(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"00:37:51","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-18","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":161,"namepart":"Randy Senzaki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"May 5, 1996","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Randy Senzaki narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-srandy-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-26","model":"entity","index":"16 141/{'value': 621, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-26/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-26/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hbill-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hbill-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Bill Hosokawa Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born in Seattle on January 30, 1915, and attended Washington grade school, Garfield High School and the University of Washington. He grew up as a typical Nisei, working summers in Alaska salmon canneries and Western Avenue produce brokerages to pay for his education. He became interested in writing at Garfield where he was sports editor of the school paper. While attending the University he worked at the weekly Japanese American Courier published by the late Jimmie Sakamoto. A faculty adviser at the University urged Hosokawa to drop out of the journalism school \"because no newspaper in the country would hire a Japanese boy.\" Hosokawa rejected the advice, but when he graduated in 1937 he found the professor was right. After working as a male secretary writing letters, Hosokawa and his bride, the former Alice Miyake of Portland, Oregon, went to Singapore in 1938 to help launch an English language daily. A year and a half later Hosokawa moved to Shanghai to work on an American-owned monthly magazine, the Far Eastern Review. Then, sensing the inevitability of war, he returned to Seattle in 1941 just five weeks before the attack on Pearl Harbor. When war came, Hosokawa served as executive director of Seattle JACL's Emergency Defense Council helping people in the community to cope. He and his family were removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington. When other Seattleites were moved to Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho, Hosokawa and his wife and infant son were sent to Heart Mountain, Wyoming. Later, he learned he had been separated from his Seattle friends because he was considered a potential troublemaker. He was in Heart Mountain for 14 months, working as editor of the camp newspaper, the Heart Mountain Sentinel, before being released to join the Des Moines, Iowa Register in 1943. In 1946 he moved to Denver to work on the Denver Post. In 38 years at The Post he held such assignments as executive news editor, assistant managing editor and Sunday editor. He covered the Japanese peace treaty in San Francisco in 1951, the Summit meeting in Paris in 1960 and the Zengakuren student riots in Japan that same year. He also had assignments as war correspondent in Korea and Vietnam, and for 17 years was editor of Empire, the Post's prize-winning Sunday magazine. For his last seven years at the Post Hosokawa was editor of the editorial page -- a Japanese American imprisoned during World War II as a potential security risk who now directed the opinion section of a major American newspaper. After retiring from the Post in 1984 he served the Rocky Mountain News as ombudsman columnist for seven years. Hosokawa has taught journalism classes at the University of Colorado, University of Northern Colorado and University of Wyoming. He wrote a weekly comment column called \"From the Frying Pan\" in JACL's weekly Pacific Citizen from 1942 until 1999. Among other honors, Hosokawa is a former president of the American Association of Sunday and Feature Editors and a member of that organization's Hall of Fame, a charter member of the Denver Press Club Hall of Fame. He was named JACL's Nisei of the Biennium in 1958, and has published 12 books. Hosokawa and his wife Alice, who died in 1998, had four children.","extent":"00:25:36","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-26","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":124,"namepart":"Bill Hosokawa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"August 4, 1994","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Bill Hosokawa narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-hbill-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-28","model":"entity","index":"17 142/{'value': 621, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-28/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-28/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-tkenji-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-tkenji-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Kenji Taguma Interview","description":"Sansei male, born 1969. Editor for the Nichi Bei Times, the oldest Japanese American bilingual newspaper in northern California. Son of a draft resister from Granada concentration camp. Attended California State University at Sacramento and became involved in civil rights activism.
(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"00:08:23","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-28","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":168,"namepart":"Kenji Taguma"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Merced, California","creation":"August 29, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kenji Taguma narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-tkenji-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-27","model":"entity","index":"18 143/{'value': 621, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-27/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-27/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-nandy-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-nandy-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Andy Noguchi Interview","description":"Sansei male. President of the Florin chapter of the Japanese American Citizens League in 1999, and one of the authors of a resolution to recognize the constitutional stand of the World War II resisters of conscience.
(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"00:07:15","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-27","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":167,"namepart":"Andy Noguchi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Merced, California","creation":"August 29, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Andy Noguchi narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-nandy-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-4","model":"entity","index":"19 144/{'value': 621, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-4/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ojimmie-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ojimmie-02-a.jpg"},"title":"James Omura Interview I","description":"Nisei male. Born November 27, 1912, on Bainbridge Island, Washington. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, moved to Denver and took a job as English Editor of a Japanese American vernacular newspaper, the Rocky Shimpo. As editor, wrote about and supported the Fair Play Committee in Heart Mountain concentration camp. Was charged and tried for conspiracy to counsel draft evasion, and was acquitted on the grounds of the First Amendment and freedom of the press. Mr. Omura was awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Asian American Journalists Association.
(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"01:56:56","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-4","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":144,"namepart":"James Omura"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"December 9, 1990","status":"completed","search_hidden":"James Omura narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-ojimmie-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-6","model":"entity","index":"20 145/{'value': 621, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-6/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-6/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Sam Horino Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born July 17, 1914, in Gardena, California. Passively resisted \"evacuation\" in 1942, forcing two soldiers to carry him out of his home. Incarcerated at Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming, and became one of the steering committee leaders of the Fair Play Committee (FPC). Was tried along with the other FPC leaders and was convicted to conspiracy to counsel draft evasion. Served time in Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary, Kansas, and then returned home to California.
(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"00:47:43","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-6","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":152,"namepart":"Sam Horino"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Monterey Park, California","creation":"February 22, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sam Horino narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-hsam-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-12","model":"entity","index":"21 146/{'value': 621, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-12/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-12/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ajim-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ajim-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Jim Akutsu Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born 1920 in Seattle, Washington. Incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Resisted draft, with the rationale that the U.S. government had classified him 4-C, an enemy alien, and he was therefore under no obligation to serve. Imprisoned at McNeil Island Penitentiary, Washington. Vocal critic of JACL. Resettled in Seattle, Washington. Thought by some to be the model for the main character in John Okada's No-No Boy. Mr. Akutsu died in 1998.
(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"00:43:33","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-12","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":2,"namepart":"Jim Akutsu"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"August 28, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Jim Akutsu narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-ajim-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-11","model":"entity","index":"22 147/{'value': 621, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-11/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-11/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ojimmie-03-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ojimmie-03-a.jpg"},"title":"James Omura Interview II","description":"Nisei male. Born November 27, 1912, on Bainbridge Island, Washington. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, moved to Denver and took a job as English Editor of a Japanese American vernacular newspaper, the Rocky Shimpo. As editor, wrote about and supported the Fair Play Committee in Heart Mountain concentration camp. Was charged and tried for conspiracy to counsel draft evasion, and was acquitted on the grounds of the First Amendment and freedom of the press. Mr. Omura was awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Asian American Journalists Association.
(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"00:43:54","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-11","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":144,"namepart":"James Omura"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"August 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"James Omura narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-ojimmie-03-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-13","model":"entity","index":"23 148/{'value': 621, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-13/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-13/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kgloria-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kgloria-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Gloria Kubota Interview","description":"Nisei female. Born June 6, 1916, in Santa Clara County, California. Raised in Santa Clara, and met and married Issei Guntaro Kubota, one of the leaders of the Heart Mountain Fair Play Committee. During World War II, incarcerated at Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming, along with daughter. Gave birth to a son in camp. Husband Guntaro Kubota was arrested for conspiracy to counsel draft evasion, and served time at Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary in Kansas. Eventually Guntaro's conviction was thrown out, and the family moved back to Los Gatos, California.
(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"00:32:53","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-13","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":156,"namepart":"Gloria Kubota"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"August 28, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Gloria Kubota narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-kgloria-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-15","model":"entity","index":"24 149/{'value': 621, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-15/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-15/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ofred-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ofred-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Fred Okrand Interview","description":"White male. Born 1918. Former longtime legal director of the American Civil Liberties Union of Southern California. Was an advocate for civil rights throughout his career, and worked on behalf of Japanese Americans during the World War II incarceration.
(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"00:30:49","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-15","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":158,"namepart":"Fred Okrand"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"August 22, 1995","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Fred Okrand narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-ofred-01-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Abe, Frank","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}