(This interview was conducted by the Japanese American Museum of San Jose, and is part of a project entitled \"Lasting Stories: The Resettlement of San Jose Japantown,\" a collaborative project between the Japanese American Museum of San Jose and Densho.)","extent":"01:36:59","links_children":"ddr-jamsj-2-6","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":195,"namepart":"Dave Tatsuno"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Aggie Idemoto"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Mike Izumi"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zs7j","namepart":"Tatsuno, David Masaharu"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of San Jose Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Jose, California","creation":"January 20, 2005","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Dave Tatsuno narrator \nAggie Idemoto interviewer \nMike Izumi videographer Tatsuno, David Masaharu 88922nr015zs7j","download_large":"denshovh-tdave-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"444","model":"narrator","index":"3 453/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/444/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/444/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/oart.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/oart.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/444/interviews/"},"display_name":"Art Okuno","bio":"Nisei male. Born September 15, 1921, in San Francisco, California. Grew up in San Francisco, and was attending the University of California at Berkeley when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Removed with family to the Pomona Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. While in Heart Mountain, served as scoutmaster for a Boy Scout troop. After leaving camp, eventually returned to San Francisco, was drafted, and served one year in the military."},{"id":"417","model":"narrator","index":"4 454/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/417/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/417/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ntetsujiro.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ntetsujiro.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/417/interviews/"},"display_name":"Tetsujiro \"Tex\" Nakamura","bio":"Nisei male. Born July 16, 1917, in San Francisco, California. Grew up in Sacramento, and graduated from UC Berkeley in 1939. During World War II, was removed to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Voluntarily stayed in Tule Lake after it was designated a Segregation Center, and worked in the legal aid office. Assisted attorney Wayne Collins in filing cases to restore the U.S. citizenship of Nisei who had renounced their citizenship under government duress."},{"id":"370","model":"narrator","index":"5 455/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/370/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/370/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tdonald.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tdonald.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/370/interviews/"},"display_name":"Donald K. Tamaki","bio":"Sansei male. Born May 26, 1951, in Oakland, California. Received law degree from UC Berkeley. In the 1980s, served as a member of the pro bono legal team for Korematsu v. United States, a lawsuit to overturn a 40 year old conviction for refusal to obey exclusion orders aimed at Japanese Americans during World War II, originally upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court in landmark decisions."},{"id":"ddr-pc-28-46","model":"entity","index":"6 456/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-28-46/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-28-46/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-28/ddr-pc-28-46-mezzanine-a3d6bd0a07-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-28/ddr-pc-28-46-mezzanine-a3d6bd0a07-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 43, No. 20 (November 16, 1956)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Longtime JACLer wins 31st Dist. seat in Sac'to\" (p. 1), \"Nisei evacuated from Middle East, says Seattle wife\" (p. 1), \"Issei pioneers of No. California flower growing industry honored by Nisei\" (p. 1), \"Deep-rooted racial prejudice in housing noted in San Francisco Bay Area survey, gains in jobs, education cited by survey\" (p. 3), \"Kikko-man commercials on election night proves interesting to Japanese visitor\" (p. 7), \"Aspects of integration and effects on Nisei selected theme of CINO meet at Berkeley\" (p. 7), \"U.S. Supreme Court invalidates intrastate 'Jim Crow' bus travel'\" (p. 8), \"Supreme Court to hear Nisei citizenship case\" (p. 8).","extent":"11.5W x 17H","links_children":"ddr-pc-28-46","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Law and legislation -- Discriminatory laws","id":"177"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Mizukami, Bob"},{"namepart":"Hirabayashi, Gordon K."},{"namepart":"Minami, Tsunezo"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Murayama, Tamotsu"},{"namepart":"Tajiri, Larry S."},{"namepart":"Moriyama, Iwao"},{"namepart":"Kushida, Tats"},{"namepart":"Kubo, Harry"},{"namepart":"Nishioka, Joseph"},{"namepart":"Honda, Harry K."},{"namepart":"Nishikawa, Roy"},{"namepart":"Inagaki, George"},{"namepart":"Takagi, Calvin"},{"namepart":"Ogawa, Elmer"},{"namepart":"Mori, Henry"},{"namepart":"Ishikawa, Sam"}],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"November 16, 1956","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Mizukami, Bob \nHirabayashi, Gordon K. \nMinami, Tsunezo \nHosokawa, Bill \nMurayama, Tamotsu \nTajiri, Larry S. \nMoriyama, Iwao \nKushida, Tats \nKubo, Harry \nNishioka, Joseph \nHonda, Harry K. \nNishikawa, Roy \nInagaki, George \nTakagi, Calvin \nOgawa, Elmer \nMori, Henry \nIshikawa, Sam","download_large":"ddr-pc-28-46-mezzanine-a3d6bd0a07-a.jpg"},{"id":"616","model":"narrator","index":"7 457/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/616/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/616/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mkiyo_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mkiyo_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/616/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kiyo Maruyama","bio":"Nisei male. Born August 28, 1920, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in the Glendale area, where father ran a gardening business. Was in college at UC Berkeley when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. Left camp to work in Chicago. Drafted into the army and served with the Military Intelligence Service in Japan. Returned to California and started an accounting firm. Became involved in many community organizations in Los Angeles."},{"id":"862","model":"narrator","index":"8 458/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/862/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/862/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/dflorence.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/dflorence.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/862/interviews/"},"display_name":"Florence Ohmura Dobashi","bio":"Nisei female. Born October 26, 1927, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in several cities in California where father was a minister, but was living in Riverside, California, when World War II broke out. During the war, removed to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. Left camp to finish high school in Ohio, then attended UC Berkeley and UCLA. After the war, worked for attorney Wayne Collins while he fought on behalf of Japanese Americans who renounced their U.S. citizenship in the camps."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-275","model":"entity","index":"9 459/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-275/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-275/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hfred_2-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hfred_2-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Fred Y. Hoshiyama Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born December 7, 1914, in Livingston, California, where parents helped to establish a farming community called the Yamato Colony. Lost father at a young age, and moved to San Francisco, California, before World War II, and attended Berkeley. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, was removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. While in camp, worked to organize YMCA programs for Japanese American youths. Left camp early to attend Springfield College in Massachusetts. Began a lifelong career with the YMCA, notably developing NYPUM (National Youth Program Using Mini-Bikes), a program aimed at engaging high-risk youth in productive activities.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"03:03:26","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-275","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":455,"namepart":"Fred Y. Hoshiyama"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0126h22","namepart":"Hoshiyama, Fred Yachio"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Culver City, California","creation":"February 25, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Fred Y. Hoshiyama narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Hoshiyama, Fred Yachio 88922nr0126h22","download_large":"denshovh-hfred_2-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"313","model":"narrator","index":"10 460/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/313/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/313/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nted.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nted.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/313/interviews/"},"display_name":"Ted Nagata","bio":"Sansei male. Born October 5, 1935, in Santa Monica, California. Raised in Berkeley, California, where father worked as a salesman. Removed to Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and Topaz concentration camp, Utah. Mother had difficult time in camp. Family was one of the last to leave Topaz. Resettled in Salt Lake City and, with sister, sent to St. Ann's Orphanage for one year. Attended West High School and University of Utah. Received Master's degree in commercial design. Operated successful graphic design firm in Salt Lake City until retirement."},{"id":"1008","model":"narrator","index":"11 461/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1008/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1008/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-516_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-516_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1008/interviews/"},"display_name":"Sam Mihara","bio":"Nisei male. Born February 1, 1933, in San Francisco, California. Grew up in San Francisco's Japantown, where father edited a bilingual newspaper. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to the Pomona Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. After leaving camp, lived for a time in Salt Lake City, Utah, before returning home to San Francisco. Graduated from UC Berkeley and worked for Boeing. In retirement, traveled all over the U.S. and internationally speaking about World War II experiences."},{"id":"1080","model":"narrator","index":"12 462/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1080/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1080/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-544_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-544_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1080/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kathy Nishimoto Masaoka","bio":"Sansei female. Born May 7, 1948, in the Boyle Heights neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. Grew up in Boyle Heights, attending the Maryknoll Catholic School. Went to the University of California, Berkeley, during the Asian American Studies movement. Involved in numerous activist community groups in Los Angeles, such as the Asian Women's Group and the Community Workers Collective. Worked for causes in Little Tokyo related to youth, workers' rights, and housing. Worked on the redress movement, particularly in outreach and education."},{"id":"ddr-pc-43-48","model":"entity","index":"13 463/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-43-48/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-43-48/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-43/ddr-pc-43-48-mezzanine-93e6af432b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-43/ddr-pc-43-48-mezzanine-93e6af432b-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol 73, No. 23 (December 3, 1971)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Nat'l JACL in year end look at budget, program, staff\" (p. 1), \"Central California: Hirabayashi challenges Nisei to fight all inequities\" (p. 1), \"PNWDC-IDC bid for full time JACL staff man\" (p. 1), \"U.S.-Japan ties in troubled state, because U.S. insensitive to Japanese\" (p. 1), \"Parents troubled by drug abuse, delinquency meet for self-help\" (p. 1), \"San Francisco redevelopment: Construction starts on fifth building in Nihonmachi, five more due in 1972\" (p. 1), \"Fertility study of women in U.S. and Japan part of cancer survey\" (p. 2), \"'Executive 9066' photo exhibit opens in San Francisco, Berkeley, Jan. 6\" (p. 3), \"'Trustworthiness' of Japan continues to drop in latest survey of Americans\" (p. 6)","extent":"14.5W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-43-48","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"December 3, 1971","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-43-48-mezzanine-93e6af432b-a.jpg"},{"id":"1065","model":"narrator","index":"14 464/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1065/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1065/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-phljacl-1-13_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-phljacl-1-13_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1065/interviews/"},"display_name":"Hiroshi Uyehara","bio":"Nisei male. Born January 1, 1916, in Oakland, California. Grew up in the Los Angeles area where father started a fish cake factory. Attended UCLA and UC Berkeley and then worked as an electrical draftsman for the Department of Water and Power for the City of Los Angeles. After Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, discharged from civil service job. Removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Rohwer concentration camp, Arkansas. Left camp and moved to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and established a career with the Westinghouse Electric Corporation in Lester, Pennsylvania."},{"id":"126","model":"narrator","index":"15 465/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/126/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/126/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ygeorge.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ygeorge.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/126/interviews/"},"display_name":"George Yoshida","bio":"Nisei male. Born April 9, 1922, in Seattle, Washington. Parents immigrated from Japan in the early 1900s. Attended Bailey Gatzert Elementary School and Washington Middle School in Seattle before his family moved to East Los Angeles in 1936. Incarcerated in Poston Detention Camp #1, Arizona, in April 1942. While in camp, helped organize the \"Music Makers,\" a dance band. Left Poston for Chicago in 1943, and was drafted into the U.S. Army. Underwent basic training in the armored (tank) corps at Fort Knox, Kentucky, and was subsequently assigned to the Military Intelligence Language School at Fort Snelling, Minnesota. Married Helen Furuyama in 1945, and moved to Berkeley, California, and later to El Cerrito, a neighboring community. George earned his teaching credential and taught in the Berkeley School District for thirty-five years. He raised four children: Cole, Clay, Maia and Lian. Organized the J-Town Jazz Ensemble, a 17-piece swing band based in San Francisco, which performs at community events and festivals. Author of the book Reminiscing in Swingtime: Japanese Americans in American Popular Music, 1925-1960, published by the National Japanese American Historical Society, San Francisco, California."},{"id":"371","model":"narrator","index":"16 466/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/371/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/371/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yeric.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yeric.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/371/interviews/"},"display_name":"Eric K. Yamamoto","bio":"Sansei male. Born 1952 in Honolulu, Hawaii. Attended law school at UC Berkeley, California and became involved with the Asian Law Caucus. After graduating, returned to Hawaii. In the 1980s, left job in Hawaii and moved to the Bay Area to become a member of the pro bono legal team for Korematsu v. United States, a lawsuit to overturn a 40 year old conviction for refusal to obey exclusion orders aimed at Japanese Americans during WWII, originally upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court in landmark decisions."},{"id":"320","model":"narrator","index":"17 467/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/320/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/320/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mnorman.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mnorman.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/320/interviews/"},"display_name":"Norman Mineta","bio":"Nisei male. Born November 12, 1931, in San Jose, California. During World War II, removed to Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. Graduated from the University of California at Berkeley, and served in the military as an intelligence officer in Japan and Korea. Served on the San Jose City Council from 1967 to 1971, and as mayor of San Jose from 1967 to 1971. Served as U.S. Congressman from 1975 to 1995. While in Congress, was integral in the passage of H.R. 442, the Civil Liberties Act of 1988. Served as Secretary of Transportation from 2001 to 2006."},{"id":"898","model":"narrator","index":"18 468/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/898/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/898/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-450_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-450_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/898/interviews/"},"display_name":"Alan Nishio","bio":"Sansei male. Born August 9, 1945, at the Manzanar concentration camp, California, where his parents were incarcerated during World War II. Grew up in the Venice area of California, and became increasingly politically active while attending the University of California, Berkeley, during the Free Speech Movement during the late 1960s. Earned a master's degree at the University of Southern California, then helped to found the UCLA Asian American Studies Center. Became an administrator at California State University, Long Beach, eventually advancing to the position of Associate Vice President, Student Services. Became a community activist in Los Angeles and helped to form several important community organizations such as the Little Tokyo People's Rights Organization and the Little Tokyo Service Center."},{"id":"195","model":"narrator","index":"19 469/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/195/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/195/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tdave.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tdave.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/195/interviews/"},"display_name":"Dave Tatsuno","bio":"Nisei male. Born March 31, 1913, in San Francisco, California. Spent difficult childhood years in San Francisco under care of a guardian while family lived in Japan. Graduated with a degree in business administration from the University of California at Berkeley before World War II. Removed to Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and then to Topaz concentration camp, Utah. While in Topaz, was permitted to travel around the country as a buyer for the camp co-op store, and also obtained permission to shoot home movie footage from within the camp itself. After World War II, established the Nichibei Bussan Department Store in San Jose's Japantown."},{"id":"455","model":"narrator","index":"20 470/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/455/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/455/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hfred_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hfred_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/455/interviews/"},"display_name":"Fred Y. Hoshiyama","bio":"Nisei male. Born December 7, 1914, in Livingston, California, where parents helped to establish a farming community called the Yamato Colony. Lost father at a young age, and moved to San Francisco, California, before World War II, and attended Berkeley. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, was removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. While in camp, worked to organize YMCA programs for Japanese American youths. Left camp early to attend Springfield College in Massachusetts. Began a lifelong career with the YMCA, notably developing NYPUM (National Youth Program Using Mini-Bikes), a program aimed at engaging high-risk youth in productive activities."},{"id":"998","model":"narrator","index":"21 471/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/998/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/998/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-506_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-506_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/998/interviews/"},"display_name":"Hubert Yoshida","bio":"Sansei male. Born April 20, 1939, in Salinas, California. Grew up in Watsonville, California, where father's parents farmed. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed with family to the Salinas Assembly Center, California, and the Poston concentration camp, Colorado. Lived for a time in Colorado before the family returned to farm in Watsonville. Attended school in Watsonville and eventually studied physics at UC Berkeley. Volunteered for the military and became an officer in the Marine Corps. Served overseas during the Vietnam War, earning a Bronze Star for service as a platoon commander during Operation Utah, one of the bloodiest battles of the Vietnam War. After leaving the Marine Corps, worked in the IT field with IBM and eventually as the CTO of Hitachi Vantara."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-36","model":"entity","index":"22 472/{'value': 486, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-36/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-36/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-kminoru-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-kminoru-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Minoru Kiyota Interview","description":"Kibei male, born October 12, 1923, in Seattle, Washington. Raised primarily in San Francisco, California, spending four years in Hiratsuka, Japan. Was incarcerated with his family at Topaz concentration camp, Utah. Refused to sign the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire,\" and as a consequence was moved to Tule Lake Segregation Center, California. In Tule, he renounced his U.S. citizenship in protest of the incarceration his treatment in camp, and the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire.\" Shortly thereafter he regretted his actions and attempted to rescind his decision. (It would be ten years before he would regain his citizenship.) After being released from Tule Lake in March 1946 he accepted a scholarship to College of the Ozarks, Arkansas, transferred to the University of California, Berkeley, and then served overseas in the U.S. Air Force Intelligence during the Korean War until his renunciation was discovered. After being dismissed from the air force he stayed in Japan, earning a master's and doctorate degree from Tokyo University. Published an autobiographical work in Japan entitled \"Nikkei hangyakuji,\" which was translated into English as \"Beyond Loyalty: The Story of a Kibei.\"
(This interview was conducted at the 1998 Tule Lake Pilgrimage held at Klamath Falls, Oregon and at the site of Tule Lake incarceration camp in California. 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Pickering (E. Whittier) ; Cal Jones (Alamitos) ; Eli Reece (Los Angeles) ; H. C. Hollingsworth (Sunnyside) ; Geo. Taylor (San Diego) ; W. Nahlon Perry (Ramona) ; Tennyson Lewis (Alamo) ; Joseph Peel (Pasadena) ; Wallace Gill (Bell) ; Chas. White (El Modeno) ; Geo. Williams (Huntington Park) ; H. R. Keates (Gen. Sup't.) ; John S. Kimber ; John Huff (Berkeley) ; Frank W. Dell (Whittier) ; Blanche F. Pickering (E. Whittier) ; Flora Mills (Whittier) ; A. Rosenberger (Pres. Evan'C. Bd.) ; Abram Astleford (Montebello). 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