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During World War II, the family was removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Following the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire\" in 1943, they transferred to the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. After leaving camp, both sisters moved to Walla Walla, Washington, where they remained after the war.\r\n<p></p>\r\nMary Kato was deaf at the time of the interview, and the interviewer's questions were displayed on a screen for her to read.","extent":"2:06:58","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-494","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":983,"namepart":"Mary Kato"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":984,"namepart":"Frances Kajita Nishi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Barbara Yasui"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0086z1v","namepart":"Kajita, Mary Miyoko"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr0086z37","namepart":"Kajita, Frances Tsuyako"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"March 17, 2022","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mary Kato narrator \nFrances Kajita Nishi narrator \nBarbara Yasui interviewer \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Kajita, Mary Miyoko 88922nr0086z1v\nKajita, Frances Tsuyako 88922nr0086z37","download_large":"ddr-densho-1000-494-1-mezzanine-9ad14192ea-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-15-8","model":"entity","index":"1 951/{'value': 1026, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-15-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-15-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-15/ddr-pc-15-8-mezzanine-1170383c1c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-15/ddr-pc-15-8-mezzanine-1170383c1c-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 16 No. 8 (February 25, 1943)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Nisei Citizenship Rights Upheld By Court. Federal Appellate Court Affirms Decision of Lower Tribunal in Test Suit of Native Sons Group\" (p. 1), \"Registration of Adult Evacuees Nears Completion\" (p. 1), 'Stiff Prison Sentences Given Men Who Attacked JACL Head\" (p. 1), \"Meatless Tuesdays, Fridays to Be Observed At Topaz Center\" (p. 1), \"27 Arrested By Authorities At Tule Lake. Group Alleged to Have Interfered with Registration at Camp\" (p. 2), \"New Santa Barbara Group Will Seek Permanent Exclusion of Evacuees from California Area\" (p. 2), \"Death Valley Camp Closed\" (p. 2), \"Consumers Paid 20 Millions More for Vegetables in L.A. Since Evacuation, Is Report\" (p. 3), \"Legality of Army Evacuation of Coast Japanese Argued In U.S. District Appeals Court\" (p. 3), \"Editorial: Segregating the Disloyal\" (p. 4), \"Citizenship Status of Nisei Joining Internees Unaffected\" (p. 8).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-15-8","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"February 25, 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-15-8-mezzanine-1170383c1c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-ajah-2-842","model":"entity","index":"2 952/{'value': 1026, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-ajah-2-842/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-ajah-2-842/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-ajah-2/ddr-ajah-2-842-mezzanine-6467ae3c54-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-ajah-2/ddr-ajah-2-842-mezzanine-6467ae3c54-a.jpg"},"title":"Selections from interview with Sachi Fudenna with photos","description":"Document titles:  Sachi Fudenna Recalls the Washington Township and Tanforan during World War II","extent":"Unknown","links_children":"ddr-ajah-2-842","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\") -- \"Evacuation Day\"","id":"190"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- Returning home","id":"106"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Living conditions","id":"67"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr008759x","namepart":"Kamiji, Sachiko Jane"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr0087587","namepart":"Kamiji, Sakue"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr008757j","namepart":"Kamiji, Kumachiyo"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr008760c","namepart":"Kamiji, Michiko Barbara"},{"namepart":"Kamiji, Sumiko"},{"namepart":"Kamiji, Kazuko"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr015vc9w","namepart":"Motoyoshi, Joshin"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr008g45v","namepart":"Motoyoshi, Merika"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr0125h34","namepart":"Fudenna, Takeo"}],"contributor":"Alameda Japanese American History Project","rights":"cc","genre":"transcription","facility":[{"term":"Tanforan","id":"15"},{"term":"Topaz (Central Utah)","id":"1"}],"creation":"August 19, 2022","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kamiji, Sachiko Jane 88922nr008759x\nKamiji, Sakue 88922nr0087587\nKamiji, Kumachiyo 88922nr008757j\nKamiji, Michiko Barbara 88922nr008760c\nKamiji, Sumiko \nKamiji, Kazuko \nMotoyoshi, Joshin 88922nr015vc9w\nMotoyoshi, Merika 88922nr008g45v\nFudenna, Takeo 88922nr0125h34","download_large":"ddr-ajah-2-842-mezzanine-6467ae3c54-a.jpg"},{"id":"112","model":"narrator","index":"3 953/{'value': 1026, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/112/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/112/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/blorraine.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/blorraine.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/112/interviews/"},"display_name":"Lorraine Bannai","bio":"Sansei female. Born 1955 in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in Gardena, California, surrounded by a large Japanese American community. Influenced by father's role in community and politics, and mother's emphasis on education. Attended University of California, Santa Barbara where she became increasingly aware of Japanese American history, issues of ethnic identity and racial inequality. Attended the University of San Francisco School of Law where she honed her commitment to political and social activism. Only a few years out of law school, she joined a team of lawyers working to reopen the Supreme Court's 1944 decision in Korematsu v. United States. Convicted of violating the exclusion order during World War II, Mr. Korematsu's case went all the way to the Supreme Court where the exclusion and incarceration of Japanese Americans was upheld as constitutional, based on the government's argument of \"military necessity.\" Through a petition for writ of error coram nobis (establishing that the case was premised on errors of fact withheld from the judge and the defense by the prosecution), the legal team reopened the case, provided evidence that the factual underpinnings to the exclusion orders were fraudulent, and successfully had the Korematsu conviction vacated, as well as a handful of other similar convictions. In this interview, Ms. Bannai discusses the coram nobis legal team, the support for the effort among the Japanese American community, and personal lessons gained from being a part of this effort."},{"id":"ddr-pc-29-9","model":"entity","index":"4 954/{'value': 1026, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-9/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-29-9/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-29/ddr-pc-29-9-mezzanine-2e93ea250e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-29/ddr-pc-29-9-mezzanine-2e93ea250e-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 44, No. 9 (March 1, 1957)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Noted Oregonians Honored for Wartime Service to Nisei, JACL\" (p. 1); Bill Hosokawa Promoted Post's Exec. News Ed\" (p. 1); Shonien 'red carp,' JACL 'pinwheel' on L.A. museum exhibit\" (p. 1); No. Calif. Japanese Americans launch $5,000 campaign for Immigration Museum\" (p. 1); \"Issei, Nisei, Sansei...Sensei\" (p. 2); \"Seek central camp in Orange County for Japan farm laborers\" (p. 3); \"Salt Lake JACL supports civil rights bill pending before Utah legislature\" (p. 3); \"Disneyland Hotel Reserved for Pacific Southwest Convention\" (p. 4); \"Repeal of Washington State Alien Land Law Motted by JACL\" (p. 5); \"JATB Travelers slap Zebras with 82-71 loss before over 500\" (p. 6); \"Bill Kajikawa resigns head basketball mentor post at Arizona State College\" (p. 6); \"Taul Watanabe in Japan sizing up new enterprises\" (p. 8); \"Ex-Tule Lake head to install cabinet at Santa Barbara\" (p. 8); \"Senate to vote on civil rights bill\" (p. 8); \"Honor new citizens at Snake River fete\" (p. 8)","extent":"11W x 17H","links_children":"ddr-pc-29-9","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Politics -- Lobbying","id":"238"},{"term":"Arts and literature -- Visual arts","id":"180"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Oregon","id":"284"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington","id":"290"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Community activities -- Sports","id":"24"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Journalism","id":"360"},{"term":"Redress and reparations -- Mobilizing and organizing the community","id":"111"},{"term":"Reflections on the past -- Exhibitions","id":"394"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"03/01/1957","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-29-9-mezzanine-2e93ea250e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-sjacl-2-40-9","model":"segment","index":"5 955/{'value': 1026, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-sjacl-2-40-9/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-sjacl-2-40-9/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-sjacl-2/ddr-sjacl-2-40-9-mezzanine-6393b3e167-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-sjacl-2/ddr-sjacl-2-40-9-mezzanine-6393b3e167-a.jpg"},"title":"In Memory of Kip Tokuda Interview Segment 9","description":"Kip's advocacy for the LGBTQ+ community","extent":"0:05:30","links_children":"ddr-sjacl-2-40-9","creators":[{"role":"narrator","id":1024,"namepart":"Janice Deguchi"},{"role":"narrator","id":1026,"namepart":"Akemi Matsumoto"},{"role":"narrator","id":1048,"namepart":"Rep. 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Two versions of photo, one with individuals identified and school history","extent":"Unknown","links_children":"ddr-ajah-6-605","topics":[{"term":"Education","id":"31"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr013vx29","namepart":"Koga, Shigeko Barbara"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr004qq9r","namepart":"Towata, Richard Saitaro"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr0110x1x","namepart":"Takagi, Makoto Henry"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr013h02d","namepart":"Hattori, Kazuye"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr016029w","namepart":"Inouye, Fujio Ray"},{"namepart":"Tsuchiya, HIkaru \"Scott\""},{"namepart":"Takagi, Kumagoro"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr016028d","namepart":"Inouye, Kanjiro"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr015vp2j","namepart":"Morita, Takuritsu"}],"contributor":"Alameda Japanese American History Project","rights":"cc","genre":"photograph","location":"Alameda, California","creation":"c. 1916","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Koga, Shigeko Barbara 88922nr013vx29\nTowata, Richard Saitaro 88922nr004qq9r\nTakagi, Makoto Henry 88922nr0110x1x\nHattori, Kazuye 88922nr013h02d\nInouye, Fujio Ray 88922nr016029w\nTsuchiya, HIkaru \"Scott\" \nTakagi, Kumagoro \nInouye, Kanjiro 88922nr016028d\nMorita, Takuritsu 88922nr015vp2j","download_large":"ddr-ajah-6-605-mezzanine-e44fc10e2c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-42-50","model":"entity","index":"17 967/{'value': 1026, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-42-50/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-42-50/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-50-mezzanine-3d3e2b8c66-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-50-mezzanine-3d3e2b8c66-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 71, No. 25 (December 18, 1970)","description":"Selected article titles: \"East Coast history of Japanese to be distinctive contribution\" (p. 1), \"National Constitution Japanese American Citizens League\" (p. 2), \"JACL chapter presidents\" (p. 4), \"JACL Bowling Tournament Champions\" (p. 7), \"The JACL Story: For Better Americans in a Greater America\" (p. 9), \"Heart Mountain WRA Camp residents sound off before a Dies Committee investigator\" (p. 13), \"Genesis of Pearl Harbor Attack\" (p. 25), \"Japan trip enhances need of Sansei to seek an Asian American identity\" (p. 37), \"Selected Bibliography Japanese in the United States\" (p. 49).\r\n\r\nThe holiday issue included advertisements bought by JACL members and chapters that included personal addresses and phone numbers to better foster communications between Japanese American communities. These addresses and phone numbers have been redacted to help protect the privacy of Japanese American communities. Please contact Densho to request the original version.","extent":"15W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-42-50","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Uno, Raymond"},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Beekman, Alan"},{"namepart":"Satow, Masao"},{"namepart":"Takei, George"},{"namepart":"Yoshida, Barbara"},{"namepart":"Maeda, Wayne"},{"namepart":"Hamanaka, Joe"},{"namepart":"Henry, Jim"},{"namepart":"Takasugi, Robert"},{"namepart":"Sakai, Ellen"},{"namepart":"Kano, Hiram"}],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"December 18, 1970","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Uno, Raymond \nMasaoka, Mike \nHosokawa, Bill \nBeekman, Alan \nSatow, Masao \nTakei, George \nYoshida, Barbara \nMaeda, Wayne \nHamanaka, Joe \nHenry, Jim \nTakasugi, Robert \nSakai, Ellen \nKano, Hiram","download_large":"ddr-pc-42-50-mezzanine-3d3e2b8c66-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-39-8","model":"entity","index":"18 968/{'value': 1026, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-39-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-39-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-39/ddr-pc-39-8-mezzanine-6ed80582d8-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-39/ddr-pc-39-8-mezzanine-6ed80582d8-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 64, No. 8 (February 24, 1967)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Politics in JACL undecided\" (p. 1), \"History Project manuscript by end of 1968 promised by Wilson\" (p. 1), \"Civil Service racial head count irks NAACP representative\" (p. 1), \"Better American, Better Japanese\" (p. 2), \"24,500 Orientals counted in L.A. city school district, 976 teaching\" (p. 3).","extent":"15W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-39-8","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Cross-racial relations","id":"38"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Enomoto, Jerry"},{"namepart":"Honda, Harry"},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Ogawa, Elmer"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Uda, Betty"},{"namepart":"Kumamoto, Alan"},{"namepart":"Endo, Barbara"},{"namepart":"Nakamura, Ellen"},{"namepart":"Nagata, George"},{"namepart":"Shimamoto, Kimi"},{"namepart":"Yasuhara, Edward Mark"},{"namepart":"Gima, Richard"},{"namepart":"Suzukida, Berry"},{"namepart":"Marutani, Bill"},{"namepart":"Hayasaka, Phil"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"February 24, 1967","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Enomoto, Jerry \nHonda, Harry \nMasaoka, Mike \nOgawa, Elmer \nHosokawa, Bill \nUda, Betty \nKumamoto, Alan \nEndo, Barbara \nNakamura, Ellen \nNagata, George \nShimamoto, Kimi \nYasuhara, Edward Mark \nGima, Richard \nSuzukida, Berry \nMarutani, Bill \nHayasaka, Phil","download_large":"ddr-pc-39-8-mezzanine-6ed80582d8-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-412-2","model":"entity","index":"19 969/{'value': 1026, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-412-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-412-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-412/ddr-densho-412-2-mezzanine-cdd40b391e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-412/ddr-densho-412-2-mezzanine-cdd40b391e-a.jpg"},"title":"Hayashi Family Photo","description":"Photograph of three generations of the Hayashi family posed in front of an American Flag. Back row left to right: Sueko Barbra Hayashi, Natsuye Ruth Hayashi, Torao Hayashi, Tomiko Jane (Hayashi) Noda and Yoshiko Louise (Hayashi) Kubo. Seated left to right: Ruby Hayashi, Ichimatsu Hayashi, Yoneyo (Ikeda) Hayashi holding Ronald Hayashi; Kazumi John Hayashi and Lorraine Sumiko (Yamauchi) Hayashi.  Standing in front left to right: Sharon Hayashi and Ichiro Dennis Hayashi.","extent":"unknown","links_children":"ddr-densho-412-2","topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Family","id":"46"}],"format":"img","language":[""],"persons":[{"namepart":"Hayashi, Ichimatsu"},{"namepart":"Hayashi, Yoneyo (Ikeda)"},{"namepart":"Hayashi, Ruby"},{"namepart":"Hayashi, Natsuye Ruth"},{"namepart":"Noda, Tomiko Jane (Hayashi)"},{"namepart":"Hayashi, Sueko Barbara"},{"namepart":"Kubo, Yoshiko Lousie (Hayashi)"},{"namepart":"Hayashi, Lorraine Sumiko (Yamauchi)"},{"namepart":"Hayashi, Kazumi John"},{"namepart":"Hayashi, Torao"},{"namepart":"Hayashi, Ichiro Dennis"},{"namepart":"Hayashi, Ronald"},{"namepart":"Hayashi, Sharon Ann"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"photograph","facility":[{"term":"Poston (Colorado River)","id":"2"}],"creation":"c. 1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hayashi, Ichimatsu \nHayashi, Yoneyo (Ikeda) \nHayashi, Ruby \nHayashi, Natsuye Ruth \nNoda, Tomiko Jane (Hayashi) \nHayashi, Sueko Barbara \nKubo, Yoshiko Lousie (Hayashi) \nHayashi, Lorraine Sumiko (Yamauchi) \nHayashi, Kazumi John \nHayashi, Torao \nHayashi, Ichiro Dennis \nHayashi, Ronald \nHayashi, Sharon Ann","download_large":"ddr-densho-412-2-mezzanine-cdd40b391e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-295","model":"entity","index":"20 970/{'value': 1026, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-295/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-295/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hart-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hart-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Art Hansen Interview I","description":"White male. 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Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:46:15","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-295","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":165,"namepart":"Art Hansen"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Jim Gatewood"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"July 30, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Art Hansen narrator \nJim Gatewood interviewer \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-hart-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-310","model":"entity","index":"21 971/{'value': 1026, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-310/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-310/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hart-03-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hart-03-a.jpg"},"title":"Art Hansen Interview II","description":"White male. Born October 10, 1938, in Hoboken, New Jersey. Education History: BA, MA, Ph.D. at University of California, Santa Barbara. Work History: Professor of History and Asian American Studies, California State University, Fullerton (1966-Present); Visiting Professor, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, 1979-1980; Editor, Oral History Review, 1980-1987; President, Southwest Oral History Association (1991-1992); President, Oral History Association (2002-2003); Senior Historian, Japanese American National Museum (2001-2005) Publications: Coeditor, Reflections on Shattered Windows: Promises and Prospects for Asian American Studies (Pullman, WA: Washington State University Press, 1987); Editor, Japanese American Evacuation World War II Oral History Project [five parts: Evacuees; Administrators; Analysts; Resisters; Guards and Townspeople] (Munich, Ger.: K. G. Saur, 1992-1995]. Awards/Honors:  James V. Mink Oral History Award, Southwest Oral History Association, 1988; Outstanding Teacher Award, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, California State University, Fullerton, 1996-1997; Distinguished Faculty Member, College of Humanities and Social Studies, California State University, Fullerton, 2001-2002.<p>(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:28:13","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-310","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":165,"namepart":"Art Hansen"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Jim Gatewood"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"December 6, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Art Hansen narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nJim Gatewood interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer","download_large":"denshovh-hart-03-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-483-93","model":"entity","index":"22 972/{'value': 1026, 'relation': 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Christianity","id":"396"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005t32k","namepart":"Nagai, Chiharu Betsy"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr005t34z","namepart":"Nagai, Takako Barbara"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr005tx8f","namepart":"Nakano, Chizuko"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr005tx5c","namepart":"Nakano, Shizue June"},{"namepart":"Nakano, Roy"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr010p57g","namepart":"Nakano, Takeo"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr005wd9j","namepart":"Oba, Calvin Hiroshi"},{"namepart":"Onishi, Sally"},{"namepart":"Reiko, Tanaka"},{"namepart":"Roseberry, George"},{"namepart":"Saito, Tets"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr0060x0m","namepart":"Shigeno, Takeo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Hunt, Idaho","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"c. spring 1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"New Herald staff creator Nagai, Chiharu Betsy 88922nr005t32k\nNagai, Takako Barbara 88922nr005t34z\nNakano, Chizuko 88922nr005tx8f\nNakano, Shizue June 88922nr005tx5c\nNakano, Roy \nNakano, Takeo 88922nr010p57g\nOba, Calvin Hiroshi 88922nr005wd9j\nOnishi, Sally \nReiko, Tanaka \nRoseberry, George \nSaito, Tets \nShigeno, Takeo 88922nr0060x0m","download_large":"ddr-densho-483-93-mezzanine-8ab46d4e7b-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-40-13","model":"entity","index":"23 973/{'value': 1026, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-40-13/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-40-13/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-40/ddr-pc-40-13-mezzanine-c0bd4680a2-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-40/ddr-pc-40-13-mezzanine-c0bd4680a2-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 66, No. 13 (March 29, 1968)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Role of mediator in civil rights pictured for JACL\" (p. 1), \"Fishing area name 'Japanese Point'\" (p. 1), \"Nisei a 'White' to Eyes of NAACP Man\" (p. 1), \"San Francisco to dedicate Japan cultural-trade center\" (p. 1), \"JACL Role in civil rights: interpret the problem\" (p. 1), \"New Nihonmachi to rise north of new San Francisco Japanese cultural center\" (p. 1), \"Japanese Cultural Festival in Seattle Calendared for July 12-14\" (p. 3), \"Seattle JACL to assist Orientals in applying for postal supervisor exams\" (p. 3).","extent":"15W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-40-13","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Fishing and canneries","id":"10"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- San Francisco","id":"273"},{"term":"Community activities -- Nihonmachi (\"Japantowns\")","id":"27"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- 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Masao W. \nSatoda, Yone \nMatsumura, Phil \nHayashi, Don","download_large":"ddr-pc-40-13-mezzanine-c0bd4680a2-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-23","model":"entity","index":"24 974/{'value': 1026, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-23/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-23/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hart-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hart-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Art Hansen Interview","description":"White male. Born October 10, 1938, in Hoboken, New Jersey. Education History: BA, MA, Ph.D. at University of California, Santa Barbara. Work History: Professor of History and Asian American Studies, California State University, Fullerton (1966-Present); Visiting Professor, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, 1979-1980; Editor, Oral History Review, 1980-1987; President, Southwest Oral History Association (1991-1992); President, Oral History Association (2002-2003); Senior Historian, Japanese American National Museum (2001-2005) Publications: Coeditor, Reflections on Shattered Windows: Promises and Prospects for Asian American Studies (Pullman, WA: Washington State University Press, 1987); Editor, Japanese American Evacuation World War II Oral History Project [five parts: Evacuees; Administrators; Analysts; Resisters; Guards and Townspeople] (Munich, Ger.: K. G. Saur, 1992-1995]. Awards/Honors:  James V. Mink Oral History Award, Southwest Oral History Association, 1988; Outstanding Teacher Award, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, California State University, Fullerton, 1996-1997; Distinguished Faculty Member, College of Humanities and Social Studies, California State University, Fullerton, 2001-2002.<p>(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, <i>Conscience and the Constitution</i>, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"01:48:49","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-23","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":165,"namepart":"Art Hansen"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"February 22, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Art Hansen narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-hart-01-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Barbara","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}