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Born July 31, 1921, in Seattle, Washington. Raised in Raymond, Washington. Incarcerated at Tule Lake concentration camp, California, and Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming; he worked on the staff of both camp newspapers, the Tulean Dispatch and the Heart Mountain Sentinel, respectively. Resettled in Seattle after the war and entered the greenhouse business. He owned and operated the Greenwood Greenhouse with his brother.","extent":"02:57:07","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-75","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":78,"namepart":"Kunio Otani"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Rebecca Walls"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0112m4b","namepart":"Otani, Kunio"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"May 31, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kunio Otani narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nRebecca Walls interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Otani, Kunio 88922nr0112m4b","download_large":"denshovh-okunio-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-67-157","model":"entity","index":"19 344/{'value': 10000, 'relation': 'gte'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-67-157/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-67-157/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-67/ddr-densho-67-157-mezzanine-348d53ad26-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-67/ddr-densho-67-157-mezzanine-348d53ad26-a.jpg"},"title":"Testimony of Susumu Sato","description":"Written testimony of Susumu Sato of Olympia, Washington. 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This testimony was presented at the CWRIC hearing in Seattle, Washington, on Wednesday, September 9, 1981, in the section titled \"Evacuation Impact and Redress.\" Personal information excised by Densho.","extent":"2481W x 3247H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-67-157","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Sato, Susumu"}],"topics":[{"term":"Redress and reparations -- Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC) -- Hearings -- Seattle, Washington hearings","id":"217"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Sato, Susumu"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"misc_document","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"9-Sep-81","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sato, Susumu author Sato, Susumu","download_large":"ddr-densho-67-157-mezzanine-348d53ad26-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-67-305","model":"entity","index":"20 345/{'value': 10000, 'relation': 'gte'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-67-305/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-67-305/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-67/ddr-densho-67-305-mezzanine-77f298c8cf-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-67/ddr-densho-67-305-mezzanine-77f298c8cf-a.jpg"},"title":"Testimony of Hideso John Nomura","description":"Written testimony of Hideso John Nomura, born in Kent, Washington. Incarcerated in the Pinedale Assembly Center, California, the Tule Lake concentration camp, California, and the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. This testimony was submitted for the CWRIC hearings in Seattle, Washington, September 9-11, 1981.","extent":"2488W x 3191H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-67-305","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Okazaki, Sachi"}],"topics":[{"term":"Redress and reparations -- Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC) -- Hearings -- Seattle, Washington hearings","id":"217"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Okazaki, Sachi"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"misc_document","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"September 9-11, 1981","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Okazaki, Sachi author Okazaki, Sachi","download_large":"ddr-densho-67-305-mezzanine-77f298c8cf-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-67-184","model":"entity","index":"21 346/{'value': 10000, 'relation': 'gte'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-67-184/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-67-184/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-67/ddr-densho-67-184-mezzanine-e192b2ba1e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-67/ddr-densho-67-184-mezzanine-e192b2ba1e-a.jpg"},"title":"Testimony of Frank Niwa","description":"Written testimony of Frank Niwa of Tacoma, Washington. Incarcerated in the Pinedale Assembly Center and the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. This testimony was presented at the CWRIC hearing in Seattle, Washington, on Wednesday, September 9, 1981, in the section titled \"Tule Lake Center.\"","extent":"2452W x 3223H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-67-184","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Niwa, Frank"}],"topics":[{"term":"Redress and reparations -- Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC) -- Hearings -- Seattle, Washington hearings","id":"217"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Niwa, Frank"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"misc_document","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"9-Sep-81","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Niwa, Frank author Niwa, Frank","download_large":"ddr-densho-67-184-mezzanine-e192b2ba1e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-63","model":"entity","index":"22 347/{'value': 10000, 'relation': 'gte'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-63/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-63/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mayako_g-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mayako_g-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Ayako Murakami - Masako Murakami Interview","description":"This interview was conducted with sisters Masako and Ayako Murakami, who were coproprietors of the Higo Variety Store in Seattle's International District. Both sisters were incarcerated at the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Both resettled in Seattle, Washington, after the war","extent":"01:36:46","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-63","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":61,"namepart":"Ayako Murakami"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":62,"namepart":"Masako Murakami"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Dee Goto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005sv7t","namepart":"Murakami, Ayako Betty"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr005sv96","namepart":"Murakami, Masako"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"December 14, 1997","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ayako Murakami narrator \nMasako Murakami narrator \nDee Goto interviewer \nAlice Ito interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Murakami, Ayako Betty 88922nr005sv7t\nMurakami, Masako 88922nr005sv96","download_large":"denshovh-mayako_g-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-111-17","model":"segment","index":"23 348/{'value': 10000, 'relation': 'gte'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-111-17/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-111-17/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-iyasashi-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-iyasashi-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Yasashi Ichikawa Interview I Segment 17","description":"Returning to Japan for two years before moving to Seattle, Washington (Japanese language)
This interview was conducted in Japanese. The transcript is a translation of the original interview.","extent":"00:08:24","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-111-17","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":111,"namepart":"Yasashi Ichikawa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tomoyo Yamada"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"John Pai"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","geography":[{"term":"Seattle, Washington","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7014494\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"October 16, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yasashi Ichikawa narrator \nTomoyo Yamada interviewer \nJohn Pai videographer","download_large":"denshovh-iyasashi-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-67-193","model":"entity","index":"24 349/{'value': 10000, 'relation': 'gte'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-67-193/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-67-193/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-67/ddr-densho-67-193-mezzanine-49a50d0391-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-67/ddr-densho-67-193-mezzanine-49a50d0391-a.jpg"},"title":"Testimony of Kusunosuke Kino","description":"Written testimony of Kusunosuke Kino. This testimony was presented at the CWRIC hearing in Seattle, Washington, on Thursday, September 10, 1981, in the section titled \"Japanese Speakers.\"","extent":"2512W x 3267H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-67-193","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Kino, Kusunosuke"}],"topics":[{"term":"Redress and reparations -- Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC) -- Hearings -- Seattle, Washington hearings","id":"217"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Kusunosuke, Kino"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"misc_document","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"10-Sep-81","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kino, Kusunosuke author Kusunosuke, Kino","download_large":"ddr-densho-67-193-mezzanine-49a50d0391-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Seattle, Washington","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}