This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:03:33","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-6-9","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":152,"namepart":"Sam Horino"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Monterey Park, California","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"February 22, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sam Horino narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-6-12","model":"segment","index":"1 101/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-6-12/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-6-12/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Sam Horino Interview Segment 12","description":"Returning to California after leaving prison
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:03:38","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-6-12","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":152,"namepart":"Sam Horino"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","geography":[{"term":"California","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7007157\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Monterey Park, California","creation":"February 22, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sam Horino narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-6-11","model":"segment","index":"2 102/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-6-11/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-6-11/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Sam Horino Interview Segment 11","description":"Memories of Leavenworth prison: no regrets
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:02:34","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-6-11","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":152,"namepart":"Sam Horino"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Draft resistance","id":"95"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Monterey Park, California","facility":[{"term":"Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary","id":"43"}],"creation":"February 22, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sam Horino narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-6-15","model":"segment","index":"3 103/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-6-15/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-6-15/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Sam Horino Interview Segment 15","description":"Brothers' thoughts on resistance stand
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:00:45","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-6-15","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":152,"namepart":"Sam Horino"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- 100th Infantry Battalion","id":"421"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Impact of resistance on families","id":"100"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Monterey Park, California","creation":"February 22, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sam Horino narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-6-10","model":"segment","index":"4 104/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-6-10/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-6-10/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Sam Horino Interview Segment 10","description":"Memories of trial: \"the decision was incorrect\"
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:02:12","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-6-10","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":152,"namepart":"Sam Horino"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Draft resistance","id":"95"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Monterey Park, California","creation":"February 22, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sam Horino narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-6-13","model":"segment","index":"5 105/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-6-13/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-6-13/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Sam Horino Interview Segment 13","description":"Trouble with the JACL after returning home
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:02:04","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-6-13","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":152,"namepart":"Sam Horino"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","geography":[{"term":"California","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7007157\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Monterey Park, California","creation":"February 22, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sam Horino narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-8-4","model":"segment","index":"6 106/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-8-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-8-4/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kyosh-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kyosh-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Yosh Kuromiya Interview Segment 4","description":"Family's thoughts on decision to resist
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:02:54","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-8-4","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":154,"namepart":"Yosh Kuromiya"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- 100th Infantry Battalion","id":"421"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Draft resistance","id":"95"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Impact of resistance on families","id":"100"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"August 15 & 16, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yosh Kuromiya narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-kyosh-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-5-3","model":"segment","index":"7 107/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-5-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-5-3/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-efrank-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-efrank-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Emi Interview I Segment 3","description":"Involvement in judo before World War II
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:02:42","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-5-3","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":142,"namepart":"Frank Emi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","geography":[{"term":"Los Angeles, California","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/1002608\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Gabriel, California","creation":"February 23, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Emi narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-efrank-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-17-4","model":"segment","index":"8 108/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-17-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-17-4/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kkats_g-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kkats_g-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Kats Kunitsugu - Paul Tsuneishi Interview Segment 4","description":"Description of food in concentration camps
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:05:30","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-17-4","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":159,"namepart":"Kats Kunitsugu"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":160,"namepart":"Paul Tsuneishi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Food","id":"68"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"August 22, 1995","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kats Kunitsugu narrator \nPaul Tsuneishi narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-kkats_g-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-17-9","model":"segment","index":"9 109/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-17-9/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-17-9/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kkats_g-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kkats_g-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Kats Kunitsugu - Paul Tsuneishi Interview Segment 9","description":"Description of physical layout of concentration camp
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:04:07","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-17-9","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":159,"namepart":"Kats Kunitsugu"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":160,"namepart":"Paul Tsuneishi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"August 22, 1995","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kats Kunitsugu narrator \nPaul Tsuneishi narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-kkats_g-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-17-8","model":"segment","index":"10 110/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-17-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-17-8/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kkats_g-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kkats_g-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Kats Kunitsugu - Paul Tsuneishi Interview Segment 8","description":"Discussion of Japanese American generational differences
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:05:33","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-17-8","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":159,"namepart":"Kats Kunitsugu"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":160,"namepart":"Paul Tsuneishi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"August 22, 1995","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kats Kunitsugu narrator \nPaul Tsuneishi narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-kkats_g-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-24-4","model":"segment","index":"11 111/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-24-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-24-4/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-tpaul-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-tpaul-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Paul Tsuneishi Interview Segment 4","description":"The postwar ostracization of the resisters
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:03:02","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-24-4","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":160,"namepart":"Paul Tsuneishi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Community responses to resistance","id":"99"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Draft resistance","id":"95"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Heart Mountain, Wyoming","creation":"May 19, 1995","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Paul Tsuneishi narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-tpaul-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-24-1","model":"segment","index":"12 112/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-24-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-24-1/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-tpaul-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-tpaul-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Paul Tsuneishi Interview Segment 1","description":"Feelings about the Japanese American Citizens League
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:03:34","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-24-1","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":160,"namepart":"Paul Tsuneishi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Community responses to resistance","id":"99"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Draft resistance","id":"95"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Heart Mountain, Wyoming","creation":"May 19, 1995","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Paul Tsuneishi narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-tpaul-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-27-2","model":"segment","index":"13 113/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-27-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-27-2/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-nandy-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-nandy-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Andy Noguchi Interview Segment 2","description":"Different reactions to the resolution
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:03:16","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-27-2","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":167,"namepart":"Andy Noguchi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Community responses to resistance","id":"99"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Merced, California","creation":"August 29, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Andy Noguchi narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-nandy-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-5","model":"entity","index":"14 114/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-5/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-5/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-efrank-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-efrank-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Emi Interview I","description":"Nisei male. Born September 23, 1916, in Los Angeles, California. Attended Los Angeles City College for one year before leaving to run the family produce business. Married and had a daughter before being removed to Pomona Assembly Center, California, and Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. The leader of Heart Mountain's Fair Play Committee, was convicted of resisting the draft, and was imprisoned for eighteen months at Leavenworth, Kansas. After leaving prison, worked for the U.S. post office and the California state unemployment office. Mr. Emi practiced judo as a young person before the war, and postwar, taught at the Hollywood Judo Dojo.
(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"00:45:44","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-5","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":142,"namepart":"Frank Emi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr004xx71","namepart":"Emi, Frank Seishi"}],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Gabriel, California","creation":"February 23, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Emi narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer Emi, Frank Seishi 88922nr004xx71","download_large":"denshovh-efrank-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-10","model":"entity","index":"15 115/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-10/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-10/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kmits-03-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kmits-03-a.jpg"},"title":"Mits Koshiyama Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born August 7, 1924, in Mountain View, California. Grew up in the Santa Clara Valley, California, working on his family's leased strawberry farm. In June of 1942, he was involuntarily \"evacuated\" to Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, then to Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. Graduated from high school in camp and at the age of 19, refused induction into the military on the grounds that the incarceration violated his Constitutional rights as an American citizen. Served two years at McNeil Island federal penitentiary, Washington. Later resettled in California and established a flower nursery business with his brother.
(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"00:37:46","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-10","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":125,"namepart":"Mits Koshiyama"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zs24","namepart":"Koshiyama, Mitsuru"}],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"August 15 & 16, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mits Koshiyama narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer Koshiyama, Mitsuru 88922nr015zs24","download_large":"denshovh-kmits-03-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-20","model":"entity","index":"16 116/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-20/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-20/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-efrank-03-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-efrank-03-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Emi Interview II","description":"Nisei male. Born September 23, 1916, in Los Angeles, California. Attended Los Angeles City College for one year before leaving to run the family produce business. Married and had a daughter before being removed to Pomona Assembly Center, California, and Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. The leader of Heart Mountain's Fair Play Committee, was convicted of resisting the draft, and was imprisoned for eighteen months at Leavenworth, Kansas. After leaving prison, worked for the U.S. post office and the California state unemployment office. Mr. Emi practiced judo as a young person before the war, and postwar, taught at the Hollywood Judo Dojo.
(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"01:39:02","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-20","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":142,"namepart":"Frank Emi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr004xx71","namepart":"Emi, Frank Seishi"}],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"January 30, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Emi narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer Emi, Frank Seishi 88922nr004xx71","download_large":"denshovh-efrank-03-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-21-5","model":"segment","index":"17 117/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-21-5/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-21-5/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kben_g-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kben_g-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Ben Kuroki - Shige Kuroki Interview Segment 5","description":"Shige and Ben recount how they first met
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:02:38","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-21-5","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":163,"namepart":"Ben Kuroki"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":169,"namepart":"Shige Kuroki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","geography":[{"term":"Idaho","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7007250\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Camarillio, California","creation":"January 31, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ben Kuroki narrator \nShige Kuroki narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-kben_g-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-10-9","model":"segment","index":"18 118/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-10-9/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-10-9/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kmits-03-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kmits-03-a.jpg"},"title":"Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 9","description":"Thoughts on the relationship between resisters and veterans
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:02:47","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-10-9","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":125,"namepart":"Mits Koshiyama"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Community responses to resistance","id":"99"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Draft resistance","id":"95"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"August 15 & 16, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mits Koshiyama narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-kmits-03-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-10-8","model":"segment","index":"19 119/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-10-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-10-8/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kmits-03-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kmits-03-a.jpg"},"title":"Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 8","description":"The influence of the Rocky Shimpo on decision to resist
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:02:33","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-10-8","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":125,"namepart":"Mits Koshiyama"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Draft resistance","id":"95"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"August 15 & 16, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mits Koshiyama narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-kmits-03-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-7-1","model":"segment","index":"20 120/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-7-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-7-1/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-eart-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-eart-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Art Emi Interview Segment 1","description":"Recollections of meeting with Fair Play Committee leader Min Tamesa
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:02:58","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-7-1","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":153,"namepart":"Art Emi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"August 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Art Emi narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-eart-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-8-5","model":"segment","index":"21 121/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-8-5/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-8-5/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kyosh-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kyosh-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Yosh Kuromiya Interview Segment 5","description":"The decision to resist the draft: \"Somebody had to say somethin'\"
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:01:25","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-8-5","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":154,"namepart":"Yosh Kuromiya"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Draft resistance","id":"95"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"August 15 & 16, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yosh Kuromiya narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-kyosh-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-20-23","model":"segment","index":"22 122/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-20-23/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-20-23/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-efrank-03-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-efrank-03-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Emi Interview II Segment 23","description":"Long-term affects of wartime resistance; reaction of community members
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:05:32","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-20-23","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":142,"namepart":"Frank Emi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Draft resistance","id":"95"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"January 30, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Emi narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-efrank-03-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-18-5","model":"segment","index":"23 123/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-18-5/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-18-5/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-srandy-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-srandy-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Randy Senzaki Interview Segment 5","description":"Thoughts on the JACL's inability to apologize to the resisters
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:03:58","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-18-5","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":161,"namepart":"Randy Senzaki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Community responses to resistance","id":"99"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"May 5, 1996","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Randy Senzaki narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-srandy-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-4-8","model":"segment","index":"24 124/{'value': 341, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-4-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-4-8/","img":"https://ddrstage.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ojimmie-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ojimmie-02-a.jpg"},"title":"James Omura Interview I Segment 8","description":"Thoughts on the JACL's role during mass removal
This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.","extent":"00:07:02","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-4-8","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":144,"namepart":"James Omura"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\") -- Japanese American community responses","id":"52"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"December 9, 1990","status":"completed","search_hidden":"James Omura narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-ojimmie-02-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Abe, P.","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}