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38-270/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-270-mezzanine-b2916634b7-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-270-mezzanine-b2916634b7-a.jpg"},"title":"Lucy Nishina and Emiko Sasaki","description":"Photographed are two young female children, Lucy Nishina and Emiko Sasaki, siting in front of a barrack, \"I. Sasaki, S-09-F,\" at the Jerome camp in Arkansas. The handwritten note on the back side reads: Lucy and Emiko, taken Nov. 1. 1942. The photo was sent from Sally Sakaye Sasaki at the Jerome camp to Mitzi Masukawa Naohara at the Poston camp in Arizona. A photo from: Mitzi Naohara photo album (csudh_nao_0200), page 15. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: nao_02_15_006","extent":"black and white, 3 x 2 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38-270","topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Children","id":"509"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Denson, Arkansas","facility":[{"term":"Jerome","id":"6"}],"creation":"15646","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-270-mezzanine-b2916634b7-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"California; Arizona;","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}