(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:59:42","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-289","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":506,"namepart":"Bruce T. Kaji"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr009j78q","namepart":"Kaji, Teruo Bruce"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"July 28, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Bruce T. Kaji narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Kaji, Teruo Bruce 88922nr009j78q","download_large":"denshovh-kbruce-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-60","model":"entity","index":"10 385/{'value': 414, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-60/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-60/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mtomio-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mtomio-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Tomio Moriguchi Interview II","description":"Ni-ten-gosei (Nisei/Sansei) male. Born April 16, 1936, in Tacoma, Washington. During World War II, was incarcerated with his family at the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After the war, resettled in Seattle's Nihonmachi, where his father reestablished the family business, Uwajimaya, selling Japanese foodstuff and other items. Worked at Uwajimaya throughout his childhood -- along with his seven brothers and sisters -- prior to and while attending Bailey Gatzert Elementary, Garfield High School, and the University of Washington. Worked at the Boeing Company before leaving to help run Uwajimaya, becoming CEO and President of Uwajimaya in 1965. In addition, served and held leadership positions in more than 40 civic, social, and professional organizations, and has received numerous honors and awards from both the Nikkei community, and the non-Nikkei mainstream. At the time of this interview, Uwajimaya was the largest food-related Japanese American owned business in the Pacific Northwest, remaining largely a \"family business.\"","extent":"02:55:28","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-60","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":60,"namepart":"Tomio Moriguchi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Becky Fukuda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Steve Hamada"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Small business -- Grocery stores","id":"371"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr010kf7v","namepart":"Moriguchi, Tomio"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"December 9, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tomio Moriguchi narrator \nBecky Fukuda interviewer \nSteve Hamada videographer Moriguchi, Tomio 88922nr010kf7v","download_large":"denshovh-mtomio-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-62","model":"entity","index":"11 386/{'value': 414, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-62/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-62/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mtomio-04-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mtomio-04-a.jpg"},"title":"Tomio Moriguchi Interview IV","description":"Ni-ten-gosei (Nisei/Sansei) male. Born April 16, 1936, in Tacoma, Washington. During World War II, was incarcerated with his family at the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After the war, resettled in Seattle's Nihonmachi, where his father reestablished the family business, Uwajimaya, selling Japanese foodstuff and other items. Worked at Uwajimaya throughout his childhood -- along with his seven brothers and sisters -- prior to and while attending Bailey Gatzert Elementary, Garfield High School, and the University of Washington. Worked at the Boeing Company before leaving to help run Uwajimaya, becoming CEO and President of Uwajimaya in 1965. In addition, served and held leadership positions in more than 40 civic, social, and professional organizations, and has received numerous honors and awards from both the Nikkei community, and the non-Nikkei mainstream. At the time of this interview, Uwajimaya was the largest food-related Japanese American owned business in the Pacific Northwest, remaining largely a \"family business.\"
(Filmed on location.)","extent":"00:50:58","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-62","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":60,"namepart":"Tomio Moriguchi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Becky Fukuda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Steve Hamada"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Small business -- Grocery stores","id":"371"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr010kf7v","namepart":"Moriguchi, Tomio"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"February 24, 2000","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tomio Moriguchi narrator \nBecky Fukuda interviewer \nSteve Hamada videographer Moriguchi, Tomio 88922nr010kf7v","download_large":"denshovh-mtomio-04-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-10","model":"entity","index":"12 387/{'value': 414, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-10/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-10/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kmits-03-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kmits-03-a.jpg"},"title":"Mits Koshiyama Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born August 7, 1924, in Mountain View, California. Grew up in the Santa Clara Valley, California, working on his family's leased strawberry farm. In June of 1942, he was involuntarily \"evacuated\" to Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, then to Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. Graduated from high school in camp and at the age of 19, refused induction into the military on the grounds that the incarceration violated his Constitutional rights as an American citizen. Served two years at McNeil Island federal penitentiary, Washington. Later resettled in California and established a flower nursery business with his brother.
(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"00:37:46","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-10","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":125,"namepart":"Mits Koshiyama"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zs24","namepart":"Koshiyama, Mitsuru"}],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"August 15 & 16, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mits Koshiyama narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer Koshiyama, Mitsuru 88922nr015zs24","download_large":"denshovh-kmits-03-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-400-17","model":"entity","index":"13 388/{'value': 414, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-400-17/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-400-17/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-17-1-mezzanine-3162fb3644-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-17-1-mezzanine-3162fb3644-a.jpg"},"title":"George Sakaye Nakano Interview","description":"George Sakaye Nakano was born on November 24, 1935, in the Boyle Heights neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. George's parents were Kibei, born in Hawaii, then educated in Japan before returning to the U.S. Nakano grew up in Los Angeles until he was six years old. When WWII started, the Nakano family was incarcerated in the concentration camps at Jerome, Arkansas, and Tule Lake, California. After the war, the Nakanos resettled in Norwalk and then East Los Angeles. Nakano graduated from John H. Francis Polytechnic High School in 1954 and worked at Hughes Aircraft while attending evening classes at El Camino College in Torrance and California State University, Los Angeles, where he earned his bachelor's degree in mathematics and his master's degree in education. Nakano was the first Japanese American elected to the Torrance City Council in 1984 and served four terms until he was elected to the California State Assembly in 1998. At the time of this interview, he was finishing his second four-year term.\r\n\r\nThis interview is part of the South Bay History Project created by the South Bay Chapter of the Japanese American Citizens League.","extent":"2:49:32","links_children":"ddr-densho-400-17","creators":[{"role":"narrator","id":592,"namepart":"George Sakaye Nakano"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Albert Muratsuchi"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"California","facility":[{"term":"Jerome","id":"6"},{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"May 16, 2004","status":"completed","search_hidden":"George Sakaye Nakano narrator \nAlbert Muratsuchi interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-400-17-1-mezzanine-3162fb3644-a.jpg"},{"id":"124","model":"narrator","index":"14 389/{'value': 414, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/124/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/124/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hbill.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hbill.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/124/interviews/"},"display_name":"Bill Hosokawa","bio":"Nisei male. Born in Seattle on January 30, 1915, and attended Washington grade school, Garfield High School and the University of Washington. He grew up as a typical Nisei, working summers in Alaska salmon canneries and Western Avenue produce brokerages to pay for his education. He became interested in writing at Garfield where he was sports editor of the school paper. While attending the University he worked at the weekly Japanese American Courier published by the late Jimmie Sakamoto. A faculty adviser at the University urged Hosokawa to drop out of the journalism school \"because no newspaper in the country would hire a Japanese boy.\" Hosokawa rejected the advice, but when he graduated in 1937 he found the professor was right. After working as a male secretary writing letters, Hosokawa and his bride, the former Alice Miyake of Portland, Oregon, went to Singapore in 1938 to help launch an English language daily. A year and a half later Hosokawa moved to Shanghai to work on an American-owned monthly magazine, the Far Eastern Review. Then, sensing the inevitability of war, he returned to Seattle in 1941 just five weeks before the attack on Pearl Harbor. When war came, Hosokawa served as executive director of Seattle JACL's Emergency Defense Council helping people in the community to cope. He and his family were removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington. When other Seattleites were moved to Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho, Hosokawa and his wife and infant son were sent to Heart Mountain, Wyoming. Later, he learned he had been separated from his Seattle friends because he was considered a potential troublemaker. He was in Heart Mountain for 14 months, working as editor of the camp newspaper, the Heart Mountain Sentinel, before being released to join the Des Moines, Iowa Register in 1943. In 1946 he moved to Denver to work on the Denver Post. In 38 years at The Post he held such assignments as executive news editor, assistant managing editor and Sunday editor. He covered the Japanese peace treaty in San Francisco in 1951, the Summit meeting in Paris in 1960 and the Zengakuren student riots in Japan that same year. He also had assignments as war correspondent in Korea and Vietnam, and for 17 years was editor of Empire, the Post's prize-winning Sunday magazine. For his last seven years at the Post Hosokawa was editor of the editorial page -- a Japanese American imprisoned during World War II as a potential security risk who now directed the opinion section of a major American newspaper. After retiring from the Post in 1984 he served the Rocky Mountain News as ombudsman columnist for seven years. Hosokawa has taught journalism classes at the University of Colorado, University of Northern Colorado and University of Wyoming. He wrote a weekly comment column called \"From the Frying Pan\" in JACL's weekly Pacific Citizen from 1942 until 1999. Among other honors, Hosokawa is a former president of the American Association of Sunday and Feature Editors and a member of that organization's Hall of Fame, a charter member of the Denver Press Club Hall of Fame. He was named JACL's Nisei of the Biennium in 1958, and has published 12 books. Hosokawa and his wife Alice, who died in 1998, had four children."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-8","model":"entity","index":"15 390/{'value': 414, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-8-mezzanine-f7fa85e213-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-8-mezzanine-f7fa85e213-a.jpg"},"title":"Looking ahead","description":"Term paper by Betty Hashimoto for period III Social Problems class taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. Before being sent to Manzanar, Betty had planned to attend Woodbury Business College and then get a job as a receptionist with solid accounting skills. Betty briefly mentions a need for the Nisei community to prove their loyalty to the \"motherland,\" America. She hopes to move to Chicago soon to work as a stenographer and to attend school to improve her accounting skills. Betty's mentions her proposed future husband was working as a doctor in New York and looking to volunteer for the Army. She proposed to delay plans for a family and then dives into a discussion on growing up with much older siblings and making friends with people older than herself. Finally, Betty discusses the useful information she learned in her Social Problems course. She will not go into the world ignorant, for ignorant people cannot hope to be successful. Betty concludes with the idea that her immediate future is in the hands of the War Relocation Authority. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9008. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0008","extent":"5 pages, 10 x 8 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-8","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Hashimoto, Betty"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"3/1/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hashimoto, Betty author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-8-mezzanine-f7fa85e213-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1021-5","model":"entity","index":"16 391/{'value': 414, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1021-5/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021-5/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-5-1-mezzanine-ec9df4a5e1-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-5-1-mezzanine-ec9df4a5e1-a.jpg"},"title":"Junji Sarashina Interview","description":"Junji Sarashina was born in 1929 in Lahaina, Hawai'i, the son of a minister of a Buddhist Temple Nishihongan-ji and a teacher of Japanese-style flower arrangement, music, sewing, and cooking. The youngest of five children, Sarashina grew up surrounded by temple members (mostly plantation workers) and their families who enjoyed community picnics and samurai films. When his mother took her children to her hometown of Hiroshima in 1936, Sarashina struggled with Japanese at first. But soon, he got used to things Japanese thanks to the accommodations made by his mother, siblings, and schoolteachers. His older sisters baked Western style cakes and cookies and offered them to Sarashina's schoolmates, helping him to become better accepted. After the Pacific War began, Sarashina's family lost touch with his father who was still in Hawai'i. Later, he learned that his father had been taken by the FBI immediately after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor. He was sent to the US mainland, then to a number of different incarceration camps. Sarashina as a junior high school student was mobilized to work at an ammunition factory when the nuclear bomb struck Hiroshima. Although he was not injured, he was irradiated as he entered the city to return home. Sarashina suffered diarrhea and could not eat afterward. When he went back to Hawai'i in 1949, he attended high school again to relearn English. Soon, he found a job at a local radio station in Honolulu. During the Korean War, he volunteered to serve as a military intelligence officer. When he was sent to Korea, he was assigned to a unit led by a judo teacher he knew from Sawtelle, California. The teacher had been his older brother's schoolmate in Hiroshima, and so he took Sarashina under his wing throughout Sarashina's stay in Korea. Although Sarashina says that the American government could do more to support US hibakusha, he also says that he supports the medical checkups offered to American survivors by the Japanese government. In fact, he assisted the establishment of the checkup system in the early 1970s and continued to help the US hibakusha's organization called the American Society of Hiroshima-Nagasaki A-bomb Survivors. He takes pride in assisting many US survivors to obtain Japanese hibakusha techo (certificate of survivorhood) and to receive benefits.","extent":"2:42:23","links_children":"ddr-densho-1021-5","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":967,"namepart":"Junji Sarashina"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Naoko Wake"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Jose, California","creation":"6-Jun-12","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Junji Sarashina narrator \nNaoko Wake interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1021-5-1-mezzanine-ec9df4a5e1-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-23-14","model":"entity","index":"17 392/{'value': 414, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-23-14/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-23-14/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-23/ddr-csujad-23-14-mezzanine-1ad755f27a-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-23/ddr-csujad-23-14-mezzanine-1ad755f27a-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Henry [Katsumi] Fujita to Mr. and Mrs. Davis, October 5, 1942","description":"Describes in detail the long train ride from Sept. 15-18 between Merced and the Granada (Amache) incarceration camp: the layout of the train cars, times to different towns, tunnels and coal smoke, eating and sleeping arrangements, military troops and equipment staged along the railway, desert scenery, late arrival at Amache, an extra night aboard the train, moving into their barracks, their first bath/shower in 4 days, layout of the camp, barrack construction, mess halls, laundry shower-toilet bldgs., apt. furnishings, building furniture from lumber pile for the future high school, and personal items that the Davis's were taking care of for the Fujitas back in Petaluma. Unfortunately, the 2 hand-drawn maps of Amache that Henry Fujita refers to are missing along with many other letters like this that Henry Fujita narrated while his wife, Ann Fujita, typed. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: lp028-08-014","extent":"4 pages, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-23-14","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Fujita, Henry Katsumi"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- War Relocation Authority (WRA)","id":"403"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Living conditions","id":"67"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Sonoma State University Library, Rohnert Park, California","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Amache, Colorado","facility":[{"term":"Granada (Amache)","id":"4"}],"creation":"10/5/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Fujita, Henry Katsumi author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-23-14-mezzanine-1ad755f27a-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-janm-13-1","model":"entity","index":"18 393/{'value': 414, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-janm-13-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-janm-13-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-janm-13/denshovh-krichard-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-janm-13/denshovh-krichard-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Richard Kosaki Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born September 14, 1924, in Waikiki, Hawaii. Attended McKinley High School, where he was student body president, just prior to the bombing of Pearl Harbor in 1941. Served as a language instructor for the U.S. Military Intelligence Service during World War II, and was stationed in Japan during the U.S. occupation. Earned PhD in the 1950s before taking a position at the University of Hawaii at Manoa as an assistant professor. Worked in Washington, D.C., on Lyndon Johnson's presidential campaign. Was instrumental in establishing Hawaii's system of community colleges, notably the Hawaii Tokai International College. Dr. Kosaki is currently the Chancellor Emeritus of the University of Hawaii at Manoa, and is a senior consultant for the Japanese American National Museum's International Nikkei Research Project.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:59:02","links_children":"ddr-janm-13-1","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":172,"namepart":"Richard Kosaki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Mitchell Maki"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Akira Boch"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Japanese American National Museum Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"March 29, 2004","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Richard Kosaki narrator \nMitchell Maki interviewer \nAkira Boch videographer","download_large":"denshovh-krichard-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"968","model":"narrator","index":"19 394/{'value': 414, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/968/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/968/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1021-7_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1021-7_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/968/interviews/"},"display_name":"Yuriko Furubayashi","bio":"Yuriko Furubayashi was born January 20, 1927, in Waimea, Hawai'i, as one of the ten children of the family. Her father had come to Hawai'i from Hiroshima in the mid-1910s as a contract worker on a pineapple plantation. He grew vegetables and kept chickens around the house to help feed the family. Her mother cooked Japanese food only in part because meat was hard to come by. Many of their co-workers on the plantation were Japanese, and Yuriko used to go to the after-school school at Hongan-ji with these co-workers' children. Her peers at the public school included Filipinos, Chinese, Polynesians, Portuguese, and Haoles. When she was ten years old, her uncle and aunt in Los Angeles, who had been successful owners of Olympic Hotel, took her to Japan. They were childless, so their plan was to make Yuriko the family's heir. Yuriko quickly adjusted to the life in Japan and graduated from high school. She was working in an airplane factory when the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. Although she was not injured, she was irradiated because she walked through the city on the day after to look for her aunt and uncle. The entire city was still on fire. She saw many corpses and people with severe nuclear burns. She lost one of her uncles to the bomb. She also visited her friend working at an orphanage, and was struck by how many children had lost their parents to the bomb. In 1948, she went to Hawai'i to see her parents, thanks to the arrangement made by her brother who had come to Japan as part of the US occupation force. She decided that she did not want to go back to Hiroshima where memories of the destruction \"depressed\" her. She studied to regain her English and worked at her sister's bakery near Kahoku. She married a baker, and they became successful owners of another bakery named after their oldest son. Yuriko was somewhat worried about radiation effect when she was pregnant with her first child. She gained hibakusha techo (certificate of survivorhood) issued by the Japanese government in the 1960s. She also regularly attends the biannual health checkups conducted by Japanese physicians for American survivors."},{"id":"133","model":"narrator","index":"20 395/{'value': 414, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/133/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/133/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/fmitsu.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/fmitsu.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/133/interviews/"},"display_name":"Mitsu Fukui","bio":"Nisei female. Born September 21, 1911, in Seattle, Washington. Had a younger sister and three younger brothers. Father, Riichiro Fukano, employed by Oriental Trading Company as a bookkeeper in Seattle, before operating a dry cleaning business. Mother, Kiyono (Miyama) Fukano, a seamstress. Learned dressmaking from mother, and helped in the shop. Family lived upstairs above the shop, in a neighborhood with few Japanese American families. Paternal grandfather and grandmother joined the household and lived with them for eleven years before returning to Japan. Father served many years as secretary of the Japanese Chamber of Commerce. Mother served as president of Buddhist Women's Association. Graduated from Lincoln High School in 1930, attended University of Washington one year, and attended school in Japan one year. While living in Fukuoka Ken, served as interpreter for Charles Lindbergh, Yasha Heifetz, and other notable visitors. Married William Owari Fukui, an Issei, in 1936. Husband also in dry cleaning business. Son born 1939. Moved back to parents' house, along with her husband and son, in order to be together with her mother and brothers, when incarcerated in Puyallup Assembly Center in May, 1942. Father had been picked up earlier by FBI, after December 7, 1941, detained and interned separately. Incarcerated in Minidoka concentration camp. Son attended nursery school in Minidoka while she and husband worked. Released on indefinite leave in 1944 with husband and son, to relocate in Detroit, MI. Car vandalized and burglarized in Minidoka camp, during their drive back to Seattle in 1945. Protested lack of assistance from Minidoka concentration camp staff. With husband, started another dry cleaning business in Seattle, overcoming discrimination in financing. Retired from dry cleaning business. Did volunteer work for Children's Hospital in Seattle for over 30 years and provided home care for two and a half years for her husband who suffered from a severe stroke. After his death, she provided volunteer services at Seattle Keiro for six and a half years."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1021-7","model":"entity","index":"21 396/{'value': 414, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1021-7/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021-7/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-7-1-mezzanine-681d36effc-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-7-1-mezzanine-681d36effc-a.jpg"},"title":"Yuriko Furubayashi Interview","description":"Yuriko Furubayashi was born in 1927 in Waimea, Hawai'i, as one of the ten children of the family. Her father had come to Hawai'i from Hiroshima in the mid-1910s as a contract worker on a pineapple plantation. He grew vegetables and kept chickens around the house to help feed the family. Her mother cooked Japanese food only in part because meat was hard to come by. Many of their co-workers on the plantation were Japanese, and Yuriko used to go to the after-school school at Hongan-ji with these co-workers' children. Her peers at the public school included Filipinos, Chinese, Polynesians, Portuguese, and Haoles. When she was ten years old, her uncle and aunt in Los Angeles, who had been successful owners of Olympic Hotel, took her to Japan. They were childless, so their plan was to make Yuriko the family's heir. Yuriko quickly adjusted to the life in Japan and graduated from high school. She was working in an airplane factory when the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. Although she was not injured, she was irradiated because she walked through the city on the day after to look for her aunt and uncle. The entire city was still on fire. She saw many corpses and people with severe nuclear burns. She lost one of her uncles to the bomb. She also visited her friend working at an orphanage, and was struck by how many children had lost their parents to the bomb. In 1948, she went to Hawai'i to see her parents, thanks to the arrangement made by her brother who had come to Japan as part of the US occupation force. She decided that she did not want to go back to Hiroshima where memories of the destruction \"depressed\" her. She studied to regain her English and worked at her sister's bakery near Kahoku. She married a baker, and they became successful owners of another bakery named after their oldest son. Yuriko was somewhat worried about radiation effect when she was pregnant with her first child. She gained hibakusha techo (certificate of survivorhood) issued by the Japanese government in the 1960s. She also regularly attends the biannual health checkups conducted by Japanese physicians for American survivors.","extent":"2:52:35","links_children":"ddr-densho-1021-7","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":968,"namepart":"Yuriko Furubayashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Naoko Wake"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Kailua, Hawai‘i","creation":"11-Jun-13","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yuriko Furubayashi narrator \nNaoko Wake interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1021-7-1-mezzanine-681d36effc-a.jpg"},{"id":"130","model":"narrator","index":"22 397/{'value': 414, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/130/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/130/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yjoe.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yjoe.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/130/interviews/"},"display_name":"Joe Yasutake","bio":"Nisei male. Born May 25, 1932, in Seattle, Washington. Father employed by the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service as interpreter for twenty years, until separated from family on December 7, 1941 and interned as an enemy alien. Removed from Seattle with mother, sister and two brothers in 1942. Attended school (fifth through sixth grades) while incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho, and U.S. Department of Justice internment camp at Crystal City, TX. Reunited with father, Jack Kaichiro Yasutake, who was transferred from the U.S. Department of Justice internment camp in Lordsburg, NM to Crystal City, TX camp in 1944. After release from Crystal City camp, moved with parents to Cincinnati, OH. Moved with parents to Chicago, Illinois where father served as Executive Director of the Chicago Resettlers Committee. After high school graduation, attended Lawrence College in Wisconsin. Graduated from University of Illinois. Commissioned as lieutenant, U.S. Army, 1954, assigned to artillery and served in Germany. Returned to U.S. in 1956, discharged from the army. Married, had three sons. Late wife died in 1984. Was remarried in 1988 and has one stepdaughter. Received M.A., New York University. Moved to Ohio, employed by U.S. Air Force as psychologist. Received Ph.D. in Industrial Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus OH. Moved to Denver, CO. Retired in 1986 from the U.S. Air Force Human Resources Laboratory. Moved to California, employed by Lockheed. Serves in a volunteer capacity with community organizations, including as president of the Japanese American Museum of San Jose, and speaks at schools to educate students about the experiences of Japanese Americans and loss of constitutional rights during World War II. Also serves as chair of the San Jose Japantown Preservation Committee."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-9","model":"entity","index":"23 398/{'value': 414, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-9/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-9/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-9-mezzanine-17a410fe50-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-9-mezzanine-17a410fe50-a.jpg"},"title":"Planning for the future","description":"Term paper by Mitsuko Mitsui for Social Problems class taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. Mitsuko is very aware of the discussions of whether to return to Japan or stay in America and plans for what \"girls\" should be doing with their lives. Mitsuko wants to remain in America. She expresses a wish to never go to Japan. She wanted to have adventures and worry about settling down further in the future. Mitsuko describes a need to get out to prove herself on her own but didn't know what to do if the war continued as she really disliked camp. Mitsuko shows determination to \"look on the bright side.\" If things were normal, she would have finished her major and maybe be working in a sewing factory. She believed strongly in continuing to have fun and not getting too engrossed in work. She wanted to find happiness not a career necessarily. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9009. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0009","extent":"6 pages, 11 x 8.5 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-9","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Mitsui, Mitsuko"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mitsui, Mitsuko author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-9-mezzanine-17a410fe50-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-654","model":"entity","index":"24 399/{'value': 414, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-654/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-654/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-654-mezzanine-e1241aa034-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-654-mezzanine-e1241aa034-a.jpg"},"title":"General information bulletin (Cody, Wyo.), series 21 (October 3, 1942)","description":"General information bulletin, series 21, published at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp, Wyoming on October 3, 1942. Bulletin including news, events, and topics related to Heart Mountain incarceration camp. Includes: Heart Mountain High School opens Tuesday; Break in water pipe repaired; Heart Mountain court site picked; Schedule of religious services; Weekday activities; Memorial services to be held Sunday; Seek aid of colonists in crime prevention; Unauthorized uses of hot plates hit; New chief steward named; Co-op class to start Tuesday; Police force faced with shortage of men; Pomona checks must be claimed immediately; Dance classes to start Monday; Good-Will group of Powell aids residents here; Statement on dental service issued; Charge for cashing checks explained; Plans for issuance of clothing pushed; Ten timekeepers needed immediately; Church council aide visits Heart Mountain; Recreation appointments revealed by Kurtz; Pair of women softball tilts billed; Recreational activity announcements; Appendectomy performed at hospital; and Appreciation from Furuta family. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_0656","extent":"6 pages; 10.5 x 8 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-654","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"United States. War Relocation Authority"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications","id":"74"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Cody, Wyoming","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"10/3/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"United States. 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